Learn to Code by Making Games - Complete C# Unity Developer

Section notes as a Google Doc, you can download latest version as a PDF from the link if you wish.

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1YIUkHCqH8fNHR4ohrWXazteJt6eIH0QMGZ5iT1DcH9E

After watching this video you will be able to...

+ Respond to a player's key presses.

+ Explain what the `Start()` and `Update()` methods do.

+ Navigate Google and Unity docs with more confidence.

After this video you will be able to:

+ Make your programs behave differently depending on conditions using `if` statements

After watching this video you will be able to...

+ Give a basic explanation of "scope".

+ Use variables in appropriate scope.

+ Use "instance" variables for global access.

+ Use MonoDevelop's autocompletion to help you code faster.

+ **Declare** and **Initialise** variables.

After watching this video you will be able to:

+ **Refactor** your code in order to make it neater.

+ Create your own custom function.

In this video we'll clean up our game a little bit and make sure the game restarts properly every time. After watching this video, you will have learnt enough to build your own min console game in code :-)

In this video we will review the Number Wizard Console Game and what we learnt while building it. We'll also talk about how we could improve it and a few possible extensions. We'll then take a peek at what's ahead in the next section.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• What Text 101 teaches
• Increase our scripting skills (nearly 200 lines!).
• The basics of “finite state machines”.
• Invite you to create and share your own story.
• Build our game to the web.
• Share with the world.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Recap how to create and save projects
• Set Up and save your Text 101 project
• What gets 'carried over'
• Import your prison image asset
• Save your project

IN THIS VIDEO..

• Adding a UI > Text element to a scene
• Setting the camera background colour
• Moving and scaling your text
• How to programatically change text
• Challenge: Change text only on key press
• Challenge: Add and scale the image

IN THIS VIDEO...

• The structure of our “engine”
• What's an enum?
• Challenge: complete the story

• Update Your Update() Method
• Rename freedom to corridor_0

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Add New State Methods.
• Create your own text adventure.
• How to enable code folding in Unity.
• How to use Region to fold code.
• Local Play Testing.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Encourage you to create your own story.
• How to build for the web.
• Test your build locally.
• Share using GameBucket.io or similar.
• Post to the course discussions & Facebook.

• GameBucket - Home
• Complete Unity Developer Facebook page

• Upgrade to Unity 5.
• About Web GL builds.
• Build for Web GL and share.

• Recap and what's next
• Did you write your own story?
• Go on, be brave!
• Maybe ask a friend to write it?
• Build for the web.
• Share in the Udemy Discussions, or www.CompleteUnityDeveloper.com (link below)

In this section, we will go through building a basic User Interface consisting of simple menus. We'll be reusing the code from our previous section to recreate a visual Number Wizard game. After this section, you'll be able to add and modify scripts on objects in your game and create simple menus that respond to mouse input.

The Game design Document for the Number Wizard UI Game.

These notes are meant as supplementary material for Number Wizard UI.

In this video, we discuss basic Object Oriented Programming principles and introduce you to the terminology. By the end, you will be able to define the following terms in the context of Object Oriented Programming:

+ Class

+ Instance

Resources

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOLID_(object-oriented_design)

After Watching this video, you will be able to

+ Create and Save new Levels

+ Understand that Levels and Scenes are interchangeable terms

After watching this video, you will be able to:

+ Add a Canvas to a scene

+ Add Text to a Canvas

+ Position Text in a Canvas

After watching this video you will be able to...

+ Turn a UI Text object into a button by adding the button component

+ Get the text to change colour on mouseover and click

After watching this video you will be able to:

+ Create a new script

+ Attach Scripts to objects using various methods

+ Trigger function calls from UI buttons

After watching this video you will be able to:

+ Use `Application.LoadLevel()` in your scripts to load a new level

+ Use `Application.Quit()` in your games to quit the game

+ Understand when `Application.Quit()` Won't work as expected

After watching this video you will be able to:

+ Create your own Game Design Document (GDD)

+ Copy and paste scenes hierarchies for fast duplication

+ Understand the purpose and limits of a GDD

After watching this video you will be able to...

+ Import assets into a Unity project

+ Extract method from your code

+ Connect a script's methods to UI Objects

The `NumberWizard.cs` file to be imported for reference.

After watching this video you will be able to...

+ Change the text to reflect the computer's guess at the start of the game.

+ Use `Random.Range()` to generate random numbers

• Upgrade to Unity 5.
• About Web GL builds.
• Build for Web GL and share.

In this video, we talk a little more about the structure of the course and how you should approach the challenges. We also show you how you can send us feedback on the course and how to get in touch with us.

• 2D Collisions & destroying objects.
• Triggering SFX and music.
• Responding to mouse input.
• Automated playtesting.
• Build & share your own levels.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• How to use GIMP as an alternative to PhotoShop (link below)
• Selecting in Gimp
• Cropping and Scaling
• Adjusting Colour and Exposure
• Saving Your Image

• Researching brick sizes.
• Source an appropriate image.
• Edit our brick sprites.
• Create new project and import.

• Export the menus from Number Wizard UI.
• Import to this project.
• Customise the words & fonts.
• Wire up the buttons.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• How persistent music improves quality.
• Add a Music Player Game Object.
• Add a music track of your choice.
• Use GameObject.DontDestroyOnLoad().
• Test your music plays consistently.

• Sounds - Freesound.org

IN THIS VIDEO...

• How a static can help us here.
• Watch Unity's short video*
• Preventing duplicate music players.

SOME USEFUL LINKS...

• Unity 3D Statics

Explaining that we don't use the music manager again for a while.

• Introducing Script Execution Order*
• Exactly when do scripts get called?
• Debugging & explaining our music glitch
• A simple fix using the Awake() method

SOME USEFUL LINKS...

*http://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/ExecutionOrder.html

(NOTE YOU CAN CLICK THESE LINKS BELOW)

In this video...

