
1. Qualities of leadership
a) Explain the role of effective leadership and identify the key leadership traits effective in the successful formulation and implementation of strategy and change management.[3]
1. Qualities of leadership
b) Apply the concepts of entrepreneurship and ‘intrapreuneurship’ to exploit strategic opportunities and to innovate successfully.[3]
1. Qualities of leadership
c) Apply, in the context of organisation governance and leadership qualities, the key ethical and professional values underpinning governance.[3]
2. Leadership and organisational culture
a) Discuss the importance of leadership in defining and managing organisational culture.[3]
2. Leadership and organisational culture
b) Advise on the style of leadership appropriate to manage strategic change.[2]
2. Leadership and organisational culture
c) Analyse the culture of an organisation, to recommend suitable changes, using appropriate models such as the cultural web.[3]
2. Leadership and organisational culture
d) Assess the impact of culture on organisational purpose and strategy. [3}
3. Professionalism, ethical codes and the public interest
a) Critically evaluate the concept of responsible leadership and the creation of public value by acting in the public interest.[3]
3. Professionalism, ethical codes and the public interest
b) Assess management behaviour against the codes of ethics relevant to accounting professionals including the IESBA (IFAC) or professional body codes.[3]
3. Professionalism, ethical codes and the public interest
c) Analyse the reasons for conflicts of interest and ethical conflicts in organisations and recommend resolutions.[3]
3. Professionalism, ethical codes and the public interest
d) Assess the nature and impact of different ethical threats and recommend appropriate safeguards to prevent or mitigate such threats.[3]
3. Professionalism, ethical codes and the public interest
e) Recommend best practice for reducing and combating fraud, bribery and corruption to increase public confidence and trust in organisations.[3]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
1. Agency
a) Discuss the nature of the principal-agent relationship in the context of governance.[3]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
1. Agency
b) Analyse the issues connected with the separation of ownership of an organisation from control over its activities.[3]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
2. Stakeholder analysis and social responsibility
a) Discuss, and critically assess, the concept of stakeholder power and interest using the Mendelow model and apply this to strategy and governance.[3]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
2. Stakeholder analysis and social responsibility
b) Evaluate the stakeholders’ roles, claims and interests in an organisation and how they may conflict and be resolved.[3]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
2. Stakeholder analysis and social responsibility
c) Explain social responsibility in the context of governance and sustainability for the public good.[2]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
3. Governance scope and approaches
a) Analyse and discuss the role and influence of institutional investors in governance systems and structures.[2]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
3. Governance scope and approaches
b) Compare rules versus principles-based approaches to governance and advise when they may each be appropriate.[3]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
3. Governance scope and approaches
c) Discuss different models of organisational ownership that influence different governance regimes (family firms versus joint stock company-based models) and explain how they work in practice.[2]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
3. Governance scope and approaches
d) Apply the general principles of the International Corporate Governance Network (ICGN)’s Global Governance Principles to organisations’ corporate governance.[2]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
4. Reporting to stakeholders
a) Discuss the factors that determine organisational policies on reporting to stakeholders, including stakeholder power and interests.[3]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
4. Reporting to stakeholders
b) Assess the role and value of integrated reporting <IR> and evaluate the issues concerning accounting for sustainability.[2]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
4. Reporting to stakeholders
c) Advise on the guiding principles, the typical content elements and the six capitals of an integrated report <IR>, and discuss the usefulness of this information to stakeholders.[3]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
4. Reporting to stakeholders
d) Describe and assess the social and environmental impacts that economic activity can have (in terms of social and environmental ‘footprints’ and environmental reporting).[3]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
4. Reporting to stakeholders
e) Describe the main features of internal management systems for underpinning environmental and sustainability accounting such as EMAS and ISO 14000.[2]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
4. Reporting to stakeholders
f) Examine how the audit of integrated reports <IR> can provide adequate assurance of the relevance and reliability of <IR> to stakeholders.[2]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
5. The board of directors
a) Assess the duties and roles of directors and functions of the board (including setting a responsible ‘tone’ from the top and being accountable for the performance and impact of the organisation):[3]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
5. The board of directors
b) Evaluate the case for and against unitary and two-tier board structures.[3]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
5. The board of directors
c) Describe and assess the purposes, responsibilities and performance of Non-Executive Directors (NEDs).[3]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
d) Describe and assess the importance of induction, performance appraisal and the continuing professional development of directors on the board.
