Water softening and desalination.

         The course softening of water and desalination provides the knowledge about different method to purify the water. Nowadays Water treatment is increasing due to drinking water shortages and the growing needs of the global population. The objective of this course is to know different methods to obtain soft or fresh water with good quality for its end use.

         Water treatment is any process that improves the quality of water to make it appropriate for a specific end-use. The end users may be drinking, industrial water supply, irrigation, including being safely returned to the environment. Water treatment removes contaminants and undesirable components, or reduces their concentration so that the water becomes fit for its desired end-use.

         Industry uses two types of processes for industrial uses which includes the boiler water treatment and cooling water treatment. The course is designed and focused on boiler water treatment methods which include external treatments like Zeolite method and Ion exchange method and also desalination of brackish water or sea water or hard water. Boiler water treatment is a type of industrial water treatment focused on removal or chemical modification of substances potentially damaging to the boiler. Various types of treatment are used at different locations to avoid scale, corrosion, or foaming in the boiler.