• What z-depth means.
• The problem: sprites becoming semi-transparent or invisible for unknown reasons.
• The solution: look at the z-position of sprites relative to the background.

• Add a ball to your space
• Import the ball sprite to Sprites folder.
• Set a sensible “Pixels Per Unit” value.
• Place the ball in the middle of the play space.

• What are colliders
• If colliders overlap during a frame then…
• … messages may be passed by the engine.
• What is message passing?
• Signatures of messages passed
• Types of colliders explained

• Delete Music Player on Level_01 scene.
• Setting Game window to 800 x 600.
• Two handy keyboard shortcuts.
• Remove Canvas and Event System from Level_01.
• Make loose collider load next level.

• Add our brick sprite as a player paddle.
• Choosing our paddle collider type.
• Rigid Body 2D
• CHALLENGE: Add components to our paddle.

• What is a physics material.
• Add a bouncy material.
• Observe funky physics.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Using Input.MousePosition.x
• Screen.width to get screen width.
• Move the paddle this.transform.position
• Introducing float and Vector3.
• Using Mathf.Clamp to constrain paddle.
• Fix the paddle's “Pixels per unit” to 128.

SOME USEFUL LINKS...

• Start the ball sitting on the paddle.
• Capture the relative position from the editor.
• Respond to Input.GetMouseButtonDown(0).
• rigidbody2D.velocity to launch the ball.
• Using bool hasStarted to keep track.

• Setup all your play space wall colliders.
• Adjust the initial velocity and gravity.
• Understanding Gravity Scale

• What is a prefab in Unity
• Why prefabs are useful.
• Setting up your prefabs.
• How prefab linking works.

• How Edit > Snap Settings works.
• Snap initially to get on the grid.
• You can do this with multi-select.
• Hold cmd (ctrl) while dragging!
• Build your first level

• Make everything a prefab!
• Set Main Camera background to black.
• Move & group Loose Collider.
• Test by making new level.

• Why linking prefabs programmatically helps.
• Unity doesn't support “nested prefabs”.
• How to use GameObject.FindObjectOfType< >
• Link the ball to the paddle programatically.
• Challenge: do this for LevelManager

• Create Loose Scene, modify LooseCollider.cs
• Add LoadNextLevel() to LevelManager.cs
• Add all our levels to Project > Build Settings
• Modify Block.cs by adding SimulateWin()
• Test that game transitions between levels

• How the Destroy() method works.*
• Why we destroy gameObject not this.
• Challenge: only destroy on max hits

• Object Destroy - Unity scripting API

• Why a sprite sheet is useful.
• Key features of a sprite sheet.
• Creating sprites for partially broken blocks.
• Importing sprites into Unity.

• The affordance principle
• What is an array?
• Using arrays to store these sprites.
• Loading sprite when hit.

• What are tags?*
• Why tags are useful for keeping track.
• Tagging unbreakable bricks.
• Use tags to decide when level is won.

SOME USEFUL LINKS...

• Unity 3D Tags

(NOTE YOU CAN CLICK THESE LINKS BELOW)

• Why loading levels could be problematic.
• How a static Brick variable can help.
• Keeping track of breakable bricks in the level.
• Creating a simple BrickDestroyed “message”.
• Testing inc. when 2 bricks destroyed at once.

• Statics to detect win condition end state

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Using audio.Play() to play “boing” sound;
• Why AudioSource.PlayClipAtPoint useful.
• Using this for playing “crack”.
• Test & demonstrate.

SOME USEFUL LINKS...

• Playing sound effects on impact end state

(NOTE YOU CAN CLICK THESE LINKS BELOW)

• Create & tidy your levels
• Ensure Hierarchy is tidy in each level.
• Give each level a different 800x600 background.
• Play test all the levels.
• Ensure level order is right in File > Build Order.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Revising setting your Game window.
• How to tweak sound levels.
• Doing a test web build and playing locally.
• Revising building and sharing to web.
• Looking forward to seeing your levels!

• AudioSource - Unity Scripting API

• How to reproduce the problem?
• Debug to find the root cause.
• Make the fix, and re-test.
• Remove debug code.
• Challenge: Fix the bug

• What's a polygon collider.
• Why it can help us improve our game.
• How to manipulate polygon colliders.
• Challenge: Chamfer your paddle.

• The coding trade off triangle.
• Think about your future self on the project.
• Renaming a game object and class.
• Using Debug.LogError().

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Create a simple particle system.
• Make brick look like it goes “up in smoke”.
• Write code to trigger smoke puffs.
• Tweak the smoke prefab while play testing.

• Unity - Manual: Particle Systems
• Object Instantiate - Unity Scripting API

OPTIONALLY converting your project to Unity 5, and sharing with Web GL.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Recap and what's next
• Congratulations, you've learnt a lot.
• Make your own levels.
• Ask a friend to make levels.
• Care with commercial music.
• Share your creation in Discussions, or www.CompleteUnityDeveloper.com (link below)

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Laser Defender introduction
• What Laser Defender teaches
  • Animation basics
  • Using Trigger colliders
  • Introduction to Particle Systems

• Open our previous game and import the menu system
• Create a unity package
• Import package into Laser Defender
• Alternatively, we can use the unitypackage from the section bundle at the beginning of this section

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Find a suitable sprite asset
• Import into our game
• Create a Player Controller Script to move it
• Restrict the movement to the playspace

• OpenGameArt.org
• Kenney · Game development studio, Netherlands · Home
• Space Shooter Redux

• How to stop the spaceship from going outside the playspace
• We will check the position when moving and restrict it to something sensible

• Creating the enemy prefab
• Create an EnemySpawner that will generate enemies at runtime
• Make the EnemySpawner generate a single enemy on start

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Create a position within the EnemyFormation
• Use OnDrawGizmos() to show the position
• Turn the position into a prefab
• Change the spawning script to keep track of positions

• Showing the Formation in the Editor
• Show all four sides of the formation
• Move the formation side to side

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Fix the boundary issue with the formation getting stuck on the edge of the playspace

• Player object should spawns laser when [space] is pressed
• Create a laser prefab
• We use Instantiate() to create a new one
• We give the projectile velocity

What did we need to do to get the Laser Defender game set up? We'll review some of the key learnings and new concepts introduced.