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
e) Explain the meaning of ‘diversity’ and critically evaluate issues relating to diversity on the board of directors
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
5. The board of directors
f) Assess the importance, roles, purposes and accountabilities of the main board committees in respect of effective governance:[3]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
5. The board of directors
g) Describe and assess the general principles of remunerating directors and modifying directors’ behaviour to align with stakeholder interests: [3]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
5. The board of directors
h) Explain and analyse the regulatory, strategic and labour market issues associated with determining directors’ remuneration.[3]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
6. Public sector governance
a) Discuss public sector, private sector, charitable status and non-governmental (NGO and quasi-NGOs) forms of organisation, including agency relationships, stakeholders’ objectives and performance criteria.[2]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
6. Public sector governance
b) Assess and evaluate the strategic objectives, leadership and governance arrangements that are specific to public sector organisations as contrasted with the private sector.[3]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
6. Public sector governance
c) Explain democratic control, political influence and policy implementation in public sector organisations.[3]
PART B GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
6. Public sector governance
d) Discuss obligations of public sector organisations to meet the economy, effectiveness and efficiency (the 3 E’s) criteria and promote public value.[3]
1. Concepts of strategy
a) Explain the fundamental importance of strategy and strategic decisions within different organisational contexts.[2]
1. Concepts of strategy
b) Apply the Johnson, Scholes and Whittington model of strategic management –strategic analysis, strategic choices and strategic implementation.[3]
2. Environmental issues
a) Assess the macro-environment of an organisation using appropriate models such as PESTEL.[3]
2. Environmental issues
b) Assess the implications of strategic drift.[3]
2. Environmental issues
c) Evaluate the external key drivers of change likely to affect the structure of a sector or market.[3]
2. Environmental issues
d) Apply Porter’s Diamond to explore the influence of national competitiveness on the strategic position of an organisation.[3]
e) Assess scenarios reflecting different assumptions about the future environment of an organisation.[3]
3. Competitive forces
a) Evaluate the sources of competition in an industry or sector using Porter’s Five Forces framework.[3]
3. Competitive forces
b) Analyse customers and markets, including market segmentation.[2]
3. Competitive forces
c) Apply Porter’s value chain to assist organisations to identify value-adding activities in order to create and sustain competitive advantage.[2]
3. Competitive forces
d) Advise on the role and influence of value networks.[3]
3. Competitive forces
e) Evaluate the opportunities and threats posed by the competitive environment of an organisation.[2]
4. The internal resources, capabilities and competences of an organisation
a) Identify and evaluate an organisation’s strategic capability, its threshold resources, threshold competences, unique resources and core competences.[3]
4. The internal resources, capabilities and competences of an organisation
b) Discuss the capabilities required to sustain competitive advantage.[2]
4. The internal resources, capabilities and competences of an organisation
c) Discuss the contribution of organisational knowledge to the strategic capability of an organisation.[2]
4. The internal resources, capabilities and competences of an organisation
d) Identify and evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of an organisation and formulate an appropriate SWOT analysis.[2]
5. Strategic choices
a) Assess and advise on the different strategic options available to an organisation.[3]
5. Strategic choices
b) Assess the opportunities and potential problems of pursuing different strategies of product/market diversification from a national, multinational and global perspective.[3]
5. Strategic choices
c) Advise on how the 7 P’s, price-based strategies, differentiation and lock-in can help an organisation sustain its competitive advantage.[3]
5. Strategic choices
d) Apply the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) and public sector portfolio matrix models to assist organisations in managing their portfolios.[3]
5. Strategic choices
e) Recommend generic development directions using the Ansoff growth vector matrix.[2]
5. Strategic choices
