Detailed Proportions

All right. So in this lesson we're gonna go a lot more detail about the proportions of the human figure about differences between the male and female. So the first thing want to do when this is the simplified human skeleton. And honestly even to learn the muscles this is really all you need do. All you need to master but if you want to go to master Skelton is to learn how the bones and go you can do that as well. So first we want to do is one star of the straight line. Now if you're you if using some like Photoshop that means just grab a pencil tool and then you want to just click we're going where you gonna start and then hold down the shift key and this pull it straight down and that will draw a nice straight line. If you're using a ruler or pencil and paper then use a ruler and draw a straight line. It's very important when you first start drawing the human figure anything that you master proportions and therefore you have to measure it's it's really actually I really recommend if you can use pencil paper when you first learning this to actually sit down pencil paper and measure with a ruler and then depending on how big a paper is. I would just measure a half inch between each of these segments here. So you want to get used to though cutting in half. So first we want to do is you want to make a line here. That's the halfway mark that you want to cut. This and this and half then you want to cut this and this and half then you want to cut this top in half to make the head and honestly a lot of this stuff you don't have to cut in half. But this is really really the most those the most important points you need. But I recommend just go ahead and make all the segments. Now the reason why you want to practice doing it that way is that's how you can kind of visualize when you're drawing and to kind of go OK here's the halfway mark you know and then you're gonna be like where's have a march in here and here halfway mark between there and there and that's how you get your head your head height. That's how I recommend doing it. But you want to measure it first. So it's very important so first you know take you know take the measurement between here and here and just go OK. So. So first measure like Make a line that let's say is four inches tall so make a line that's four inches tall or eight eight inches tall. However you want to do it. If you do four inches tall then each of these segments are going to be a half inch. If you do eight inches tall each of these segments will be an inch tall. This is super important. Why why I'm going through this because I can't stress enough this is something I notice that a lot of new students they skip over the measurement part and you can't do that. It's super important to do the measurements because this trains your brain to understand these proportions and draw these proportions correctly so after you do several drawings this way with the measurement then try to do without that measurement just go OK I'll make a line just make it however big you want it I recommend just doing thumbnail sizes and just kind of eyeball the halfway point back OK. Right about something like this is the halfway point and then use something to measure that. You know you take a ruler out or I just use the marquee tool in photoshop or something and make that length and then pull this down and see if it's the same thing. So it's pretty close but still a little bit off. You'll start to kind of get a feel for if you're where you're off at usually if you do a bunch of these you'll you'll find out that you know where you're off at. That is me personally I'm usually off when I when I make a line like access by just uses when I make a line like this. And then I try to eyeball it and I want it there for halfway point I usually know that this part is shorter than this part that's used as usually what I do. So then I just go camping to correct for that and pull a bit lower. Now this looks longer to me now but it's probably a lot closer and actually I saw that right. That's good and so access play right where had the first time and then it gets pretty close. And so that's when I start doing and if it's a little bit off it's fine but you know because you're if your fingers are still not really good. But at first you want to measure it so that this gets better and better. So you'll you'll do you'll do some from mind do some from mind measurements you know different different size lengths and then double check it afterwards if you don't have this and use a ruler double check it and see that was pretty close just a hair off which is fine. You want to get that close so don't stop measuring until you can do that consistently until you can measure and every now and again you still want to especially for not drawing for a while do the measurements I know it's boring but do the measurements get get it get it exact and then you know do a couple practice lines and then get the halfway mark and then measure it make sure how close you were once you can you know do that then that's when you can stop measuring. But again every now and again you still want to measure because you want to keep your mind fresh. All right. So here's the halfway point. So measure that. So after you measure the line let's say look we'll go eight inches tall safety measure like eight inches tall. Then cut this in half. I recommend first try to cut a half visually and then measure it and make sure it's right and then erase it and make sure it's right. That way you're training a brain to get this down. And so this will be the 2 inch mark. This is a 1 inch mark like that. And so at the top you're after you have all the measurements anyway to measure the halfway point between here and here. Again it can be two inches like that two inches and two inches and that's where