• Enemies will respond to the projectile hitting them.
• We use Kinematic Rigidbody Triggers for the enemies
• On trigger, enemy takes damage according to projectile component
• Defining the projectile behaviour
• Detect laser collisions
• Getting the damage from the lasers

• Enemies will randomly shoot back with a tuneable frequency
• Make enemies shoot at the player
• Create enemy projectile
• Getting hit by the enemy
• Tuning the frequency

• Player shoots itself when firing!
• Lasers hit each other!
• We need the player's projectile not to collide with itself or the player
• We need the enemy projectiles to not collide with enemies or each other

• We need to know when all enemies are dead
• We use the childCount property of a transform on the positions - an empty position is a dead enemy
• We re-spawn the enemies when that happens

In this video we will:

• Learn how to use recursive functions for the first time
• Make something happen multiple times with a delay between each time

• Enemies should animate in, rather than appear
• Create an Animator and Animation Controller
• Create states to represent arriving and flying
• Add the appropriate animation

• The background looks a little barren
• Let's add a starfield with parallax effect to give some sense of depth
• We can use a Particle System to do this.
• Explore Particle Effects

• Requires Some object to keep track of the scores
• Create the UI for the score
• We'll create a ScoreKeeper that we attach to the score
• When an Enemy dies, we'll call the ScoreKeeper

• Adding sound to your game
• Will make a huge difference to our game
• Easy enough to do
• We'll look at playing sounds independently of an object, so that we can play a death sound for the enemies

• Sprite rendering order changes which sprites are drawn on top
• Lets missiles from the player be drawn below the ship when instantiated
• Create appropriate sorting layers
• Laser defender now with layers

• Replacing the menu style
• Passing the score to the ends

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Adding our own music to the game
• Adding a background starfield

• OpenGameArt.org
• Clearside home
• Clearside music

• Upgrade to Unity 5.
• About Web GL builds.
• Build for Web GL and share.

Here is our Unity project at this point in the section. Use it to compare code / settings etc if you get stuck. Once un-zipped you can use File > Open Project in Unity, or browse the folders for any .unity file.

You can get to ALL videos end-state by...

1. Visiting https://github.com/CompleteUnityDeveloper

2. Clicking on the section name.

3. Clicking XX Commits at the top-left (XX will vary)

4. Against the video you want, click the <> button on right.

5. On final page (example) click Download Zip button.

Good luck!

• Recap and what's next
• New in your toolkit
• Trigger Colliders
• Sprite Animations
• Particle Systems
• Physics Layers
• Sorting Layers

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

MAJOR: 2D Animation (frame, and rigged)

Minor A: Mobile compatible, no keyboard use.

Minor B: Components to make code extendable.

Minor C: Options Menu scene & PlayerPrefs.

In this video...

• What is a splash screen
• Why use a splash screen
• Singleton-free music manager
• Make you splash-screen
• Add music, and make Start Menu auto-load

• Fonts: dafont.com
• Sound: Freesound.org - Freesound.org

(Note you can click these links below)

IN THIS VIDEO...

• We're building for “mobile first” here.
• No use of keyboard, just tap & drag.
• Mobile device aspect ratios.

• Handling resolutions and aspect ratio of common mobile devices for web, application and game development
• Unity 3D - Manual: Rect Transform
• Unity 3D - Canvas Scaler

• An alternative MusicManager.cs architecture
• Customise your Win and Loose scenes.
• Test it all looks and sounds good.

• Customise Win and Loose Scenes.
• Add a new Options scene (blank for now).
• Add two buttons: “Back”, “Defaults”.
• Make Level_01 with “Win” and “Loose” buttons.
• Test all the navigation and music works properly.

• Adding a nice fade-in to the Start Scene.
• Giving-up on spelling loose / lose / whatever.
• Add background image to levels.
• Check it all flows / scales nicely.

• Canvas Scaler “Screen Match Mode”.
• Use a “Raw Image” & grass texture.
• Define play space, and quiet zones.
• Setup our Level with prefabs.

A brief talking-head video where Ben Tristem introduces how to use PlayerPrefs in Unity.

• What is PlayerPrefs, and why is it useful?
• Limitations of PlayerPrefs
• Why we're providing our own wrapper class.
• Create PlayerPrefsManager.cs static wrapper.

Ben recaps where we are, and continues building the PlayerPrefsManager.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Introducing UI sliders.
• Add volume and difficulty sliders.
• Create OptionsController.cs.
• Ensure sliders work.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• The sprite sheet (AKA sprite atlas).
• Comparison to bone-based animation.
• Importing & slicing sprite sheets.
• Making your first animation.

• The fundamentals of ratio math(s).
• What screen aspect ratios mean.
• How to convert between different aspects.

• Change to world space canvas for levels.
• Adjust grass tiling (using UV Rect).
• Add temporary “Core Game” panel.
• Translate & scale the level canvas.
• Adjust & prefab the camera.

• How animators, states & motion clips relate
• Adding multiple animation states & clips.
• Options for transitioning between them.
• Again, only animate one character for now.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Why my Lizard animation looked fuzzy.
• What to do about it.
• Max texture size for mobile devices.
• A bit about MIP Mapping while we're here.

• Mobile Max Texture Size
• TexturePacker - Create Sprite Sheets for your game!
• ShoeBox
• Glitch

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Introducing “bone based animation”.
• Using Gimp on Mac or PC to slice images*
• How to import and set pivot points.

*Same principles apply to any other image editor.

• Animating Position, Rotation and Scale.
• Challenge: create your bone animation(s).

• Different ways of animating objects
• Different ways of moving transforms
• Options for combining these.

