Tutor for macOS Mojave

In this lesson for macOS Mojave on the Mac, I look at the Apple Menu and the different options we have in the Apple Menu.

Location of the Apple Menu
The Apple Menu is always located in the upper left corner of your display and is always available. It does not matter which app you are in, you will always have access to the Apple Menu.

Apple Menu Features
The Apple menu gives you access to various features of the Mac, and as I stated above, these are always available to you.

• About this Mac: This will open a window showing you various information about your Mac including which macOS you are using, the serial number, storage options, and support options.

• System Preferences: This opens the System Preferences, which is where you can set the default behavior of your Mac.

• Mac App Store: This will open the Mac App Store app.

• Recent Items: This will show you your recent apps that you’ve opened and recent documents you’ve opened. You can select any one of them to open them again.

• Force Quit: Select this to open a window showing all your open apps. From there you can select any one of the apps and force quit them. When you force quit them, the app does not save any changes.

• Sleep: Select this to put your Mac to sleep.

• Restart: This will restart your computer.

• Shutdown: This will shut down your Mac.

• Lock Screen: This will lock your screen. When you select this, to unlock the screen again, you’ll need to enter your Mac password.

• Logout: This will log the mac out of the current user. When you select this, you will be brought to a screen where all your users are lists, and you can choose the user account you want to open.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave on the Mac, I look at Application Menus. Application menus not only tell you which app you are currently in but they also give you access to specific features for the active app.

Seeing which App is the active App
If you ever want to see which is the active app, the app that is frontmost, just look at the left side of the Menu Bar. The application name will show you which app is front most. Also, you will see menu items specific to that app.

Accessing App Specific Menu
Just go to the right of the Application name to see specific menus for that app. A few of these menus are consistent across multiple apps, including File and Edit, but under each menu name, they will have specific features for the app.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave on the Mac, I look at Menu Extras. Menu Extras are on the right side of your Menu Bar and give you access to extra features for the macOS and specific apps. It gives you access to features without having to have the app in the front, unlike Application Menus.

Menu Extra Location
Menu Extra’s are located on the right side of your menu bar and are always shown no matter which application you are currently working in. If you are in Pages and want to start recording a video with Screenflow, you can select the Screenflow Menu Extra and start recording, without having to have Screenflow be the frontmost app.

Menu Extra Features
The features that a Menu Extra depends on the Menu Extra you select. The Clock Menu Extra will show you the date as well when selected, the Sound Menu Extra will show you the volume and allow you to change the volume when selected.

Accessing Addition Options in a Menu Extra
Depending on the Menu Extra, you will have more features when you hold down the Option key and selecting the Menu Extra. The Sound Menu Extra gives you access to the sound output or speaker, but when you option-click on it, it also gives you access to the microphones you have connected to your Mac. Not all Menu Extra have additional options.

Moving a Menu Extra
To move a Menu Extra, just command-click (use the command key and click on the Menu Extra). When you do this, you can drag it around to move it. You can only move it to another location on the right side of your Menu Bar.

Removing a Menu Extra
To remove a Menu Extra, just Command-click on the Menu Extra you want to remove, then drag it off the Menu Bar. When you do this, it will be removed from your Menu Bar.

Adding Menu Extras
Menu Extras for macOS can be found in the preference panes of the System Preferences. The Sound Menu Extra is found int he Sound Preference Pane, the Display Menu Extra is located in the Displays Preference Pane. Not all Preference Panes have Menu Extras.

An applications Menu Extra is usually found in the app’s preferences, which is located under the Application name in the Menu Bar. If the app supports a Menu Extra, you can turn it on and off in the application preferences.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave on the Mac, I look at the Secondary Menu. With the Secondary menu, you have access to common tools such as copy, paste, as well as specific features for an app.

Accessing the Secondary Menu
There are a few ways to access the Secondary Menu on the Mac.

• Control-Click: If you hold down the Control key and click, you’ll see the menu pop up under your cursor. Just select the menu option you want to use when it pops up.