the knees are going to be anyway. So the first thing the most important part is this halfway point and the top points the top point where to make her head. Now people always always ask Mike how why don't make the head I see people make heads really white like that. I see people make heads too thin. Typically the mistake I see most is people make heads too wide when they're drawing their heads. So how do you get the width of the head. That's a question I get often. So to get the width of the head we want to do is take the length right here and divide that in half and that right there is the width of the head. I would put the head that the heads turned right. So how do you do that though because this line is like this. You know how do I get the halfway point well you can just measure like this and measure this distance. And that's how wide you want your head to be. And so I could just really just make a little line like that. OK. That's how wide it should be. And then you can kind of just you know eyeball that that same with like this. That's one way to do it to get something close. Another way to do it is just measure it with an actual ruler. We want to get good eyeballing but you still eyeball and then measure makes sure how accurate you are. So you can just measure this distance from here to here with a ruler and then turn your ruler sideways at that same distance which will be a quarter inch in this case or in this case if these are if these are inches then then the head will be a half inch wide will go in. Put that in there and make that a little bit thinner actually. Why isn't on doing okay. There we go. I'm just kind of lightly mark out my two Marks here just kind of marked it in there. There we go. Now for now we we just gonna do a rectangle for a hat. Don't don't worry about getting details. This is this is all we need. We need to learn the proportions you learn the sizes of things and how those sizes relate to each other. And that's why I teach in relation to each other because then when you're drawing him in figure if you start out with it you start with the rib cage. Once you learn the relationship of things. Right. So if you if I start at the rib cage I can start with any body part I want you because I know how they all relate to each other and so I know that for example the the arms are related to the rib cage half of the half the rib cage. So now I go OK so if I have my collar bones up here I know that if I have my arm like this that this from here to here is half of the arm which is rib cage so I can take that same distance come down here and I know that's the rest of my arm and then I'll have my wrist and or my my hand. I know my hand is almost the length of the head so like I said I know my hand is almost length of the head that is if my eyebrows are somewhere around here. This is about the length of the hand and you can see that scene. It almost comes a little bit past your eyebrows you put your palm on your chin little out but that's typically how big a hand is. So I will go out and race this easy way do this photoshop is just lasso tool edit cut. I'm not teaching how to use photoshop so that's why I'm not showing all that it's important to see what we're drawing right so next is we want to figure out well what could work what's the next thing in the body. So this is really important. I think the next thing to figure out is where the rib cage goes and the pelvic bone goes I like to figure out what the rib cage goes first. So the rib cage we know it's going to go just a little bit below the head. Now the easy way to figure this out is take the distance between the bottom of the head and this next segment here. Right. That was that halfway segment that we are you sorry you have a little mark there because you measured the halfway mark to get the next after mark for the head. You want to take that halfway mark and we want to divide that in half which is right about here and then you want to take this distance so first we take this step at distance we divide half then we take this distance or divide it in half right about there and that's where that's about where you know the. Sometimes I'll I'll even divide this and have one more time so that good it looks like this divide this and half right. Then divide this segment half then divide this lower segment half like that if you want to get it really accurate that's the way you can do it like so we're going to race these other lines that we don't get confused I elated to just draw a little a little circle right here if you want you can even draw this a little next shape like that the neck will be thicker than that but if you want something there you can draw something or just draw a straight line it's up to you. Right so the next part is how do we figure out where the rest of the rib cage goes. Well this is why I like to use the arms related to the rib cage and so but how wide do the arms go out. How do we decide all that well this is super important so what we don't want is we don't want anything except for maybe the shoulders to go outside the width of our head. So if we take that same with the width of our head and we put it out here which is going to be here and about here. Now this is really important measure so if your head is an inch tall make sure each of these segments are half inch tall. This would be one and a half in 1 2 1/2 inches length. If your head is it an inch tall OK really important that all this is is measured out it's better to go less wide that is to go wider if you know so get used to make and everything just maybe a little bit close again we want to take this this line will and divide that again. This was a really important line when drawing a human figure like so to draw perfectly straight lines again a lot of programs if you hold down shift and then draw it'll