• Animating the cactus from scratch
• Re-capping the 5-step process.

• Finishing the defender animations
• How to make a sprite face the other way.

• Finish our attackers
• How to access our code on GitHub.

• Giving our projectiles rotation in the animator.
• Giving them translation from the animator*
• Seeing the combined motion.

• GameBucket

IN THIS VIDEO...

• What's Unity Remote and why's it useful.
• Unity Remote 4 on app stores (iOS and Android)
• How to use it.
• It's limitations.

• Unity Remote 4

• Read music volume on load, improve Win & Lose.
• Catch 1st order error with autoLoadLevelAfter().
• Alternative fade without coding (thank Ryan).
• Save our scene of sprites & prefab everything.
• Our current project state is attached.

• Create an Attacker.cs component.
• Why this component model is useful.
• Tune our animation to avoid “moon walking”.

• Using OnTriggerEnter2D (Collider2D collider).
• Why we are using triggers not physics.
• Why we won't use the collision matrix this time.
• Adding appropriate colliders to all objects.

• The “what” and “why” of animation events.
• What methods can be called, and what can't.
• Modify Attacker.cs to accept speed events.
• Get animation transitions working for all attackers.
• Add “wishful” StrikeCurrentTarget() method.

• The different approaches to abstraction.
• The benefits of a component model.
• Get StrikeCurrentTarget() working.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Why a separate component makes sense.
• Create & attach Health.cs component.
• Test destruction, and initial play tuning.

• Three approaches to 2D projectile animation.
• Separate defenders from their projectiles.
• Animate projectile using script and animator.
• Fix-up defender animation states.

• Why fire by animation events.
• Create Shooter.cs for shooting defenders.
• Create FireGun() method in Shooter class.
• Attach a gun gameObject to spawn projectiles.
• Arrange for animator to fire projectiles.

• Why our Gnome fires too fast.
• Possible solutions to this type of issue.
• Why we choose to create a “fire” state.
• Fine-tune projectile size & spawn position.

• Make projectiles damage Attacker with Health.
• Setup a play space, and start tuning.
• Tweak damage and health levels.
• We'll play tune again later.

• Setting up buttons for defender (tower) selection.
• Initially they just toggle sprite colour.
• Setup DefenderSelector.selectedDefender static
• Test that static is set at start, and on button press.

(Unique Video Reference: 33_GG_CUD)

IN THIS VIDEO...

• The problem with the Projectiles placeholder.
• Useful blog article on best practices*
• A pattern for checking and creating.

• *Blog - Unity3D Best Practices

• Ensure existing defenders' colliders mask square.
• Calculate the world-units position of a click.
• Calculate the nearest play-space grid centre.
• Spawn the currently selected defender there.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Place enemy spawners.
• Decide how spawning is controlled.
• A word about the Flow Channel*
• Write script(s) to control spawning.

SOME USEFUL LINKS...

• *Game Theory Applied: The Flow Channel

• Find a way of defenders detecting attackers.
• Only shoot at attackers if ahead in lane.
• Modify Shooter.cs to make this work.
• Test that defender enter and leave “attack” state.

• Add a sun scoreboard to the game space.
• Star Trophy animation calls script to add sun.
• Write StarDisplay.cs class to update scoreboard.
• Write defender.AddStars(int amount) method.
• Wire these scripts together.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Assign a star cost to every defender.
• Prevent placement until you can afford it.
• Spend stars when defenders are placed.
• Use an enumeration to pass meaning.
• Rough play tuning to create a challenge.

• Remove lose test button.
• Create a lose collider.
• Setup lose triggering & transition.
• Improve lose screen.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Create a UI slider to visually show level progress.
• Make the slider to “count down” to level end.
• When time runs out…
• Show “You Survived” text, and play a sound.
• Auto-load next level.

• Tidy Spawner.cs > isTimeToSpawn()
• Adjust colliders so attackers hit defenders.
• Fix the gravestone animation transitions.
• Creates prefabs of our work.

• Display the defender cost on buttons.
• Tweak the spawn frequency of attackers.
• Adjust the health of attackers & defenders.
• Choose amount of damage for projectiles.
• Play and make sure it's a challenge.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Downloading & installing Android Studio.
• How to solve common issues.
• Check Android Studio loads.

• Android Studio

• Setting up Build Settings for Android.
• Deploying to Android device*
• Play testing on the device.

* You'll need a device connected with a USB cable.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Setup Build Settings in Unity.
• Build to iOS simulator (Mac “needed”).
• To build to physical device you “need” a dev kit.
• Briefly play-test, and note improvements.
• Share your creation with the world.

• Simplify by removing SetStartVolume.cs*
• Destroy tagged game objects on Win condition.
• … this also solves the “You Win” issue.
• Add a simple STOP button to game.

* Thanks to Marko for suggesting this.

• Upgrade to Unity 5.
• About Web GL builds.
• Build for Web GL and share.

About the Game Design Doc

• This part of the section notes is a simple reference for the important specifications of the game. • This is just for reference, we'll refer to it as needed during the videos.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Your Bowlmaster assets attached.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• What BowlMaster Teaches
• Manipulating a 3D world.
• Test driven development.
• Introducing Unity 5.

SOME USEFUL LINKS...

• Section Links

(Note you can click these links below)

IN THIS VIDEO:

• How to keep Unity 4.6.3 as well
• Installing the latest Unity 5
• A brief tour of what's different

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Get used to 3D controls.
• Create a bowling lane floor according to GDD.
• Set your main camera to look down the lane.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Blender is a 3D art program.
• We need it to import .blend files.
• It's amazingly powerful, but tricky to get started.
• You only need to install for this course, not use.
• www.CompleteBlenderCreator.com to learn more.

SOME USEFUL LINKS...

• www.CompleteBlenderCreator.com

(Note you can click these links below)

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Import our bowling pin from Blender*
• Learn about render and collider meshes.
• Create a pin prefab.
• Lay-out all 10 bowling pins on the floor.

