
This is the very first lecture of this course, where we'll go through introductions and set the scene for the course.
This lecture will shed light on the target audience for the course.
In this lesson, you will gain a clear view of the intended learning outcomes.
This lecture identifies the high-level breakdown of the course, looking at what to expect from the different course sections.
A simple activity to help us relate to the idea of classification, as well as shared and unique characteristics of things.
Here, you will find a decision tree diagram that will help you decide whether this course is really what you are after.
The lecture explores the profound role of visual ways of capturing taxonomies, a product of the human mind which pervades in everyday technology we are unwitting users of.
This lecture introduces the idea of a thesaurus from a linguistic standpoint and also explains the importance of concepts over terms.
In this lecture, we'll identify the importance of linguistic understandings like syntax, semantics and pragmatics. These are very relevant to the domain of knowledge representation and form the basis for building good computer-based taxonomies.
This lecture discusses various semantic relationships that exist in the domain of linguistics and that are relevant in information modelling and information architecture.
This lecture discusses introduces different approaches of varying levels of expressivity used to model domain knowledge.
In this lesson, we get to understand what controlled vocabularies are.
Taxonomy is a classification scheme for organising information and in this lesson, we introduce this information organisation structure.
This lecture is about recognising different kinds of taxonomies out there, including flat taxonomy, hierarchical taxonomy, facet taxonomy and network taxonomy.
This lecture is about balanced vs. ragged taxonomies and their implications in terms of driving uniformity or flexibility in domain modelling capability.
This is an introduction to what a thesaurus is, as a more expressive and augmented taxonomical structure.
This lecture provides a preview of what ontologies are.
In this lecture, we'll get to check out some awesome examples of applications that utilise taxonomies and thesauri.
This is a continuation of the previous lecture and exposes further examples of applications that utilise taxonomies and thesauri.
Portability and interoperability are just two out of a number of key considerations when choosing a suitable method of encoding taxonomies and thesauri. In this lesson, we'll become familiar with these important considerations.
This is a general overview that sets the scene for the Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) for developing taxonomies and thesauri.
Concepts are king in the realm of Knowledge Organisation Systems. Concepts can also carry lexical labels and annotations of various kinds. This lesson introduces SKOS Concepts and annotations.
Here, we'll introduce basic semantic relations used for creating hierarchical associations.
This is a continuation of the previous lecture where we bring the idea of SKOS Concept Schemes into the picture.
In this lesson, we introduce the idea of simple semantic relations for linking concepts within concept schemes, as well as associations used for curating concepts coming from different concept schemes.
Custom ontology structures can be overlaid on top of SKOS models to provide more semantic description. This lecture introduces the idea of complementing SKOS models with further ontology entities.
This lecture discusses the idea of using SPARQL as the query language for interrogating SKOS graphs.
In this summary lecture, a digest of the constructs supported in SKOS is provided.
This lecture highlights the context of the example that will be used to illustrate the development of a SKOS thesaurus from scratch throughout this section of the course and later sections as well.
This tutorial demonstrates how to use Protégé ontology editor to import the SKOS vocabulary.
Instructions for getting started.
This is a quick Protégé tour of the classes defined in the SKOS vocabulary.
This is a quick Protégé tour of the object properties defined in the SKOS vocabulary.
This is a quick Protégé tour of the datatype properties defined in the SKOS vocabulary.
This is a quick Protégé tour of the annotation properties defined in the SKOS vocabulary.
We won't be using a SKOS plugin in Protégé but there is one for legacy versions in case you are running version 4.x. However, please note that this plugin is NOT needed in this course as it we are working with newer versions of the ontology editor.
This tutorial demonstrates how to build Concept Schemes.
Instructions to build your first Concept Scheme.
This tutorial demonstrates how to build Top Concepts and link them to their Concept Scheme.
Instructions to build Top Concepts and link them to their Concept Scheme.
This tutorial demonstrates how to use hierarchical relationships to build a taxonomy of concepts.
This is a continuation of the previous lecture on how to build a taxonomy of concepts.
Instructions to build a taxonomy of Concepts.
This tutorial demonstrates how to use hyperlinked entities Protégé to navigate a taxonomy, as well as using OntoGraf visualiser to draw out the visual hierarchy.
Instructions to navigate and visualise the taxonomy.
This tutorial demonstrates how to run the OWL reasoner and interpret the inferences made from the asserted SKOS graph.
This tutorial demonstrates the use of lexical labels.
Instructions on the use of lexical labels.
This tutorial demonstrates how to add documentation notes.
Instructions for adding documentation notes.
This tutorial demonstrates how to use notations.
Instructions for adding notations.
This tutorial demonstrates how to specify generic concept relations.
This is a continuation of the previous lecture on specifying generic concept relations.
Instructions on creating a small business taxonomy and specifying generic concept relations.
