Software Development Courses

Computer software is a set of instructions that tells a computer what to do. There are three basic types of software: system software, programming software, and application software (or “apps”). System software defines and controls a computer’s core functions, including the operating system (OS), disk management, and utilities. Programming software refers to programs that help people create and edit code, including text editors, compilers, and linkers. Apps act as tools for end-users. These programs include everything from productivity and documentation tools, security programs, and media players to web applications, social media platforms, and games. Some consider embedded software to be a fourth category, including programs that control and connect Internet of Things (IoT) devices like cars, telecommunication networks, and smart thermostats.

The software development lifecycle (SDLC) is a widely accepted methodology for developing software from beginning to end. The exact steps vary across teams, but they always encompass the following phases: requirements, planning, design, implementation, testing, deployment, and post-deployment. In the first three steps, developers analyze the requirements for the software program, plan how to build a product to meet those requirements, and design the architecture for the code. Once these steps are complete, the implementation step covers writing the actual code. The testing step often begins during implementation, allowing developers to identify and fix issues as they work. Once all the code has been written and tested, the software is released as a completed program in the deployment step. This is followed by some form of post-deployment activities, such as ongoing evaluation and maintenance, to ensure it continues working properly and address any bugs.

While they are often used together, Agile and Lean philosophies stem from slightly different focuses and purposes. Agile software development was created as a process to achieve high-quality end products. Agile values include prioritizing individuals and interactions, functionality, customer collaboration, and flexibility above reliance on specific tools, documentation, contracts, or plans; the goal is to create the best product possible. Lean software development adopts the principles of Lean manufacturing, which focus on making processes faster and more accurate. Lean values include eliminating waste at all stages of development, prioritizing quality, and optimizing workflow to continually improve the development process. Software developers often incorporate both Agile and Lean in their work to build high-quality programs efficiently.