* Find out more at www.CompleteBlenderCreator.com

(Note you can click these links below)

In this video...

• Create a 3D sphere of the right size.
• Apply a temporary texture so we can see it roll.
• Add a sphere collider.
• Add a Rigidbody (3D) and set properties.
• Make the ball roll down the lane.

• Floating Bowling Balls

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Create CameraControl.cs for the Main Camera.
• Make the camera track the ball.
• Stop when it gets close to the headpin.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Add Rigidbody to the pins.
• Adjust physics so that collisions work*
• Create new, richer pin prefab.

* We will make this more lifelike later

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Create a render texture* ready for camera output.
• Position a top-down camera looking at pins.
• Create a user interface panel.
• Embed a “Raw Image” with this render texture.

* http://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/class-RenderTexture.html

(Note you can click these links below)

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Add new UI > Panel ready for swipe gesture.
• Set scaling & anchors for UI panels
• Make sure it scales well.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Re-factor Ball.cs to create public Launch ()
• Write DragLaunch.cs component for ball.
• Wire the UI Panel's events to DragLaunch.cs
• Test new drag control system.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Add another UI panel at bottom of screen.
• Ensure this panel “occludes” the touch input.
• Add two arrows, for moving ball left and right.
• Write a simple method to allow this at start.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Overview the pinsetter and our end-goal.
• Setup “swiper” bar to tidy & reset pins.
• Add a “Swipe” animation for pin clearing.
• About animation sub state-machines.
• Managing pin tidying and resetting.

• Unity doesn't support “nested prefabs”.
• Care: the pins in Pins assembly are unlinked.
• Adding Pin.cs to the right place(s).
• About transform.rotation.eulerAngles.
• Writing code to detect if pins are standing

IN THIS VIDEO...

• About setting-up game object communication.
• Setup a simple UI Text display for pin count.
• Create a PinSetter box, and PinSetter.cs
• Continuously count standing pins.
• Only find standing pins after ball enters box.

Ben encourages you to keep going, even though the lectures are long, and the subject matter is more complex.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Use the PinSetter's trigger collider to detect ball.
• Only start counting upright pins when ball enters.
• Detect when pins have stopped wobbling.
• Update pin count display to green.
• Set lastStandingCount to -1 when settled.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Overview how Tidy & Reset will work.
• Modify the architecture of the game.
• Learn about sub-state machines.
• Learn about default transitions.
• Setup Tidy & Reset sub-states.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Add temporary UI Buttons for Reset and Tidy.
• Write RaisePins() to lift all the standing pins up.
• Write LowerPins() to lower them down again.
• Test state machines work properly.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• A bit more about Transform.Translate().
• Using the Step button to slow things down.
• The perils of moving static colliders.
• How default animation blends can cause issues.
• Warnings about moving motion clips around

IN THIS VIDEO...

• A reminder about Fixed Timestep.
• About bounciness & default materials.
• Issues of scale & effect on Physics Settings.
• Stopping rigidbody's passing through each other.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• About re-factoring your code.
• Single Responsibility Principle*
• Wider framework of SOLID.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Read how bowling scoring works*
• Draw an Object Communication Diagram.

Some useful links...

• *Bowling Scoring You Tube
• *Ten Pin Bowling Wikipedia

(Note you can click these links below)

IN THIS VIDEO...

• An overview of Test Driven Development (TDD).
• The Red > Green > Refactor loop.
• NEVER refactor with a failing test.

• Test Driven Development

IN THIS VIDEO...

• What Unity Test Tools are*
• How to find and install them.
• Setting up your first failing test.

• *Unity Asset Store

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Setup our ScoreMaster.cs class.
• Write our first few tests.
• Get the first frame scoring properly.

IN THIS VIDEO:

• Go through a few more TDD loops
• Remember Red > Green > Refactor
• Be strict with yourself, build the discipline
• Save a version snapshot regularly
• Have fun!

IN THIS VIDEO:

• Finish the Control Code
• Go through the Red > Green > Refactor loop strictly
• Focus your failing tests on edge cases
• Keep your ActionMaster.cs looking clean
• Stop when you're confident it's done
• Challenge the community to write a failing test!

IN THIS VIDEO:

• Failing tests challenge

IN THIS VIDEO:

• A brief overview of a TDD bug reporting cycle
• Creating relevant tests from user bug reports
• Sticking to the TDD discipline

IN THIS VIDEO:

• Connect PinSetter.cs to ActionMaster.cs
• Refactor PinSetter.cs to report pin fall
• Connect PinSetter.cs to the animator
• Remove the Tidy and Reset test buttons
• Ensure our game controls it's self now

IN THIS VIDEO:

• Recap the problem with the current setup
• Use OnTriggerExit () for objects leaving colliders
• Refactor PinSetters.cs for the new paradigm.

IN THIS VIDEO:

• Taking the time to refactor
• Being your own boss
• Our current architecture
• A target architecture
• Keeping our tests in place

IN THIS VIDEO:

• Removing unnecessary Unity Testing folders
• Importing an animated gif texture
• Quaternion.Euler() & Quaternion.Identy()
• Using a boolean flag to prevent dragging
• Using continuous dynamic collision detection

IN THIS VIDEO:

• Refactor your ActionMaster tests for new API
• Refactor your code to single responsibility*

SOME USEFUL LINKS...

• Single Responsibility Principle

(Note you can click these links below)

IN THIS VIDEO:

• Correcting a bug due to incorrect responsibility
• Create GameManager.cs and PinCounter.cs
• 'Weed' PinSetter.cs into these new classes
• Call the static ActionMaster.Next Action()
• Repeatably test everything still works ok

IN THIS VIDEO..

• An overview of the challenge (and delight) ahead
• Find and move ScoreMasterTest.cs to Editor folder
• Temporarily disable ActionMasterTest.cs
• Write cumulative scorer in ScoreMaster.cs
• Set THE challenge

IN THIS VIDEO...