• Two-finger tap with a Trackpad: If you have a trackpad, you can tap the trackpad with two fingers, when you do this, the menu will pop up under your cursor.

• Mouse: If you want to access the Secondary Menu with a mouse, you need to open your System Preferences and select the Mouse Preference Pane. From there, you can choose which button you want to use for the Secondary Click.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave on the Mac, I look at how to work with applications in the Dock, including viewing open applications in the Dock, favoriting or adding an application to the Dock, setting an application to open when you log in to your Mac, and show an application in the Finder from the Dock.

Applications and the Dock
The Dock is divided into three areas – applications, recent applications (new in macOS Mojave), and documents and folders. You’ll see vertical lines separating these three areas. Applications are located on the left. We are going to focus on applications and the Dock in this lesson.

View which Applications are Open
Since the Dock stores your favorite application as well as open applications, how can you tell which applications are open? When you open an application, a black dot will appear below the icon in the Dock. If you see an application without this dot, but in the dock, this means it is a favorite, but now open. As soon as you open it, the dot will be there.

Favoriting an Application
To add an application to the Dock, so you have easy access to it, open your Applications folder and drag the application you want to favorite onto the Dock. You need to drag it to the right side of the vertical line. When you favorite an app, it does not remove it from the Applications folder, and you can still open it through the Applications folder.

Opening an Application at Login
You can set an application to open when you log in to your computer through the dock. Just click-and-hold on the application you want to open at login. You need to do this with the application icon in the Dock. When you do this, you will see a popup menu with various options. Under Options, you will see Open at Login. Select this to open the application at login, deselect to have it no longer open at login.

Showing the Application in the Finder
You can also sow the Application in the Finder through the popup menu when you click-and-hold on the application icon in the Dock. When you select this, a Finder window will open to the folder the application is in. Usually, this is the Applications folder.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave on the Mac, I look at how to work with documents and folders in the Dock. With documents, we can place documents we need easy access to in the Dock, and with folders, we can easily access the contents of a folder when it is in the Dock.

Documents and Folders location in the Dock
As you learned in the previous lesson, the Dock is divided into three areas – applications, recent applications (new in macOS Mojave), and documents and folders. You’ll see vertical lines separating these three areas. Documents and folders are located on the right side of the Dock.

Placing a Document or Folder in the Dock
To place a document or folder in the Dock, just drag it to the right side of the Dock and put it where you want. You cannot place them where the applications are. When you place a document or folder in the Dock, it does not move the original location of the document or folder, it just gives you easy access to that document or folder.

Accessing Files and Folders from a Folder in the Dock
To access the files and folders in a folder you have placed in the Dock, you just click on the folder icon in the Dock. You will see the contents of the folder show as a popup. The view of the folder contents will change depending on how many items are in the folder.

Changing the Folder Icon in the Dock
When you place a folder in the Dock, you will see it represented by an icon. You can change what that icon is by control-clicking (holding down the control key and clicking) on the folder in the Dock. From there you will see Display As, you can display the folder icon as a folder or a stack. The folder is just a simple icon or image of a folder. The Stack option shows the items in the folder stacked.

Changing the View of the Documents in a Folder
When you click on a folder while it is in the Dock, you will see the folder’s contents. The way you see them will change depending on how many items are in the folder. You can also select how you want to view them yourself. Again control-click on the folder in the Dock, you’ll see a popup with View Content As.

• Fan: This will display all the items in a fan. If you have a lot of items, to see all of them, you will have to click on the arrow at the top of the documents listed in your folder. This view is generally used when you have fewer items in the folder.

• Grid: The Grid view is better for folders with a lot of items. You see all the items in the folder as a larger icon. You can quickly scroll through the items while in the view.

• List: The List view shows all the items in the folder in a list. Similar to Grid view, this view works with folders with a lot of items.

• Automatic: This option will change the view automatically based on the number of items in the folder.