draw a straight line obviously use a ruler if you're using pencil or pen now this outer line this is the the widest line. That's that's like where the maximum amount of the muscle tissue and stuff go out in our stick figures never going to go out that far. But as far as a shoulder width if you were drawing a male figure then after you draw in the color bones in the arms and shoulders all that his muscles would extend out here his actual flesh but his bone structure will not so the bone structure we only want to take out to these other lines so we took this. That's the width of the head and we divided that in half. That's all we got this other line here let's now draw the collarbone coming out to this line. I know this seems tedious but it's important. This is. That's why I gave you first the difficult a quick rundown of this and I'm going in more detail to explain why all this is because I think it's important to understand why you're doing something not just how to do it but why you're doing it. That will help you then draw at the things like draw the figure from different heights and stuff it means you can just log logically figure that out with the relationships I'm teaching now. This represents the caller about. That's as far as I want to go is to these lines here. Don't go out here. It's important what you're figured a look right. That's the biggest mistake I see is people draw things too wide or mostly it's too wide or they'll they'll get the halfway point wrong because they're not measuring. So it's super important to measure. I know I'm drilling in your head and I'm not sorry for it because it's super important all right. So now to figure out the length of the rib cage it's related to the arm right. Like I said over there. So this is how this is how I can start with rib cage because the rib cage is arbitrary. How big I make this thing it's arbitrary right. The arms have to relate to that and that's how I can get like and get really interesting figures like what if I draw a rib cage like this like really long. That's strange right. But if I draw the arm like that I know my arm has to be this long. Doesn't have to be if I'm drawing a caricature caricature but then I'd have a really long pelvic bone too right. So this is a really tall skinny person and that they're going to have this really interesting look to them but you'll get a feel for the rib cage is like an oval shape but until you control the the shape of the rib cage which is basically Oval but like that that's off that's fine. You can just draw this method first and then you'll get taken to the rib cage first. All right let's draw some balls underneath here represents the where the this bone here the humerus bone which is likened to the femur bone down here. All right. So now we've got to go from this point to the halfway point. Now you can stop this line a little bit up. So that same length for the neck basically you take this point divide and half divide and half and you could start the risk there or even divide that half again. You could start the rest there just a little bit higher than the halfway point halfway point where where the cross line is. And that's also accurate. You can do it that way but this is easier memorize come right down to the halfway point and a lot of people's risk do come down to the crotch. So it just depends on the kind of you know character person you're drawing. Now this halfway point here. So this line that's that's going to be here when you divide this in half the to take this in this in half. So basically if this is with work in inches this is one inch so one inch from the crotch line up that is about where the bottom of the rib cage goes but it goes a little bit higher than that. But another way to understand that is related to the arm. If you take this arm length from the shoulder down to the wrist and cut it in half so cut that in half. This is this is going to take some practice of getting good at cutting that exactly in half and then I like to always double check myself like that's what's at that right there is a halfway point. So I got it I got it right on there and I can just draw a circle around that shape around that line right there just to represent the halfway mark. I like that little ball joint. This is the upper arm. This is where the shoulder and bicep go. This is where the forearm muscles go the shoulder is also about the halfway point like that. And then the bicep fits in the rest and the Peck muscles usually go about their we'll learn that later to another line on the other side. And again just come straight across there bam you're halfway part that's how you figure out the arms will go to the hands a little bit the rib cage. Now we know the rib cage goes rib cage is going to fit into this area. It's not going to go wider than this line right here. Then these lines so soft and go wider than those lines. That's the that's the. Why does he want to draw your rib cage. Don't go don't go wider than that. Now we could draw the arms out a bit further just we can have a rib cage looking cooler so what I'm a do is I'm going to go like this. I'm I'm just come come out. My arm just a little bit wider here. Like that and my halfway point like that and like so. Right. So how we get the rib cage now then is we want to draw a line it's a little below that part right about there and getting a C in relation to the to this part here. It's just a little bit higher than than this line. So crotch bites we imagine eight segments again. You have one two three four five six seven eight like that you have eight segments. Nine lines about eight eight. There's eight segments in here right. So one segment up from the halfway point right here a little bit higher than that. That's where the rib cage is the fall down. Just if you want to keep in relation to