• How we solved the scoring problem.
• A reminder that it's the destination that counts.
• How tests protect your refactoring.

“Make things as simple as possible, but not simpler”
Albert Einstein

NOTE: I use a for loop in my solution, which you can read about in the resources below. You can just as easily use a while loop.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• What golden copies are.
• Why they are useful for verification testing.
• Using the [Category (“Name”)] test annotation.
• Using binary search to find the failing test(s).
• Commenting our code for future readability.

• Rearrange your UI to make space for scores.
• Create your scoreboard.
• Wire-up your scoreboard.

• Break your whole game!
• Trace your bug via console.
• Discuss handling undefined states.
• Discuss isolating and fixing bugs.

IN THIS VIDEO...

• How to decouple code with try{}, catch{}
• Mainly used in file handling applications
• Could be used in a team so one could move on
• Isolating our ScoreDisplay.cs issues
• Making our game fail gracefully

• What it means to define a class as static.
• The perils (and advantages) of statics.
• Why we're using static here.
• Refactoring a class to be static.
• Learning to accept other people's code!

IN THIS VIDEO..

• Monobehaviour classes are hard to test*
• Code a testable static helper method.
• Create our testing structure.

• public static string FormatRolls (List<int> rolls)
• Write your own tests as you go.
• Stick to the red-green-refactor loop.
• Aim for 20 lines or less of beautiful code.
• Enjoy the process & share with [SPOILER].

IN THIS VIDEO...

• Stopping nudging ball off the floor*
• Make ball collisions detection continuous
• Suggestions for improvement

• * Thanks Yang

(Note you can click these links below)

• Fix display of spare on last bowl.
• Check that 0X displays properly.
• Talk about upgrading Unity Test Tools.

• Creating a stunning 3D terrain.
• Built-in character controllers.
• AI navigation and pathfinding.
• VR compatible HUD interface.
• Item pick-ups.

About this document...

• A brief specification of your game.
• Can change as you go along.
• Meant to help keep you focused
• … and to remind you of your original idea.
• We suggest you write one every time.

• Creating a stunning 3D terrain.
• Built-in character controllers.
• AI navigation and pathfinding.
• VR compatible HUD interface.
• Item pick-ups.

• Ensure you have Unity 5.1 or later installed.
• What's new in Unity 5.1
• What we'll be using in this section.

• Read the Game Design Document.
• How to setup your terrain.
• Some Unity terrain settings.
• Raising and lowering terrain.
• Painting textures on terrain.

• What is a First Person controller.
• Why would we want to use it?
• Using the standard First Person controller.
• Previewing your terrain from ground level.
• About slope limits.

• How to place trees on your terrain.
• How to paint grass details.
• About grass and billboards.
• Performance impact of grass.

• Using Unity 5's wonderful water prefab.
• Create a “water table” in your terrain.
• Dig down to create some water hazards.
• Paint mud under the water's surface.
• Preview water from the ground.

===

Full Lecture Transcript...

00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:07.940

Hey hey, welcome back! So, we're going to be adding a water table, and you are in for a treat,

00:00:07.940 --> 00:00:13.750

because Unity 5 comes with beautiful water shaders built in, for free now! So, let's

00:00:13.750 --> 00:00:17.980

take a look! We're going to be using Unity 5's wonderful water prefab to create a water

00:00:17.980 --> 00:00:22.680

table in your terrain. Water table

meaning a height in the terrain below

00:00:22.680 --> 00:00:27.240

which there is water, although you'll see

that it's just a surface, but let's take

00:00:27.240 --> 00:00:31.949

a look. Dig down to create some water hazards, paint some mud under the water

00:00:31.949 --> 00:00:37.530

surface even, and previewing the water from the ground. So, let's dive

00:00:37.530 --> 00:00:42.469

into Unity and take a look at this. Under your Standard Assets under Environment,

00:00:42.469 --> 00:00:45.030

if you've imported the package, which I

hope you have by now, you should

00:00:45.030 --> 00:00:50.330

have Water and Water Basic. Go for Water Water, that's the folder we're looking for.

00:00:50.330 --> 00:00:55.240

Standard Assets, Environment, Water, Water, and get a prefab, and we're going to go for

00:00:55.240 --> 00:01:00.340

WaterProDaytime, I think for now. They look very similar, by the way. If you drag

00:01:00.350 --> 00:01:05.330

that WaterProDaytime into the scene

and double click it, you'll see that it's

00:01:05.330 --> 00:01:09.470

made a little circle, but it'll have made a

circle in completely the wrong place.

00:01:09.470 --> 00:01:14.490

So, how high do we want this, for a start? Well, maybe 5 meters below our ground,

00:01:14.490 --> 00:01:19.610

so in my case that's at 45. So, that's looking a little bit better. Now, we need to move it

00:01:19.610 --> 00:01:23.680

into the middle of the terrain. So,

remember you can click the Y arrow to

00:01:23.680 --> 00:01:27.439

look at the world from above, and then,

move it roughly to the middle of your

00:01:27.439 --> 00:01:32.040

terrain. Look at your settings, remind

yourself how big your terrain is, if

00:01:32.040 --> 00:01:40.290

necessary go to Terrain Settings 600 by

600. Ok. So, your water, and I'm just going to call

00:01:40.290 --> 00:01:48.090

it Water Table, should be at 300 by 45 by

300, in my case. And if we use

00:01:48.090 --> 00:01:51.960

the Transform Tool, we can confirm there

that it is right in the middle of the

00:01:51.960 --> 00:01:57.960

terrain. Cool! So, the problem with it now is it's too small. So, what size does it need to be?

00:01:57.960 --> 00:02:02.939

Well, if we want it to go out to these corners over here then, it's

00:02:02.939 --> 00:02:10.500

going to need to have a radius of at

least 300, so 300 by 300.