Changing the Sort Order
You can also change the sort order of the items in a folder when you click on the folder while in the Dock. Again, control-click on the folder in the Dock and select how you want the items to be sorted.

Showing the Folder in the Finder
If you want to show the folder in a Finder window, control-click on the folder in the Dock and select Show in Finder under Options. The folder will open in a new Finder window.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave on the Mac, I look at how to work with documents and folders in the Dock. With documents, we can place documents we need easy access to in the Dock, and with folders, we can easily access the contents of a folder when it is in the Dock.

Accessing the Docks Preferences
To access the Docks preferences, you need to open System Preferences, which is located under the Apple Menu in the upper left corner. In the window that opens, click on Dock to access the Doc’s preferences.

Changing the size of the Dock
The first option is for adjusting the size of the Dock. Drag the slider to the left or right to change the size of the icons in the Dock.

Using Magnification
When you turn this on, when you hover the cursor over the dock, the icon under the Dock will be magnified. For this to work, the slider must be set to be larger than the dock is set above it.

Changing the Location of the Dock
By default, the Dock is pinned to the bottom of your display. Select left or right to pin it to the left or right.

Minimize Windows Options
When you minimize a Finder window, by clicking on the yellow dot of a window, it minimizes into the Dock, the right side of the Dock where your documents and folders are. You can set the visual effect being used to minimize the window.

Prefer Tabs when Opening Documents
When selected, a window will open in a Tab as opposed to a new window.

Double-click a Window to Minimize or Zoom
When this is selected, you can set what happens when you double-click on a window toolbar. You can have it minimize into the Dock or Zoom to where you can see all the documents in a folder.

Minimize WIndows into Application Icon
When you minimize a window by clicking on the yellow dot, it minimizes into the documents and folders area on the right side of the Dock. When this is selected, it will minimize into the application icon. To open it again, you click on the application icon.

Animate Opening Applications
When this is selected, the icon in the Dock will animate while the application is being opened.

Automatically Hide and Show the Dock
When this is selected, the Dock will automatically hide. To see the Dock, you move your cursor to where the dock is placed, but default this is at the bottom.

Show Indicators for Open Applications
When selected, this will place a dot below the application icon in the Dock when the application is open.

Show Recent Applications in Dock
This is new in macOS Mojave. The dock shows your recent applications between your favorite applications and your documents and folders. To hide this section, you deselect this.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave on the Mac, I look at the different ways you can find your Applications folder, which is where all your Applications for your Mac are located. I also take a real quick look at how you can access your Applications from the Launchpad app.

Applications Location
The Applications folder is located under your Macintosh HD. This folder contains all your applications. If you install an application, this is where it will be installed by default. The Applications folder is accessible by any user on your Mac. Each user also has an Applications folder, This folder is located within the users Home folder along with the user’s documents, download, and other folders. Any application install in this folder is only accessible by that user.

Accessing Applications under Go in the Menu Bar
If you are in the Finder, you can select Go in the Menu Bar and then select Applications. When you do this, the Applications folder that contains all the applications for all the users will open in a new window.

Accessing Applications from the Sidebar in a Finder Window
By default, in the sidebar of a Finder window, you will see Applications. Select this to open your current Finder window to your Applications folder that contains all the applications for all the users.

Accessing Applications from Launchpad
Launchpad is an application that is installed on your Dock by default. When you open this application, it shows you all your applications in sheets, much like the iPhone or iPad does. You can swipe to the left or right to get to the different sheets as well as search for an application from the search field at the top of the display when Launchpad is open.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave on the Mac, I look at how to switch between your open applications including using keyboard shortcuts.

Switching by Windows
You can easily switch between your open applications by clicking on the application window you want to switch to. This works great when you do not have a lot of windows open, but if you do, you may want to look at using the Dock to switch or using a keyboard shortcut. Also, when you use this method, it brings only the one window you click on forward if the application has other windows open, it does not bring those forward unless you click on them.