the to the crotch that's how it relates to the crotch how it relates to the arms. Is that halfway point pretty much marks the bottom of the rib cage just make it a tad bit lower than the halfway mark just a little bit lower and someone just draw a line in here like that. No I don't want to go wider than this and so I start my rib cage up here. I'm going to come down like this right to that part where I'm almost touching that line on each side that creates the upper shape and they want to start to curve in like that's you're kind of making an oval and that's basically the shape of the rib cage and then you just want to come up a little bit like this if you want the exact placement of that. This segment this segment it's about a little bit above the halfway mark between those two segments and then this right here where the sternum is right. So that's how you do the rib cage then X is gonna figure out is how we do the hands remember the hand is about that long. So I tell you it's good to get used to that shape and then just draw that shape down here like that. You can you can really just draw a rectangle or you can kind of draw a shape like this in the cut in half. And the reason why I like to draw this shape for the hand is because that's pretty much a shape that's very much accurate. The knuckles from the rest of the knuckles is the same length this one the knuckles the tip of the fingers it's about the same length right sir. Move along here I kind of got this little bit lopsided but it's fine and you could you can draw it more like this if you want to. That just this is the basic shape that I usually draw when you're just trying to sketch out fast. Right next thing you got to figure out is where does our hip bone go. We're almost done with the figure now. So the hip bone comes up the halfway point. Now it doesn't touch up here the way the figure works as it comes down. They have some skin here and then it comes back out again. Obviously wouldn't be that thin because that would be a really really thin person. But it's good to get thinner than it is to get wider because you know there's a locally strange wide. Now one thing the hips will not do this part of hip the iliac crest will never come way out here. I notice I see people do all the time. In fact it won't even come out to here. So that is to these these halfway alliance you know almost touch those halfway lines regardless whether it's a male or female it usually won't go out that far the widest part of the female is not her iliac crest. It's not her hip bone it's actually her crotch line and the part that sticks out the White is on a female figure the part that really pushes outward. Is this part right here. The humerus bone or the team responded. The femur bone sits that top part of the femur one either that that part of the bone actually sticks out right here. Just go from your cross line to come straight out to your thigh. You can actually fill those bones sticking out especially when you like stand on one leg and really push that bone out. So we want to do is want to take a cross line and I like to just it's almost like we're drawing a heart. I just can't imagine a heart shape because that's really the shape or drawing. Now what I like to do is draw your hit mom. We'll use it come about to the same with as you're his rib cage. So just come with a line straight down. We know it to be right but here I like to kind of imagine my points where I'm drawing. However how do we know how tall the hips should be. The hip obviously needs to be lower than the rib cage so here's how you do that. You take this segment here and you divide it in half and then divide that and half again. You could go up to that high. That's not recommended though because typically it's really not that high you want to divide that in half one more time. So it's similar to the neck. So what we did to the neck we're doing it kind of like that in reverse and you go that high right there that segment right there is how high. How high it's going to be. I said lighten that up just a little bit so we can see here and you can actually draw a straight line from these points and draw a straight line like that if you want to just to kind of get to visualize this and then you can draw a triangle coming down like that. So drawing that triangle shape in their first will really help you draw this neck shape. So you want to take this heart shape and just kind of come right here want that curve that curved line to be right there. Boom like that. It's a little bit higher than your triangle. And there you have it that's really the shape you want. You can raise some of this if you want to but that's that's really across. Not with the female what really changes is so a male has a slightly higher hit bone than a female and there's there's variations in everybody but that's that's typically how it works. And so the female would actually be a little bit lower not quite as high in a little bit wider. Not much I mean literally it's just a little bit shorter a little bit wider like that. Very little change honestly that you can keep the hip bone pretty much the same and just to wait. The main thing I want to draw differently with the male you're all going to go out to like about here with the female you're going to come out further like this. That's the main difference. So that way the main change that happens is like that for a female and then like this for male. So the male has more of a shape like like that and a female has more of a shape like that. That's the main difference right. So here's a male hip and then the male bone would come out like this and it just come out to that same line. Don't go for that line in fact you can even come a little bit further a little bit more narrow in there. Now if you wanted to draw a female which I'll go ahead