00:02:10.500 --> 00:02:15.420

I'm sorry, the Y direction doesn't matter, because it's just a flat circle, but 300 is going

00:02:15.420 --> 00:02:19.270

to get to the edge here but it's not

going to get to the edges here. So, let's

00:02:19.270 --> 00:02:22.570

do a little calculation. How are we going to find out how big it needs to be to

00:02:22.570 --> 00:02:28.060

go to the edge? Well, it's going to be the

square root of 2, isn't it. If you're any good at

00:02:28.060 --> 00:02:31.840

math, you'll know that it's going to be

the square root of 2, which is 1.4

00:02:31.840 --> 00:02:42.540

times the 300. So, 425 will do. If we make a scale 425, in both directions,

00:02:42.540 --> 00:02:48.350

X and Z. Boom! Now, we have a water

table that is just as big as our terrain.

00:02:48.350 --> 00:02:53.000

It just about touches the edges of the

terrain, and wherever the terrain is lower

00:02:53.000 --> 00:02:56.930

than that, it will intercept the water

table. So, let's go right down to the

00:02:56.930 --> 00:02:59.790

FPS Controller and have a quick look

around, to start with.

00:02:59.790 --> 00:03:04.880

Now, if you've got any low-lying areas, like this big hole I'm heading over towards at breakneck speed

00:03:04.880 --> 00:03:10.700

over here, then, you're going to be in for a treat in a minute, because we're going to get Unity 5's wonderful

00:03:10.700 --> 00:03:19.240

water shader in our face. Look at that! And without even making any changes to the settings, it's already not looking half bad.

00:03:19.240 --> 00:03:24.640

Look at that! How cool is that? And you can look back at the Sun and have lots of fun. Now, we're going to

00:03:24.640 --> 00:03:28.880

improve the lighting, we're going to do all sorts of things, but I just wanted to show you how nice the

00:03:28.880 --> 00:03:35.160

water shader actually is in here. So, what that's done is it's put a water circle underneath the

00:03:35.170 --> 00:03:40.120

entire terrain, at a fixed height. Now,

anywhere that you decide to go and drop

00:03:40.120 --> 00:03:44.230

the height of the terrain, now the water

will appear, which is what I meant by a

00:03:44.230 --> 00:03:49.670

water table. So, you might want to create

some water hazards, some water areas, where

00:03:49.670 --> 00:03:54.010

your zombies are going to attack you,

and you don't want them to get across the

00:03:54.010 --> 00:04:01.370

water. So, as you drop the terrain, it will

automatically now create water

00:04:01.370 --> 00:04:06.840

effectively. You're going to end up with some trees. So, remember you go to trees, and you hold

00:04:06.840 --> 00:04:13.190

down Shift and you just delete trees

like that. Ok. And then, your FPS controller you may

00:04:13.190 --> 00:04:20.400

want to move across into say the middle.

Where is the middle? 300 by 300.

00:04:20.400 --> 00:04:25.760

Let's see where we end up, probably in

the water. Now, we're stuck underwater. Now, when

00:04:25.760 --> 00:04:31.460

you're underwater, it doesn't look like you're under water, because it's just not how the renderer

00:04:31.460 --> 00:04:35.310

works. And later on, we're going to put some colliders in, so that if we actually end

00:04:35.310 --> 00:04:39.990

up in the water we die, but in the meanwhile, I just want to show you how cool this looks, hey. Really coming

00:04:39.990 --> 00:04:46.320

together nicely. Now, there are some settings on your Water Table Prefab, let's look at it. It has a Water Plane Mesh,

00:04:46.320 --> 00:04:52.949

which is slightly different to a Normal Mesh. It has some materials here, it also has a

00:04:52.949 --> 00:04:57.880

Water Script, and you can choose whether

it's Reflective, Refractive,

00:04:57.880 --> 00:05:01.840

or Simple. So, if you go reflective then, it only reflects off the surface.

00:05:01.840 --> 00:05:06.400

I kind of prefer that actually, and I'm

probably going to leave mine reflective.

00:05:06.400 --> 00:05:11.540

But if you do want to better see under the

surface, you can make refractive water, which is

00:05:11.550 --> 00:05:14.800

even more complicated. Now, that will

reflect off the surface, but it will also

00:05:14.800 --> 00:05:19.370

show into the water. It's up to you which one of those two you use. I've never seen water quite

00:05:19.370 --> 00:05:24.440

this clear, so I think I'm going to just

go with reflective. The other benefit of

00:05:24.440 --> 00:05:28.760

going with reflective is, if you're with

refractive then, you have to start going

00:05:28.760 --> 00:05:32.660

in and painting under the water,

otherwise it looks silly. So, if we go to

00:05:32.660 --> 00:05:37.100

this area here, it looks silly for there to be grass growing under the water.

00:05:37.100 --> 00:05:41.300

You could of course go to your terrain, your Paint Tool, get your muddy widget here.

00:05:41.300 --> 00:05:47.460

Maybe a smaller brush, and you could paint mud under the water surface, diligently in

00:05:47.470 --> 00:05:50.479

all of your ponds. Now, if you've got the

patience for that, well then I commend you,

00:05:50.479 --> 00:05:57.679

and that would be great and it would look a lot better. But if you look in there, it's still ridiculously clear water

00:05:57.680 --> 00:06:02.780

isn't it? So, unless you've got a setting in the water for how clear the water is, I would suggest

00:06:02.780 --> 00:06:05.210

you just go Reflective water. It's entirely up to you.

00:06:05.210 --> 00:06:08.930

Alright and then, you can choose various other things, which I don't think

00:06:08.930 --> 00:06:12.250

we need to be messing around with now.

You've also got some options under

00:06:12.250 --> 00:06:17.490

WaterProDaytime here, which we can look at, but It's best off if we can see the game view.