f) Assess how internal development, business combinations, strategic alliances and partnering can be used to achieve business growth.[3]
1. IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT AND MEASUREMENT OF RISK
a) Discuss the relationship between organisational strategy and risk management strategy.[3]
1. IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT AND MEASUREMENT OF RISK
b) Apply the enterprise risk management (ERM) approach to risk management and for establishing risk management systems.[2]
1. IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT AND MEASUREMENT OF RISK
c) Identify and evaluate key risks, including environmental and climate-related risks, and their impact on organisations and projects.[3]
1. IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT AND MEASUREMENT OF RISK
d) Distinguish between strategic and operational risks.[2]
1. IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT AND MEASUREMENT OF RISK
e) Assess attitudes towards risk and risk appetite and how this can affect risk policy.[2]
1. IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT AND MEASUREMENT OF RISK
f) Discuss the dynamic nature of risk and the ways in which risk varies in relation to the size, structure, industry, sector and development of an organisation.[2]
1. IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT AND MEASUREMENT OF RISK
g) Assess the severity and probability of risk events.[2]
1. IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT AND MEASUREMENT OF RISK
i) Explain and evaluate the concepts of related and correlated risk factors.[3]
2. Managing, monitoring and mitigating risk
a) Explain and assess the role of a risk manager.[3]
2. Managing, monitoring and mitigating risk
b) Evaluate a risk register and use heat maps when identifying or monitoring risk.[3]
2. Managing, monitoring and mitigating risk
c) Evaluate the concept of embedding risk in an organisation’s culture and values.[3]
2. Managing, monitoring and mitigating risk
d) Explain and analyse the concepts of spreading and diversifying risk and when this would be appropriate.[2]
2. Managing, monitoring and mitigating risk
e) Advise on risk management strategies, including the use of the TARA model.[3]
2. Managing, monitoring and mitigating risk
f) Explain and assess the benefits of incurring or accepting some risk as part of competitively managing an organisation referring to the ‘as low as reasonably practical’ (ALARP) principle.[3]
2. Managing, monitoring and mitigating risk
g) Apply the concept of assurance mapping to modern risk management using the 'four lines of defence' [3]
1. Cloud, mobile and smart technology
a) Discuss, from a strategic perspective, the need to explore opportunities for adopting new technologies such as cloud, mobile and smart technology within an organisation.[3]
You will apply creative thinking to address social challenges, promote social justice, and respect ecological boundaries in their proposed solutions.
1. Cloud, mobile and smart technology
c) Assess and advise on using the cloud as an alternative to owned hardware and software technology to support organisation's information system needs.[3]
2. Big data and data analytics
a) Discuss how information technology and data analysis can effectively be used to inform and implement organisational strategy.[3]
2. Big data and data analytics
b) Describe big data and discuss the opportunities and threats big data presents to organisations.[2]
2. Big data and data analytics
c) Identify and analyse relevant data for strategic decisions on new product developments, marketing and pricing.[3]
3. Machine learning, AI and robotics
a) Explain the potential benefits of using artificial intelligence (AI), robotics and other forms of machine learning to support strategic decisions and the pursuit of corporate objectives.[2]
3. Machine learning, AI and robotics
b) Assess the risk, control and ethical implications of using AI, robotics and other forms of machine learning.[3]
4. E- business: value chain
a) Assess the organisation’s approach to delivering e-business.[3]
4. E- business: value chain
b) Assess and advise on the potential application of information technology to support e-business.[3]
4. E- business: value chain
c) Explore the characteristics of e-marketing using the 6 I’s of interactivity, intelligence, individualisation, integration, industry structure and independence of location.[2]
4. E- business: value chain
d) Assess the importance of online branding in e-marketing and compare it with traditional branding.[2]
4. E- business: value chain
e) Explore different methods of acquiring and managing suppliers and customers through exploiting e-business technologies.[2]
5. IT systems security and control
a) Discuss, from a strategic perspective, the continuing need for effective information systems control within an organisation.[3]