Using the Dock
You can also click on the application icon on the Dock to switch to that application. When you do this, it brings all the windows forward for that application.

Using Command-Tab Keyboard Shortcut
If you hold down the command key and press the tab key, you will get an overlay showing all your open applications. Keep pressing the tab key to cycle through these apps. When you release the keys, your Mac will switch to that app. This method also brings all the open window forward.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave on the Mac, I look at how to hide your open applications as well as how to hide all your other open applications and keep your frontmost application visible.

Hiding Your Application
When you are working in an application, as an example, you are working on a Pages document, and you want to work in another application, you can hide your current application, in my example, you’d hide Pages. When you hide an application, it does not quit it or close the windows, it just hides all the open windows. To hide your application you are working in, just go to the application name in the Menu Bar, when you click on the application name, you will see Hide. Select this, and your application will be hidden.

Hiding other Applications
You can also hide all your other open applications to focus on your frontmost application. When you do this, the Mac will hide all the windows of your other application. It does not close them or quit out of the app, it just hides them so you can work in your frontmost application without any distractions.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave on the Mac, I look at the application Launchpad. With Launchpad, you see all your installed application in a similar style to what you see on your iPhone or Pad. You swipe back and forth to see more apps, you tap-and-hold to delete or move them, and you drag one icon on top of another to create a folder, much like you do on your iOS devices.

Locating Launchpad
Launchpad is a separate application located in your Application’s folder. Double-click on it to open it. Launchpad is also located in your Dock by default, Click on it to open it.

Finding Apps
To find an application in Launchpad, just type in the search field located at the top of Launchpad above all the icons.

Opening Apps
To open an app, just click on it. The application will open, and Launchpad will close.

Rearranging Apps
To rearrange your application in your Launchpad, click-and-hold on any one of them. They will all jiggle. Now you can drag them around including to a different screen by dragging an app icon around. Click on any app icon to get out of this mode.

Placing Apps in Folders
You can also place your apps in the Launchpad in folders. Again, click-and-hold on any icon. Once they are jiggling, just drag one icon on top of another to create a folder. Drag icons out of the folder to remove the app from the folder. This does not create a folder in your Applications folder, it only creates folders in the Launchpad app.

Deleting Apps
To delete an app from the Launchpad, you again click-and-hold to get in the jiggly mode. You will see an ‘x’ above the application’s icon. Click on the ‘x’ to delete the app. Not all applications will have this ‘x’. Only the applicants that you’ve downloaded from the Mac App Store will show this ‘x’, and they are the only ones you can delete using this method.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave on the Mac, I look at how you can open applications using Spotlight. This is one of my favorite or most common ways I open applications. So what is Spotlight Search? Spotlight Search is how we search the Mac for documents, folders, and even applications. What’s nice about Spotlight is once you find what you are looking for you can press the Return key and whatever you have selected will open, including applications.

Bringing Up Spotlight Search
To bring up Spotlight Search, you click on the magnifying glass menu extra in the left side of the Menu Bar. When you click on this, you will get a field that overlays your window. You can also bring up Spotlight Search by using a keyboard shortcut – Command key and the space bar. This is how I bring up Spotlight Search, I hardly ever click on the menu extra.

Searching for Applications
Once you bring up Spotlight Search, all you need to do is start typing the name of the application. You will see a number of results, and in most cases, the application will be a top hit and already selected. Just hit the return key to open it. If it is not selected, you can use the arrows keys to select it, then hit the return key to open the application.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave on the Mac, I look at the different ways you install applications. When you install applications, the overall goal is to install them in the Applications folder. When you download an app from the App Store, it installs it in the Applications folder, if you use an installer, it will install the app in the Applications folder. There are four basic ways to install an app in the Applications folder.

Installing through the App Store
This is the easiest way to install an app. When you purchase an app in the App Store, it will automatically install it in your Applications folder.