and do now female skeleton here we just want to make this a little bit wider so we're to come here and we're going to come out just a little bit wider like that. Not much like I said just a little bit wider like so that you can raise some of this mean hardly anything changes as you can see it's almost exactly the same and this is super important that you get that measurements down in your head because you don't want to draw that being too wide because I know I feel draw they exaggerate too much it's too wide. So this is basically like if you had the breasts sitting in here. Well we'll talk about this later like where the breasts connect to and why and how they connect but just some kind of jaw some basic so about about right there and then you have the skin that comes across the rib cage if you're thin that skin is very tight to a page that's why you can like feel and see your ribs they're right here this is the this halfway point here. So this segment from one inch above the producer of our segments or inch one segment above the crotch. That is where the body is going to on a female's natural gonna start coming back out again like this. Right. That's where our Glasgow. So I like to design it imagine lions coming straight down like this to the crotch line and then right here is where it's gonna start coming out again. And that's is where he's on a thinner female. You'll see that you'll actually see that iliac crest there on top of the hips. Chavez slight indent now sometimes that fat tissue will come all the way out here to the legs like that. However if someone's thinner this will dip in just a little bit. Now remember the bone comes out here like this. So we're coming out like that to that bone. It'll dip in and then it'll come out like this right so some females will have a nice curve always like that. Others will have a dip here like that so it may exaggerate that here's the hip bone and here's the leg bone. It'll come down like this and then it'll come out around this bone right here. Be a slight dent like that and come out again. There's a slight dent right here and a slight dent right here. You can actually see the iliac crest poking out and they can see the bone right here poking out it comes down. The women will just come the fat tissue will just cover all that up and others have felt like that and that's someone like you know like Nicki Minaj and Iggy Azalea. Women like that to have such had that wider hips They're thin but they still have they have a lot of fat tissue there. So. All right. So that's that. I do a lot of stuff your whole neck and I can go back and delete all this. I don't know if my history is set back far enough. Hopefully it is. I don't think it is. So I'm just come in here and just you raise some of this here because it's not important to what we're doing and we'll get it to like drawing the breast and stuff. The main thing about the breast is that they don't stick outside the rib cage very much. They pretty much rest on the rib cage and unless the boobs are really really huge they typically even really big breasts will they'll sag down more than those stacked to the side unless they're laying down or something. So typically the side view which is how much that breast comes off of the rib cage isn't very much so I've only got off of the rib cage that much where I darken it and not very much and then how you always want to draw to the breast down like there's this section here. This blank section right here that that is pretty much flat the breast actually connect and start down here I'm not that far down. Let me get to this if it's a nice big breast. Yeah it could start from way down there May when we get into that later with anatomy. So and also I have a bonus lecture on drawing breast. I want to do another updated one of that as well I think it's a request I get a lot is how to draw proper breast OK. So now we've got a female over here male. Now we got a female. Notice this is just a little bit different not much. What's important here is that we don't just stop here we don't want it. We don't want this to be the same like we want are that the main shape that we want right here. So if we draw a shape like this and then at the crotch line draw a straight line you don't want this to be a box. You want this to come out like this like a skirt and then come in to the knees like that and then come like that. That's simply the main the main shape of working with I always like to draw my legs a little bit a little bit wider personally. So like this is a good way to learn to draw the legs but I usually end up drawing my legs a bit longer than that I just extend the knees down here and then draw the legs out a little bit longer I just like longer legs. That's a preferential you'll get gold you'll figure out your own preference. But for now you want to learn it learn it properly like how a person actually is shaped realistic first then stylized. So we're gonna come out are our bones are gonna come out a little bit farther than this right here. So have a straight line coming down like that and come out a bit farther and then from these lines here we're gonna come just a little bit a little bit outside that line. And that's an A create that nice hip structure and then the from here to here the halfway point from there to there and the crotch to that to the lower line is where your knees go the knees actually sit above that and you can just draw one circle for your knees or you can start drawing two ovals and make sure these are small. And so the two ovals represent the knees the knees don't take up a whole lot of the leg the actual bone itself but it does take up a pretty good. Like with the legs of the leg was let's say you have your leg shape coming down like that like this. That's your thigh and then you have the knee in