5. IT systems security and control
b) Assess and advise on the adequacy of information technology and systems security controls for an organisation.[3]
5. IT systems security and control
c) Evaluate and recommend ways to promote cyber security.[3]
5. IT systems security and control
d) Evaluate and recommend improvements or changes to controls over the safeguard of information technology assets, to ensure the organisation meets its business objectives.[3]
1. Management and internal control systems
a) Evaluate the key features of effective internal control systems such as those included in the COSO framework.[3]
1. Management and internal control systems
b) Assess whether information flows to management are adequate for the purpose of managing internal control and risk.[3]
1. Management and internal control systems
c) Evaluate the effectiveness and potential weaknesses of internal control systems.[3]
1. Management and internal control systems
d) Discuss and advise on the importance of sound internal control and legal and regulatory compliance and the consequences to an organisation of poor control and non-compliance.[2]
1. Management and internal control systems
e) Recommend new internal control systems or changes to the components of existing systems to help prevent fraud, error, waste or harmful environmental impacts.[2]
2. Audit and compliance
a) Examine the need for an internal audit function in the light of regulatory and organisational requirements.[3]
2. Audit and compliance
b) Justify the importance of an auditor independence in all client-auditor relationships situations (including internal audit) and the role of internal audit in compliance.[3]
2. Audit and compliance
c) Justify the importance of having an effective internal audit committee overseeing the internal audit function.[2]
2. Audit and compliance
d) Assess the appropriate responses to auditors’ recommendations.[3]
3. Internal control and management reporting
a) Justify the need for reports on internal controls to shareholders.[3]
3. Internal control and management reporting
b) Discuss the typical contents of a report on internal control and internal audit, including environmental and sustainability audits.[2]
3. Internal control and management reporting
c) Assess how internal controls underpin and provide information for reliable financial and sustainable reporting.[3]
1. Finance transformation
a) Discuss how advances in technology are transforming the finance sector and the role and structure of the finance function within organisations.[2]
1. Finance transformation
b) Evaluate alternative structures for the finance function using business partnering, outsourcing and shared or global business services.[3]
2. Financial analysis and decision-making techniques
a) Determine the overall investment requirements of the organisation.[2]
2. Financial analysis and decision-making techniques
b) Assess and advise on alternative sources of short and long-term finance available to the organisation to support strategy and operations.[3]
2. Financial analysis and decision-making techniques
c) Review and justify decisions to select or abandon competing investments. applying suitable investment appraisal techniques.[3]
2. Financial analysis and decision-making techniques
d) Justify strategic and operational decisions taking into account risk and uncertainty.[3]
2. Financial analysis and decision-making techniques
e) Assess the broad financial reporting and tax implications of taking alternative strategic or investment decisions.[2]
2. Financial analysis and decision-making techniques
f) Assess organisational performance and position using appropriate performance management techniques, key performance indicators (KPIs) and ratios.[3]
3. Cost and management accounting
a) Discuss, from a strategic perspective, the continuing need for effective cost management and control systems within organisations.[3]
3. Cost and management accounting
b) Evaluate methods of forecasting, budgeting, standard costing and variance analysis in support of strategic planning and decision making.[3]
1. Enabling success: organising
a) Advise on how organisational structure and internal relationships can be re-organised to deliver a selected strategy.[3]
1. Enabling success: organising
b) Advise on the implications of collaborative working and partnering, including franchising, process outsourcing, shared services and global business services.[3]
2. Enabling success: disruptive technology
a) Identify and assess the potential impact of disruptive technologies such as Fintech, including cryptocurrencies.[3]
2. Enabling success: disruptive technology
b) Assess the impact of new products, processes, service developments and innovation in supporting organisation strategy.[2]
3. Enabling success: talent management