This lecture illustrates the need for managing reference and user-specific data that are assembled in the thesaurus.
Ontology files for download.
This lecture provides a preview of what unordered SKOS Collections are.
This tutorial demonstrates how to create unordered Collections.
Instructions for creating unordered Collections.
This lecture explains the mechanics of SKOS Ordered Collections which uses RDF Lists.
This tutorial demonstrates how to declare a SKOS Ordered Collection.
Instructions on how to declare Ordered Collections.
Ontology files for download.
This lecture introduces what it means to perform semantic mapping / reconciliation and its importance for making sense of heterogenous data structures for improved interoperability.
This tutorial demonstrates importing an external taxonomy and sets the scene for the semantic mappings to be explored.
This is a continuation of the previous lecture to contextualise the example semantic mappings to be tackled in this section of the course.
This tutorial demonstrates how to create exact matches.
Instructions on how to create exact matches.
This tutorial demonstrates how to create close matches.
Instructions for creating close matches.
This tutorial demonstrates how to add broader and narrower matches.
Instructions on how to create broader and narrower matches.
This tutorial demonstrates how to create related matches.
Instructions on how to create related matches.
Ontology files for download.
This is the introductory lecture for this section of the course.
This lecture explores and demonstrates examples of SPARQL queries for answering business questions.
This lecture explores and demonstrates examples of SPARQL queries for deriving SKOS graph statistics.
This lecture explores and demonstrates examples of SPARQL queries for identifying data integrity issues in SKOS graphs.
This lecture explores and demonstrates other useful example SPARQL queries.
This lesson exposes a standard high-level system architecture for knowledge graphs in the context of Knowledge Organisation Systems.
This is a continuation of the previous lecture on high-level system architecture.
In this lesson, we will see how to approach a data transformation problem to convert CSV data into SKOS structures by simple data manipulation in Microsoft Excel.
This is a continuation from the previous lecture on data transformation into SKOS graphs.
This is a continuation from the previous lecture on data transformation into SKOS graphs.
This is a continuation from the previous lecture on data transformation into SKOS graphs.
This lesson introduces the idea of overlaying custom ontology structures on top of SKOS graphs to extend domain description.
This tutorial demonstrates how to add custom ontology structures.
Instructions on how to add custom ontology structures.
This is a continuation from the previous tutorial demonstrating how to add custom ontology structures by importing other existing vocabularies.
This lecture briefly discusses other architectural considerations like an application's presentation layer and example libraries for graph visualisation.
Ontology files for download.
This lecture discusses aspects of information modelling that either fall outside the scope of SKOS or where SKOS needs to be extended in order to address.
This lecture talks about the difference between the two properties owl:sameAs and skos:exactMatch.
This lesson briefly exemplifies the use of SKOS-XL.
This is the final lecture in this series.
Download course slides.
Attributions, special thanks and disclaimer.
Every search engine, data catalogue and recommendation system rests on one thing: a structured way of organising knowledge. SKOS is how you build that.
We are all unwitting authors and users of taxonomies. They are a reflection of how the human mind makes sense of complexity — embedded in the technologies we build, the systems we navigate and the ways we describe the world around us. In the Information Age, that instinct for structure has become a professional discipline, and organisations across every sector are now exploiting taxonomy and thesaurus structures to architect data, capture meaning in computational form and power the systems that serve information to end users.
This course is a practical deep-dive into the Simple Knowledge Organization System — SKOS — a standard vocabulary developed and maintained by the W3C, and one of the most important tools available for building controlled vocabularies, taxonomies and thesauri. SKOS gives you a rich set of building blocks: concept trees organised as hierarchies, finer-grained concept breakdowns and lineage, concept schemes and collections, semantic relations for associating concepts, and mapping relations that allow you to curate, reconcile and mediate entities across multiple taxonomical models.
The result is the ability to take complex, messy domains of knowledge and organise them into structures that machines can reason over and humans can navigate — a skill that sits at the heart of semantic search, metadata management, enterprise vocabularies, data cataloguing, reference schemas and beyond.
What you will be able to do after this course:
Design and develop taxonomy and thesaurus structures using SKOS
Apply the full set of SKOS building blocks — concept schemes, collections, hierarchical and associative relations
Use semantic mapping relations to reconcile and mediate concepts across multiple taxonomical models
Build controlled vocabularies that underpin semantic search, metadata management and data cataloguing applications
Understand how SKOS sits within the broader Semantic Web Stack and connects to ontology development
Who this course is for:
This course is aimed at information architects, data professionals, knowledge engineers, ontology practitioners and anyone working at the intersection of data organisation and meaning — particularly those with an interest in semantic technologies and their practical applications. If you want to bring rigour and structure to how knowledge is organised and represented in your systems, SKOS is an essential addition to your toolkit and this course is the right place to start.