here and you have your calf coming down like that then we want to do is the knee is going to take up a good portion of this area right so these are the two circles like that. You only have a little bit of fat tissue and heat on each side but that knee actually fills up a good bulk of that leg and is away again. Just go to the lasso tool edit cut. OK. So now we know where whoops I need to redo that step forward. OK Sonam I'll go ahead and erase this line here I like my needs to be kind of closer together. And so to do that I don't imagine my lines coming in like this you want to curve the femur but not what the reason why recursion this favorite this femur bone in is that's actually the way the femur bone is shaped. If you look at a real skeletal skeleton of a person the leg the bone comes in like that and so even if your leg is out if you are if you like want your legs out straight like natural if you just put your feet together your legs aren't actually going to come in like that. So if my feet are together down here touching each other then and then this bone kind of like this right but if I want my legs out why like I want to put my leg out like this I want my leg my legs out like this. Like a wide stance my my bone my finger bone is still come in like that it's that shape still stays there. Again we'll get into this with anatomy but I want to. That's why we're drawing the leg. I want to make it make it clear. That's why we're jointly coming in and we can have our two little ovals going above that. Don't get too big with these don't make them too y. Look how much space. I'm not taking very much space with those. So keep that in mind. They're only take I'm like the half of the width of the head like this. Right. That's that's how big they are. So if you need something to relate it to relate it to the width of the head and then lastly we just got to connect it to our feet. Now I like to I like to connect lines. Sometimes I find that easier than then having to like draw a line coming down sometimes having two points and connecting them and I go I go through the all these kinds like fundamentals of how to hold your pencil how to get nice you know clean lines and not like you know not get into that habit of doing this because you get like a more like you know like that line to prior to this line. Look at the different seconds go you know one smooth line versus a bunch of chopped up lines it doesn't look as good might go to all kinds of cool dry techniques how to use basic shapes all that kind of stuff that's it's really the fundamentals of drawing that every master draw draw or learn how to do allow people skip those fundamentals and they wonder why they can't draw off in their imagination as well that's why so I highly recommend if you're taking this course and you might have skipped a lot of the more fundamental specially taught in the way that makes sense like how all the masters know how to do it to draw from their imagination then check out my Fundamentals of drawing course that's that's really important to take on top of this one as well especially if you're a beginner you really want to start with that first before you get to the human figure. All right so then I like to like I said we don't want my feet so I want my feet not touching and we're just want to like triangles basically kind of like rounded triangles so if you have a hard triangle we just kind of do kind of around a triangle almost like huffs This is actually really good shape for feet facing forward. So it's it's a really good shorthand shape to use when you're drawing. Now I have to do is connect these lines and I don't want to just connect straight down. No I want to connect out this way. Now I want to kind of connect curved in a little bit so we can't start to get the feel for the skeleton in our in our structure here and there you have it. So we've got we covered a lot in this in this lesson we've covered how how are how everything relates to each other. So we have different ways to relate the lengths of different things. Again once you have like once you if you start with the rib cage now you have your rib cage you know that the halfway point this is half of the arm here. So you just take that same length and double it down and you have the length of the arm. Once you have the length of the arm now you know that's where your your your crotch goes. Then you know there's a there's a gap between your rib cage and your crotch or your crotch is all going to go so so far like this and then you go. OK. So then then you know the head is going to be you remember the head is a is a full a full segment and so how do you then figure out the head length if you start out with the rib cage. Well the rib cage is it's almost two heads tall not quite. And we know that because remember when we draw the rib cage we we draw a little bit lower than the chin area and see just kind of make up that market member. If you take the the rib cage was taken it was two segments and then get that you get that neck area. We cut this segment half in that second half again pretty much and maybe make a little higher or a little bit lower than that. And so we know we just need a little bit a little bit higher to segment up here like this where the neck is going to go and we know that basically from that point down that's the length of the head so you can get the length of the head that we can also just kind of you know eyeball it out and draw it and just make sure that it's not half of the rib cage because it shouldn't be half the rib cage or rather it should be it should be because if you go over here I say that wrong sorry like that it should be a little bit bigger than half the rib cage and that's that's you get it now. Once you have all that figured out you know I noticed this this person's coming out tall