a) Discuss how talent management can contribute to supporting organisational strategy.[3]
3. Enabling success: talent management
b) Analyse opportunities for organisational improvement using the four view POPIT (people, organisation, processes and information technology) model.[3]
4. Enabling success: performance excellence
a) Apply the Baldrige model for world-class organisations to achieve and maintain business performance excellence.[3]
4. Enabling success: performance excellence
b) Assess and advise on how an organisation can be empowered to reach its strategic goals, improve its results and be more competitive, focusing on its critical success factors (CSF).[3]
5. Managing strategic change
a) Evaluate the effectiveness of current organisational processes.[3)
5. Managing strategic change
b) Evaluate different types of strategic change and assess their implications.[2]
5. Managing strategic change
c) Establish an appropriate scope and focus for organisational process change using Harmon’s process-strategy matrix.[3]
5. Managing strategic change
d) Assess and advise on possible redesign options for improving the current processes of an organisation.[3]
5. Managing strategic change
e) Recommend a process redesign methodology for an organisation.[2]
5. Managing strategic change
f) Manage change in the organisation using models such as Lewin’s three stage model.[2]
5. Managing strategic change
g) Assess implications of change in an organisation using Balogun and Hope Hailey’s contextual features.[3]
6. Leading and managing projects
a) Determine the distinguishing features of projects and the constraints they operate in.[2]
6. Leading and managing projects
b) Discuss the implications of the triple constraints of scope, time and cost.[2]
6. Leading and managing projects
c) Prepare a business case document and project initiation document.[2]
6. Leading and managing projects
d) Analyse, assess and classify the costs and benefits of a project investment.[3]
6. Leading and managing projects
e) Establish the role and responsibilities of the project manager and the project sponsor.[2]
6. Leading and managing projects
f) Assess the importance of developing a project plan and its key elements.[3]
6. Leading and managing projects
g) Monitor and control project risks and slippages, recommending improvements.[2]
6. Leading and managing projects
h) Discuss the benefits of a post-implementation and a post-project review.[2]
This course covers a full syllabus of SBL. Learn 100% of the 138 topics within 12 hours.
1. The Strategic Business Leader (SBL) syllabus builds upon the technical knowledge from earlier ACCA exams and the ethical competencies developed in the Ethics and Professional Skills module. It comprises ten core sections, with an initial focus on leadership, professionalism, ethics, and corporate governance—foundational areas that underpin the rest of the syllabus.
2. The syllabus begins with the concept of effective leadership, emphasising responsible directors, ethical behaviour, and fostering corporate values. This leadership must be supported by sound governance and management structures. It examines the ethical responsibilities of senior managers and advisers, the importance of ethical frameworks, and their application in guiding professional conduct.
3. Governance is closely tied to leadership, with a focus on directors' responsibilities, committee structures, and accountability through mechanisms like integrated reporting. Once leadership and governance are established, the syllabus shifts to strategic planning—evaluating an organisation’s position, developing strategic options, and implementing them with a full understanding of associated risks.
4. Risk management is explored in depth, covering identification, assessment, and control. This leads to coverage of IT and security, addressing technological trends such as big data, machine learning, cloud computing, and cybersecurity, and their relevance in managing operations and protecting organisational assets.
5. The syllabus also includes organisational control mechanisms like internal audit, internal control systems, and compliance reporting. Financial management is another key area, with topics including financing options, performance analysis, and the financial implications of strategic decisions, alongside awareness of legal and taxation considerations.
6. A further section addresses enabling success through change management, talent development, project management, and the integration of emerging technologies that are reshaping business models.
7. Finally, the syllabus stresses the development and demonstration of professional, digital, and employability skills. These skills are essential for candidates to succeed in the SBL exam and to enhance their career prospects in a modern, technology-driven business environment.