Downloading an App
You can also download an application, let’s say from the developer’s website, it will download it through Safari and place it in the Downloads folder by default. Once the app is downloaded, you’ll want to move it to the Applications folder to finish the installation.

Installing from an Installer
In some cases when you download an app, again let’s say from a developer’s website, it will come as a package. The icon will look like a box in most cases. This is an installer. What you need to do to finish the installation is open the package. From there the installer will guide you through installing the app. When finished, the app will be in your Applications folder. You can delete the installer or package in your downloads folder once the app is installed.

Installing from a DMG file
With this type of installation, you download a DMG file to your downloads folder. This type of file is a virtual disk. Once it is downloaded, you open the file. When you open it, you will see a virtual drive on your desktop. Open that virtual disk to see your application. From there, you need to drag the application to the Applications folder. When finished installing, you can delete the DMG file and eject the virtual disk on your desktop.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave on the Mac, I look at the different ways you uninstall or remove applications. When you uninstall an application, the overall goal is to remove them from the Applications folder.

Using Launchpad to remove Apps
If you’ve downloaded an app from the App Store, you can use Launchpad to delete or remove the application. You can only remove apps downloaded from the App Store using this method. Open Launchpad and then click-and-hold on any of the application icons. They will start jiggling. Apps that have been downloaded from the App Store will have an ‘x’ in the corner above the icon. Click on the ‘x’ to remove the app. It will be removed from Launchpad and from the Applications folder.

Deleting by throwing the Application in the Trash
This method works for both apps that have been downloaded from the App Store and app you’ve installed using other methods. Just open your Applications folder, find the app you want to delete, and move it to the trash. If the app was downloaded from the App Store, the Mac will ask for your user account password. Enter the password to complete the uninstall.

Using an Uninstaller
In rare cases, an app will have an uninstaller. This is similar to having an installer, but instead of installing the app, when you open the uninstaller, you will be guided on how to remove the app. To see if an app uses an uninstaller, you can usually go to the app’s website.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave on the Mac, I look at how to open an app in full screen. When you open an app in full screen, you are actually opening the app’s window in full screen. It opens into a Space.

Opening an App in Full Screen
To open an app in full screen, you click on the green button in the upper left corner of the app window. If the app supports multiple windows, such as documents, only the one window will open in full screen and take up a Space. The other windows of the app will still stay in a window.

What Happen’s when an App Opens in Full Screen
When the app is in full screen, it is no longer a window, and it fills the entire display, a Space. The Menu Bar and Dock will both hide. To see the Menu Bar again, you just bring your cursor to the top of your display, the Menu Bar will reappear. Same with the Dock, just bring your cursor where the dock would be, and the Dock will reappear.

Switching between Apps in Full Screen
When you have an app in full screen, to switch to another app, you need to switch to another Space. App’s in full screen take up a space. To do this, you use the keyboard shortcut Control-arrow, either the left or right arrow. When you do this, it will switch to another space showing. You can also swipe with three fingers to the left or right if you have a trackpad.

See all your Spaces using Mission Control
To see all your Spaces, you need to open Mission Control. This is an app in the Application folder. You can also swipe up with four fingers to open Mission Control and see all the Spaces. Your Spaces will be located at the top. See more about Mission Control in the lesson on Mission Control.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave on the Mac, I look at how you can set an app’s preferences or default behavior. The preferences for an app are accessed the same way across the different apps on your Mac.

Accessing an App’s Preferences
When you have the app open, and it is the frontmost app, go to the application name in the menu bar and select Preferences. A window will open with all the app’s preferences.

I will usually go through an app’s preferences when I first download it to see what options the app has.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave on the Mac, I look at how to select files on the Mac, including selecting multiples in a series and selecting random files.

Selecting Files by Click-and-drag
One of the easiest ways to select multiple files on the Mac is by clicking-and-dragging with your mouse or trackpad. When you use this method, you’ll see a rectangle as you increase your select, any file or folder touched by the rectangle as you drag it around will be selected.

