Materials Science and material processing, part 1

The lecture discusses the following topics. Stress types. Patterns of elastic and plastic deformation of single crystals. Elastoplastic deformation of single crystals. Mechanisms of plastic deformation of single crystals (foundations of dislocation theory), structural states. Main characteristics of dislocations. Slip and twinning systems in crystals. Patterns of plastic deformation of polycrystalline metals and two-phase alloys. Properties of cold worked metallic materials.

The lecture discusses the following topics. Transformations in metals under conditions of warm deformation. Recovery: rest and polygonization, patterns, conditions, and properties. Transformations in metals under conditions of hot deformation. Recrystallization: primary (formation and growth), collective, and secondary recrystallization, patterns, structure, and properties. Factors influencing hot plastic deformation of metals and their strain hardening. Superplasticity of metals: patterns, conditions, technologies.

The lecture deals with the destruction of metals. Influence of strain rate on the critical temperature of brittleness of alloys. Microcracking schemes. Examples of brittle cracking. Examples of brittle fracture. Ductile fracture patterns. Examples of ductile, brittle-ductile fracture and fatigue fracture. Diagram of the development of ductile fracture (a) and the structure of the fibrous fracture. Examples of brittle-ductile fracture: transcrystalline faceted cleavage, lath pattern, intergranular fracture. Static crack resistance characteristics: Power К1с, Кс, Deformation δ1с, δс, Energy Jlс, Jc. Fracture toughness.

The lecture discusses the definition, classification and purpose of metal alloys heat treatment types: annealing of the 1st and 2nd kind according to Bochvar, quenching, aging, tempering, normalization; heat treatment of steels; iron-carbon phase equilibrium diagram (cementite); main phases in carbon steels and their properties; classification and marking of carbon alloys. Effect of carbon and permanent (technological) impurities on the properties of steel.

The lecture deals with the transformation of perlite when heated; the concept of inherent and actual grain; the effect of grain size on the mechanical and technological properties of steel; transformation of supercooled austenite; diagram of austenite isothermal transformation; critical speed of hardening and factors affecting it; martensite, its structure and properties; the influence of carbon on the critical points of martensitic transformation and the hardness of martensite; austenite transformation on continuous cooling.

The lecture examines the types, purpose of steel temper; thermal improvement of steel; technological properties of steel: capacity for hardening and hardness penetration; thermochemical treatment of steel.

The present lecture gives a brief introduction into a large group of materials called “Smart Materials”. You will get a basic understanding of smart materials concept, the key types and applications of smart materials. Also, a concept of smart structures will be discussed.

In the present lecture, fundamental concepts laying behind the working principles of various groups of smart materials are discussed. The main attention is paid to piezoelectric materials and a concept of energy harvesting. Piezoresistive, and chromic materials are also discussed in brief.

This lecture reveals the fundamentals of shape-memory materials, self-healing polymers and their key applications. Special attention is paid to the shape-memory polymers as one of the promising groups of smart materials.

The 1st lecture discusses different mainstreams in nanomedicine. Classifications of the topic problems are various and include a great number of popular research topics such as bioceramics, targeted drug delivery, new materials and principals of biocompatible sensor systems.

Additional topic of the first lecture deals with variety of nanooparticles applied in nanomedicine, problems of their bioconjugation. Different materials for targeted drug delivery and contrasting are in focus of the 1st lecture.

Chemical sensor is a complex device which acts for a whole range of concentrations of the analyte, it should be specific and demonstrate high sensitivity to the key analyte. The 2nd lecture describe variety of biochemical sensors, their basic working principals and few examples of successful applications of smart nanomaterial-based biosensors in clinics. Electrochemical sensors, optical sensors, including SPR and SERS technologies, will be highlighted.

The lecture is focused on promising materials for living tissues engineering. The problem of the human body restoration is as old as a human society. Alchemists and medicines of the past were the first ones who tried to investigate abilities of the human body and its living mechanisms. Today the official medical practice still requires new methods and new materials to increase the life-span and improve the quality of human life.

In the current lecture you will know about perspective materials for bone restoration, dentistry, hydrogels, and new approaches for living sensory system developments.