00:06:17.490 --> 00:06:26.020

So, I'm going to unmaximize on play, click play, go to the water's edge like so. Now, I can mess

00:06:26.030 --> 00:06:30.930

around with the Water Scale, and that changes the Wave Scale of the water. In fact, I recommend

00:06:30.930 --> 00:06:34.509

a slightly lower Wave Scale. So remember, if you make these changes in

00:06:34.509 --> 00:06:37.699

Play Mode it's going to forget them when

you get out. And unfortunately, being a

00:06:37.699 --> 00:06:41.940

shader you can't copy these things, so you're just going to need to remember them. So you've

00:06:41.940 --> 00:06:46.320

got your reflection distortion here,

which is changing how much it's distorting

00:06:46.320 --> 00:06:50.690

those trees. You see, if I put it down to 0,

you see how kind of glassy it is.

00:06:50.690 --> 00:06:53.820

So, that's cool! Refraction Distortion is not going to make any difference here, because we've got a

00:06:53.820 --> 00:06:59.770

purely reflective shader. Alright so,

that's the shader, which is the thing

00:06:59.770 --> 00:07:02.880

which is responsible for choosing how

that surface of the water looks.

00:07:02.880 --> 00:07:06.979

The water is actually just flat, and the

shader is very cleverly making it look

00:07:06.979 --> 00:07:12.160

like it's not flat. So, play with the

properties of your water yourself, and

00:07:12.160 --> 00:07:15.509

get your water looking how you would

like it to look.

• Moving scene view to character view.
• Adding fog to your scene.
• Add a lens flare to the sun.
• Add a flare layer to the FPSController camera.

• What is a Navmesh.
• Setting up a terrain Navmesh.
• About bake settings.
• Bake our NavMesh.
• Preview to ensure it suits our terrain.

• Using a reference cube in your scene.
• Setting your first person character eye height.
• Checking character scale against environment.

• Setup player spawn points in hierarchy.
• Update FPSController prefab before deleting.
• Create a PlayerSpawner.cs script.
• Arrange for player to spawn randomly on Start()

• About the Unity Input Manager.
• Create input for view zoom (default v).
• Create input for call helicopter (default h).
• Give both inputs basic 'placeholder' behaviour.
• Preventing duplicate key presses.

• About 3D sounds.
• Attaching and tweaking your first 3D sound.
• Arranging simple helicopter landing.
• About 2D / 3D Spatial Blend.
• Using multiple audio sources.

• Introducing Unity's Mechanim system.
• Exploring how Ethan is constructed.
• Finding the rigging and muscles tool.

• An overview of how Ethan is animated.
• About re-targeting animations.
• Introducing Blend Trees.
• What is Inverse Kinematics (IK)?

• A little about Earth's orbit.
• Coding a simple day-night cycle.
• Using a time scaling parameter.

• Looking for a suitable landing place.
• Which type of collider to detect a clear area?
• Creating a simple system.
• Our vision for the game.

• Introducing SendMessageUpwards()*
• Creating a message for the helicopter call.
• Making the helo respond to the message.

• Using an inner voice to guide the player.
• Recording some sound prompts.
• Triggering sound prompts at the right time.
• Handling multiple AudioSources.
• Using audio priority.

• BroadcastMessage() sends down the hierarchy.
• Creating a natural parent RadioSystem object.
• Creating a new child of player called InnerVoice.
• Reduce to one Audio Source per game object.

• Sending messages up and down the hierarchy.
• Using Invoke() to delay audio playback.
• Writing RadioSystem.cs for radio communication.

Recording dialog placeholders.

Remember you may need a .mp3 licence*

About normalizing sound volume.

Organising and attaching audio.

• Creating a landing area prefab.
• Using the flare particle effect.
• Setting the game to start at dusk.
• Making the player deploy the flare.

• What we've left-out and why.
• Checking our project is tidy.
• How to compact your Unity folder.
• Finding our code on GitHub.
• Over to you.

The end state of our Zombie Runner project is attached for download.

In this video Ben Tristem explains what you will learn about Unity 5 in this tutorial section, including...

• How to build a 2.5D game in Unity.
• How to save your game to PlayerPrefs.
• Using World Space UI in a 3D game.
• More about using anchors for a responsive UI.
• Making your game cross platform in Unity.

A PDF of the slides used in this section.

• Why you may want to use version control.
• An overview of how we use it.
• Follow us on GitHub.
• Where to find the course repositories.

• How Git can help you share your project.
• How we use Git for the course.
• What's different about how you may use it.
• Read Dan's blog post*

http://leereilly.net/2012/11/29/hosting-games-on-github.html

• Download SourceTree
• Creating local & remote repos.
• Using a .gitignore file for Unity.
• Connect to GitHub (or BitBucket).
• Share your repo in the discussions.

• What is CrossPlatformInputManager.
• How a virtual control layer works.
• Setting-up an reading control values.

• About using gamepad input.
• Setting up a PS4 controller on a Mac.
• Using an Xbox controller on a PC.
• Using the input gravity setting.
• Other input settings such as sensitivity.

• Import the Characters standard asset pack.
• Use the RollerBall prefab game object.
• Using physics freeze position constraints.
• Explore the control options.

• An overview of replay systems.
• Deterministic vs. non-deterministic replays.
• An overview of how we will do things.
• Introducing a circular (ring) buffer.

• Why we're not using Unity's Keyframe struct*
• Comparing classes and structs as options.
• Creating our own MyKeyframe struct.

http://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/Keyframe.html

• An overview of our replay system code.
• Implementing a ring buffer for frames.
• Testing our record and playback.

• Create a simple Game Manager.
• Use it to keep track of recording / playback.
• Wire it to the ReplaySystem.cs script.
• Test playback.

• Create a simple Game Manager.
• Use it to keep track of recording / playback.
• Wire it to the ReplaySystem.cs script.
• Test playback.

• Dig-up your old PlayerPrefsManager
• Add code to handle level unlocks.
• Create a simple proof of concept.

• Reading from 3rd and 4th joystick axis.
• Import & explore “selfie stick” prefab.
• Write code to make camera track player.
• Write code to make right stick orbit the camera.
• Test it’s all working.