
Explore the design and simulation of an analog bandgap reference in sky130, with temperature independent output achieved by combining negative and positive temperature coefficient components.
Demonstrate ctat and ptat behavior with bgr to cancel temperature slopes, adjust alpha1 and alpha2 for beta density, and realize a constant current reference.
Demonstrate the startup circuit that prevents the PGA-based bandgap reference from locking at zero, forming a full BGR circuit with enable-controlled media circuit, and prepare for lab tool installation.
Install essential tools for the SkyWater sky130 analog design workflow, verify the setup, create a predicate folder, clone the skywriter repository, and download primitive model files for simulations.
Install the design tools for sky130, run sudo make, and manage long installation times, then preview the next section on designing and simulating.
Write and simulate a Spiceland netlist for the circuit, detailing spice list construction, library addresses, transistor models, and a dc analysis to map current paths.
Create a temperature variation plot for the analog bandgap reference and calculate alpha1 slopes. Then adjust the second resistor value to balance the startup circuit and refine the reference.
Adjust the temperature variation plot by tuning values around 16.5 to 16.7 to refine the characteristic toward a more perfect Belko and achieve a constant output by canceling signals.
Analyze supply variation and temperature sweeps and their impact on current across branches, and learn how to adjust the design to stabilize current in an analog bandgap reference using Sky130.
Investigate reducing current value and rate to lessen supply variation in the analog bandgap reference design; note temperature and radiation effects on readings.
Perform pre-layout simulations by updating the CIA values, apply the prior technique to verify the circuit, and compute the output around sixty to sixty-three.
During pre-layout simulations for the Sky130 analog bandgap reference, the team tunes a feedback feature by adjusting register and supply values, achieving acceptable variation and readying the BGA for layout.
Design the circuit layout by building blocks, creating polysilicon and n-well regions, and outlining a 20 by 1 structure using the magic layout tool in Sky130.
Continue the layout of circuit blocks using fixed width and variable length parameters, fill areas with materials, and measure data points in a Sky130 process.
Place the remaining building blocks for the BTR circuit, copy the BGT from the sky to the correct location, and finalize the required files and elements to complete the design.
Place blocks to avoid overlap, label transistors, prepare supply and ground connections, and finalize by saving the design as a BGA.
Develop and configure a contact in a Sky130 analog bandgap reference workflow by using terminal commands, coordinate boxes, and grid point placement, then save and validate the setup.
Explore how to manage contacts in the analog bandgap reference design, focusing on defining and limiting contact placements and preserving the context discussed in the lecture.
Explore layout connections in an analog bandgap reference design on sky130, detailing placement, connectivity, and embedding media and graphics as part of an iterative design workflow.
Explore layout connections for an analog bandgap reference using sky130, detailing net interconnections, layer management, and referencing official documentation to verify connections.
Connect the gates of xm devices using polysilicon leads, verify enable inputs for xm11–xm14, and complete contacts, routing, and labeling to finalize the gate connections in the layout.
Wire terminals and establish ground connections for xm9 and xm10, extend traces, and finalize the layout steps for the analog bandgap reference design using sky130.
Explore layout connections in analog bandgap reference design using Sky130, focusing on grounding nets. Learn to connect ground nets with metal layers, avoiding overlaps and routing to digital.
Delve into layout connections in the analog bandgap reference design, zoom into the layout area, and complete critical connections to finalize the routing within the Sky130 framework.
Conduct post-layout simulations of the PGA circuit, perform labeling and ground reference steps, run parasitic extraction, and verify spice-based analysis using the library and stimulus and analysis.
Analyze unexpected post-layout simulation results and iteratively adjust circuit parameters and timing values to achieve accurate analog bandgap reference behavior using Sky130.
Perform post-layout simulations for analog bandgap reference design using Sky130, perform parasitic extraction, and examine how layout changes influence supply and measured values.
Learn how to divide tasks, run simulations, and design layouts for an analog bandgap reference design using Sky130, as presented in this engaging live webinar.
This webinar provides detail about General Purpose Bandgap Reference. The basic working principle of Bandgap reference circuits is explained . The circuit implementation is discussed and the issues with each implementation style is mentioned. Index Terms—Bandgap Reference, CTAT, PTAT, Current mirror, OpAmp.
A Bandgap Reference is a circuit which gives a constant voltage output Vref irrespective of temperature, process and supply voltage variations. It is an especially important component of several analog and mixed signal Integrated Circuits. Several circuits such as LDO, ADC, DAC, Buck convertor. use Bandgap reference as a building block. It provides a constant output reference voltage of 1.2V which is proportional to the Bandgap energy of Silicon(1.2eV)at 0K and hence, gets its name as Bandgap Reference circuit
For detailed information regarding the Bandgap Reference circuit, refer to VLSI System Design website. Below are the details we will be covering in this webinar
Performance parameters and Circuit implementation of Bandgap Reference IP
Block Diagram and Schematic
Steps to download tools on your System
Pre-Layout Simulation of Bandgap Reference IP circuit using Ngspice
Vbgp v/s Temperature [ -40C - 140C] @ RL = 100M ohms plot
Vbgp v/s VDD [ 2V - 4V] @ RL = 100M ohms plot
Temperature Coefficient of Vbgp v/s Temperature [ -40C - 140C] @ RL = 100M ohms plot
Voltage Coefficient of Vbgp v/s VDD [ 2V - 4V] @ RL = 100M ohms plot
Start-Up Time of Vbgp @ RL = 100M ohms plot
On-Off-Current of Vbgp wrt Enable @ RL = 100M ohms plot
BGR Layout using Magic
Hope you enjoy the webinar