because I start with a longer rib cage and then it's like OK how do I figure out from there. Let's go and zoom out a little bit here from there how would I figure out how how the legs are. Well no it's a halfway point so once I have all this figured out I just know I just need to take that length and make it the same length down here. Boom like that. Let's see. See if I got close here and bam it's almost spot on. And then I just take that and divide it in half. Now I know now I know I have my legs here. Boom. Now I just. Now I just drew a whole entire figured I control. Now let's say I want to know another target point let's say I want the hand right here. So I want the hand like holding onto the hip. Like pushing they're pushing this part of the Parliament to their hip. I know that this length and this length R E R are even so now I just got to come out with the point out here somewhere and just make even even lines. Now I got my arm. Boom there you go. Now I got a slight pose so yeah it's very very helpful to understand these proportions. That's why I'm making this lecture a little bit longer because it's super important too to get this down and really understand how all this relates to each other and that's why I felt it was necessary to go into a detailed lesson on this subject matter so that you don't skip over this kind of stuff. Now notice how this looks thinner than this. It's just barely thinner. I could've made that same white dismember that if you do come out. So maybe you have lines here that's this right here. From here to here this length right here that's the width of the actual head right and then cut that in half again. Now that line coming down. If you do draw all the rib cage out of that line it's only this one part that touches it remember that it's a it's only one that. So basically if you had I had I try and think out how to talk about that so come down like like this and like this and then like that and like that like a diamond shape then you just round out that diamond like this. And that's that's how you get that shape. So dismember that's the widest part of the rib cage and I like to come in a little bit shorter than that personally but you can you can memorize it that way and just know that you can make it a little bit thinner than that. Just come in just make these points a little bit thinner. So all we do is come in a little bit thinner like this. It's it's very very little like there's not much change just like that but that little bit of change can make a big difference in how your overall figure looks. So for a female I like to come a little bit thinner for males. I like to. I like to keep my rib cage out to those lines all right. So I think that's everything I wanted to cover with this and I could I could also show you how this would work but we'll get to that one get to the mannequin. So the mannequins important and where we draw the mannequin on there and how it all works and I think Wow I just wanted I just want show you proof of concept that if you build a figure on top of this it will look nice. All right. So just to show building off that structure you can see that you can build a figure and this would be a realistic figure. This isn't a comic book style figure. This isn't anything exaggerated. This is how a real figure would look within within these proportions. I'm a comic book figure we'll exaggerate certain things minimize certain things. I would minimize the shoulders. Make those thinner I try to make the bracelet larger this pie keep the. This the way the way so they do all this right here I keep the same the legs up I make a little bit thinner maybe I could also draw them thinner here to this. These are actually pretty big legs and I look at them and then you can see I built it right on top that structure I'll go and get rid of the get rid of the shading too I just it will a quick from my own shading and all this is just drawing really quickly from imagination not looking any reference or anything like that and that's where this course is going to get you where you can do stuff like this really quickly for imagination this isn't perfect but you know it's it's just showing that we can get that look from just sat right there can see it's built right on top of that structure we just we just drew right now I don't expect your ability to do that to do that yet because you don't know how the relationships of breast and muscles we're to learn all that in this course now if you want to try to just draw this from looking at it that's that's great and that would be a good exercise and then hold onto that sketch and you can even show it to me and then after you're finished with the course then show me another sketch from your imagination and apply even better than what you looked at draw this from reference so just try to draw the figure as you see it and then when we come back to this when you're finished for the course you're going to draw a figure from your imagination and you can see that it's a look better even though what you drew right now from reference so that's where we want to get you what. Yes so there you have it and also I'm learning how to shade 3D obviously stuff again I can't recommend enough my Fundamentals of drawing court of drawing course because that will teach you how to think in three dimensions how to how to shape things in 3D in that way when we do get to that what we do to get to the part of the body where we're thinking in 3D and where we're we're shadowing the body that'll make more sense but it's not it's not absolutely necessary but it will give you a big head start and it'll help you draw everything imagination much better. All right so there you have it there's the thing we're going to turn this back up again OK. Thank you for watching this lesson and I'll see you the next one.