Selecting Multiple Files using the Shift-key
If you select a single file and then hold down the shift key and select another file, the Mac will select all the files inbetween those two files you selected. This method works great when you need to select files that are next to each other, just select the first file, hold the shift key, select the last file and all the files between those will be selected.

Selecting Files that are not next to each other
When you select a single file and hold down the option key, any file you select while holding down the option key, will also be selected. This method works great for selecting files that are not contiguous or next to each other.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at the save dialog sheet on the Mac. The Save Dialog Sheet is where we decide which folder we want to save or documents in on the Mac.

Accessing the Save Dialog Sheet
When you save a document, in most cases you will see a sheet drop down from the document. This sheet has various tools to help you save your document. At the top will be the name of the document, below that will be a field where you can enter tags for the document.

Switching between a Simple View and Detailed View
The Save Dialog Sheet Has two different views, a simple view and a more detail view with more tools. To switch between these two views, click on the icon that has an arrow to the right of the folder name that is a dropdown.

Simple View
The Simple View has a field for the name of the document and below that will be where you can enter tags for your document. Below that is a dropdown where you can traverse through the selected folder.

Detailed View
With the Detailed View, you have more tools available. Below the tags will be a toolbar. This toolbar has some of the same tools as a Finder window including two arrows to go back and forth between recent folders. There is also an icon with the view of your files and folders. This also allows you to group your files. From there you will see a dropdown, this dropdown will let you traverse there your folder. And lastly, you have Search. Below that you have the standard sidebar, you can select a folder to save your document from this sidebar, You can also open folders to the right of the sidebar.

Blue Button
When you are in the Save Dialog Sheet, you will see a blue button. Anytime you see this blue button, you can just hit the Enter key instead of click on the button. This also works outside of the Save Dialog Sheet.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave on the Mac, I look at the different ways to throw your files and folders into the trash, as well as the different ways to empty the trash.

Location of the Trash
To delete a file, you throw it into the Trash on the Mac. Where is the Trash? It is always located on the far right of the Dock. If the Trash has any files in it, the icon will look like a full trash can, if the Trash is empty, the trash can will look empty.

Dragging Items into the Trash
One of the easiest ways to throw something away, this could be a file, folder, or even an application, is to drag it to the Trash on the Dock. Once you place an item into the Trash, you will no longer be able to open it. You can still recover it though.

Using the Menu Bar to throw an Item in the Trash
Just select the files and folder you want to throw away, then go to the Menu Bar and under File, you will see Move to Trash. Select this to move any selected items to the Trash.

Using a Keyboard Shortcut to throw an Item in the Trash
You can also use a keyboard shortcut to throw something away. Just select the file or files and use the keyboard shortcut command-delete, the command key and the delete key. This will move any selected files and folders into the trash.

Recovering Items from the Trash
Once you throw an item in the Trash, you can no longer open it, but you can still recover it. Just click on the Trash icon in the Dock to open the Trash. You will see all the files you threw away, select the file or files you want to recover and drag them into the folder you want. Once you move them out of the Trash, you can open them again.

Emptying the Trash
If your hard drive on your Mac is getting full, one of the first things to do is empty your trash. This will permanently delete any files or folders you threw away and then your Mac can use that space for other items. If you have a lot of videos or photos, this can clear up quite a bit of space. Once you empty the trash, you will no longer be able to recover the files.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at to copy, move, and group files on the Mac. This includes moving a file or folder from one folder to another, to moving a file or folder to an external drive. I also look at how to arrange or group files together by type, date, and tag.

Moving Files and Folders from one Folder to Another
To move a file or folder to another folder, the easiest way is to open two Finder windows and then drag the files or folders from one window to another.

Copying Files and Folders from one Folder to Another
To copy a file or folder to another folder, open two Finder windows and then drag the files or folders from one window to another while holding the Option key. You will see a green ‘+’ indicating you are copying your files and folders.

