UNIX/Linux Operating system - Beginner to Advanced

Discover the relationship between Unix and Linux, their history and flavors, how command line and graphical user interfaces fit into the operating system, and how they control hardware resources.

Trace Unix history from its MIT origins through Bell Labs and AT&T, to the Linux breakthrough by Linus Torvalds, and explore Unix flavors, open source, and Linux's prominence today.

Explore Linux user interfaces, including graphical user interface and command line interface, and learn how the shell enables writing and executing programs in a multi-user system.

Explore the architecture of a Linux system, including the kernel, system calls, shell, and applications, and learn how they interact to manage hardware, processes, and users.

Master Oracle VM VirtualBox to run Windows, Linux, or Mac OS X as guests on your existing computer, using hardware emulation and pre-built images.

Learn to install Linux using an Ubuntu ISO image in a virtual machine, allocate memory and disk space, configure user credentials, and enable full-screen mode after installation.

Learn to install linux using pre built images by importing a pre built linux image into a virtual machine, enabling immediate boot without a traditional installation.

Explore the Linux file system and boot process, including root directory structure, inodes, and how storage media and USB buses support file operations and default file systems.

Explore the unix/linux file system hierarchy, from the root to /bin, /lib, /etc, and /usr, and see how devices, kernel images, and user home directories organize the system.

Explore the Linux boot process from power-on self-test and BIOS through the Master Boot Record to loading the kernel into RAM, then starting daemons and core services.

Explore the graphical user interface of Linux, including icons, menus, windows, and applications like Firefox and office suites from the desktop.

Explore the Unix/Linux command line interface and shell for rapid tasks like user creation. Master bash basics, terminal shortcuts, and shell interactions with the kernel via system calls.

Explore Unix shell types, from the Bourne shell to the Bourne Again shell (bash), and how bash dominates across Linux flavors like Fedora with secure command usage.

Master bash keyboard shortcuts to quickly navigate the command line, moving to the beginning or end of the line, jumping between commands, and editing with control sequences and arrow keys.

Explore how bash uses environment variables, view and modify predefined variables like PATH, HOME, and LOGNAME, define custom variables, and export them for use in scripts and commands.

Learn the basics of ls, man, and pwd: list files with permissions, interpret user, group, and others rights, view file contents, and consult manual pages for command options.

Explore absolute and relative paths in unix/linux, using cd to navigate from / to home and beyond, understanding present working directory and path traversal.

Master Unix file viewing with cat, head, tail, and last; count lines with wc and pipes; compare less and more for paging; consult manual pages.

Explore Unix processes as the building blocks of the operating system and learn process basics, runlevels, and how the kernel assigns a unique process id, including fork and parent-child relationships.

Explore Unix's three user types: root (superuser), normal user accounts, and application or system accounts for services like mail and printer.

Explore how Unix handles user management through /etc/passwd, /etc/shadow, and group files, detailing user IDs, primary groups, home directories, and encrypted password storage.

Learn about the system default users and the root superuser, and how you manage access by restricting logins, changing passwords, and configuring account types using root privileges.

Create and manage users and groups on unix/linux, including home directories, password changes, and deletions, while using commands like who, w, last, su, and sudo to monitor activity.

Explore Unix process basics: what a process is, how the kernel assigns process IDs, parent-child relationships via fork, and how users create and manage processes.

Explore types of processes in unix/linux, including parent and child relationships, orphan processes, and daemon processes without terminals. Learn to inspect with ps -ef, top, and piping to head.

Explore the init process and how run levels control startup by defining predefined services. Learn the standard run levels 0 to 6, including single user, multi-user, and graphical modes.

Explore process attributes by examining start times, terminal association, and daemon processes, including how scripts and programs run as binaries and how bash commands reveal running instances.

Learn process management by listing all processes with top, monitoring resource usage, and using job control to run, background, or foreground processes while adjusting priorities.