World Energy Review - 2023 Edition

Explore primary energy fundamentals, including the share of renewables at 7.5% and fossil fuels at 82%, and how 2022–2023 trends lift total energy 3% above pre-COVID levels.

Analyze primary energy consumption using tables and charts, focusing on regional vs country changes over ten years to draw data-driven conclusions about growth, shares, and trends.

Compare fossil fuels by country, focusing on coal, oil, and natural gas in Malaysia and Indonesia from 2021 to 2022. Note coal growth in Indonesia and the limited renewables discussion.

Analyze energy consumption per capita across OECD, non-OECD, and European Union contexts, noting higher use in developed regions and comparing top energy users including OPEC over time.

Explore fossil fuels—crude oil, natural gas, and coal—covering production, consumption, pricing, and international trade, with a bp-backed perspective on 2022 export and import patterns and Russia-Europe dynamics.

Analyzes crude oil demand, production, prices, and markets, noting Brent near $100 in 2022, Covid recovery to 97.3 mbpd, and OPEC-led output growth.

Compare crude oil trade and refined products, noting 2022's 2.1 billion-ton crude shipments led by the Middle East and 1.2 billion tons of refined products dominated by Asia Pacific.

Analyze crude oil production tables, focusing on barrels per day, global shares, and ten-year growth across major producers from the United States to China.

Explore crude oil and condensate production, with condensate defined as volatile liquids like C2–C4; compare trends across the US, Russia, Saudi Arabia, and China.

Compare crude oil consumption to production using barrels per day. Highlight the United States at 20% and China at 14%, and note decade-long trend shifts across major economies.

Total liquids consumption shows how much fuel countries use, with about 80% of crude oil ending as liquids, including vapors or solids; leaders include the United States and China.

Analyze regional consumption by product across continents, focusing on light distillates, middle distillates, fuel oils, and notable gasoline vs naphtha shares across North America, Europe, the Middle East, and BRICs.

Trace how crude oil and refined products move through global trade, analyzing imports, exports, and interregional flows among the US, Europe, China, Mexico, Canada, Russia, and the Middle East.

Examine natural gas markets, including LNG and pipeline gas, tracking 2022 price trends in Europe and Asia, import dynamics, and the rise of Japan as the largest LNG importer.

Analyze natural gas consumption in bcm and exajoules, highlighting the US, Russia, Iran, and Iraq, with Qatar and Saudi Arabia's small domestic use and China's deficit.

Compare pipeline and liquefied natural gas transport, and analyze inter-regional trade in billion cubic meters, highlighting shifts toward LNG exports and pipeline imports.

Compare natural gas delivered by pipeline and LNG, showing US Henry Hub as the least affected price versus Europe’s Netherlands TTF and Asia’s Japan Korea marker; discuss cyclical trends.

Explore LNG trade dynamics: 2022 saw LNG account for 56% of trade at 542 bcm, driven by geopolitics and inflation, with Middle East, Australia, US, and Russia as exporters.

Explore how pipeline gas flows shape regional trade, noting a 15% decline since 2021. Russia and Norway dominate pipeline exports to Europe, while the US and Canada connect nearby markets.

Analyze coal production in million tons and exajoules, compare with natural gas and crude oil, and identify global leaders: China, India, Indonesia, and the United States, plus regional trends.

Analyze coal consumption by major world buyers, highlighting China, India, Indonesia, and the United States, and compare growth trends with crude oil, natural gas, and renewables.

Explore the global distribution and trade of fossil fuels, including pipelines, LNG, and refined versus crude products, and the rise of renewables influencing future infrastructure.

Explore the global role of nuclear energy, its 4% share in 2022, and ten-year consumption trends across the US, China, France, and Russia, with in-house production measured in exajoules.

Track renewables growth driven by wind, solar, and biomass, now about 7% of global primary energy, with production and consumption led by China, the US, Germany, India, and the UK.

Analyze wind energy capacity and downtimes, noting the United States and China account for 41% of production, and explore growth and per capita implications across nations like Mexico and Russia.

Explore biofuels, including biodiesel and bio gasoline, and how blending with gasoline, diesel, and kerosene shapes production and consumption patterns.

Evaluate section three on renewables and the growing trends in the energy mix, exploring nuclear, hydro, solar, wind, and biofuels alongside crude oil, natural gas, and coal.

Analyze 2022 CO2 equivalents totaling 3943 gigatons, highlighting energy-use emissions growth, shifts in energy mix, and how Asia-Pacific and India drive emissions, with the Paris Agreement targets not yet met.

Explore how electricity is generated from coal, natural gas, oil, nuclear, and renewables; track electrification growth and wind/solar gains surpassing nuclear.

Analyze how electricity is generated by fuels across major regions, comparing natural gas, coal, nuclear, and renewables, with 2021–2022 year-to-year changes for the US, Russia, and China.

Review the course's key energy topics: primary energy, fossil fuels, renewables, emissions, and electrification, and connect them to global energy markets and geopolitics.

Explore world energy trends, from fossil fuels to renewables, and understand why oil, gas, and coal dominate energy use as solar and wind grow.