Copying Files and Folders from one Hard Drive to Another
To copy a file or folder to another hard drive or flash drive, Open two Finder windows, one being the folder on one drive, the other being a folder for the other drive. No drag the files or folders from one window to another. You will see a green ‘+’ indicating you are copying your files and folders.

Moving Files and Folders from one Hard Drive to Another
To move a file or folder to another hard drive or flash drive, Open two Finder windows, one being the folder on one drive, the other being a folder for the other drive while holding the Command key. When you hold down the Command key, the green ‘+’ will disappear indicating you are moving your selection.

Arranging or Grouping your files together by Type, Date, or Tag
To arrange or group your files and folders by kind (type), date, tag, or other, click on the Group tool in the Tool Bar on the window. You will see all the different options to group your files and folder together.

In this lesson for in macOS Mojave for the Mac, I look at how to search the Mac using Spotlight. In addition to finding your files, folders, and applications, you can also use Spotlight to open your files, folders, and application.

Accessing Spotlight
There are a couple ways to open Spotlight. You can click on the magnifying glass on the right side of your Menu Bar, or you can use the keyboard shortcut – which is my favorite or preferred way of opening Spotlight for a search. The keyboard shortcut is command-space, press the command key and the space bar. When you do this or click on the magnifying glass in the Menu Bar, you will see a field appear above your windows. Just start typing what you want to look for, and the results will show.

What does Spotlight Search?
Spotlight searches for your search term in the name of your document, folder, or application. It also searches the contents of files. So if you do not know the name of a file, but you know a term that is in the contents, you can type that term and Spotlight will return in the results any documents that have that term in the document itself.

Opening a Spotlight Result
To open one of the result Spotlight returns with, just double-click on it. You can also hit the return key once the result is selected.

Seeing and Opening what Folder a Result is Located In
To see where a file is located on your Mac, just select the result while holding down the command key. You will see the result below the preview on the left of the Spotlight window.

If you want to open the folder and not the document, you can double click on the result while holding down the command key.

Hiding Specific File Types from Spotlight Results
You can hide different types of files from showing in the results, such as applications, contacts, images, or movies. To set which result types you want to hide, open System Preferences and click on the Spotlight Preference Pane. Make sure you are looking at the Search Results tab. You will see all the different result types in a list. Just deselect the result type(s) that you do not want to show in your search results.

Setting Spotlight Results Priority
You can also set which result type shows first in your results. Again, open your System Preferences and select the Search Results tab. Now just drag the types up and down in the order you’d like the results to be shown in.

Hiding Folders and External Drives from being Searched
To hide the contents of a folder or external hard drive from the result of your search, open System Preferences and select Spotlight. From their select the Privacy tab. Now just drag the folders and external drives you want to hide from your results into the window. You can also click on the ‘+’ at the bottom of the window to select a folder or hard drive. To remove a folder ot external drive from the list, select it in the list and then click on the ‘-‘ at the bottom of the list.

In this lesson for in macOS Mojave for the Mac, I look at how to open a file using a specific application, such as opening a Microsoft Word document in Pages or a Microsoft Excel document in Numbers. I also show you how to set a document’s default app that it will always open in.

Opening a Document in a Specific Application
To open a document in a specific application, you select the document, then you go up to the Menu Bar, and under File, you will see ‘Open With’. When you choose this, you will see a list of applications you can use to open your selected document.

You can also use the secondary menu to select an app to open your document with, again, select ‘Open With’ in the secondary menu (control-click pulls up the secondary menu).

Setting a Document to always open in a Specific Application
If you want a document to always open in a specific application, you select the document, then under File in the Menu Bar, select ‘Get Info’. A window will open, and one of the options is Open with:. Under this option will be a dropdown menu, just select the application you always want your document to open in.

Setting a Document Type to always open in a Specific Application
You can also set a specific document type to open in a specific application. You’ll use this technique if you want all your Excel documents to open in Numbers or all your Word documents to open in Pages. To do this, select a document that you want to change what it opens with, then go under File in the Menu Bar and select ‘Get Info’. In the window that opens up, you will see Open with:, choose the app you want the document to open with and then click on Change All. This will change all of your documents of that type to open with the application you selected.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how to use Spring-loaded Folders on the Mac. With Spring-loaded folders, when we move or copy a file by dragging it on to a folder, the folder will ‘spring’ open.

Using Spring-loaded Folders
To ‘spring open’ a folder, just drag a file or files on top of an existing folder. After a second or so, the folder will ‘spring’ open in a new window. From there you can drop the files, or you can place them on top of another folder and then that folder will ‘spring open.’ Using this technique, you can easily traverse through nested folders.

Turning Spring-loaded Folders on/off
If you do not want to use Spring-loaded folders, you can turn this feature off by going to your System Preferences. The settings are located in the Accessibility preference pane. What I recommend is to just search for ‘Spring’ in the search field of System Preferences. From the results, select ‘make mouse & trackpad easier to use.’ In the System Preferences, you will see Spring-loading Delay. Turn this off to turn of Spring-loaded folders.

Setting Spring-loading Folders Delay
You can also set the delay, or how fast the spring-loaded folders open by sliding the slider, in the accessibility preference pane, to the left or right.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how to compress files and folders on the Mac, as well as why we’d want to do this.

Why Compress Files and Folders
There are a few reasons why you would want to compress your files and folders. These include saving space and for sending numerous files to someone.

Saving Space
When you compress files, it compresses them into a smaller file. If you have quite a few text files, this can add up fast. With images and movies, the space saved is not as significant. As an example, I will do when I need to archive a folder because I no longer need any of the files in it, I will compress it to save space.

Sending Numerous Files
If you are sending numerous files to someone, maybe via email, you may want to compress them into a single file. There is less of a chance of corruption when you compress files, and you are sending one file as opposed to numerous files.

How to Compress Files and Folders
To compress files and folders, you first select the files and folders you want to compress. Then you can go to the Menu Bar and select File, then select Compress. You can also use the secondary menu (control-click) once you select your files. When you compress them, they will be combined in a single file. It does not delete the original files. The new file is a .zip file.

Opening Compressed Files
To open a .zip file, you just double-click on it. It will open in a new folder, and you will see all your original files and folders. Also, being that it is a .zip file, other computers such as Windows, will be able to open it up easily.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how we can view document information about a file on the Mac. This information includes the size, file type, when it was created and modified, the default application it opens with, and more.

Accessing Document Information
To access document information, you first need to select the file you want information on. Once it is selected, you can go to File in the Menu bar and select Get Info, or you can use the secondary menu (control-click) and select Get Info. When you select Get Info, a new window will open with all the Document information. The information window is categorized into different sections.

General Section
The General section gives you general information about the file including the kind, size, date created, and date it was last modified.

More Info Section
The More Info section gives you additional information, this information will change depending on the file type selected. As an example, a photo will show what type of camera took the photo, a movie will show the codec used.

Name and Extension Section
This section gives you the name and extension of the file.

Comments Section
The Comments section is where you can add comments to the file.

Open With Section
This section is where you tell your mac which app you want to use to open the file.

Preview Section
This section gives you a preview of the file.

Sharing & Permissions Section
This section is where you can set the sharing and permissions for the file.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how to rename files in batches on the Mac. Apple provides an easy way to rename multiple files including adding text, replacing text, and serializing your files.

Accessing the Renaming Sheet
To access the sheet that gives you all the renaming options, you first select the files you want to rename, then you go to the Menu Bar and under File, you’ll see Rename. You can also use the secondary menu to access the renaming option. Once you select the renaming option, a sheet will drop down in the window, or it will open in a new window with all the renaming options.

Replace Text
To replace text in your selected files, select Replace Text in the dropdown menu. Once you do this, you will see two fields: Find and Replace with. The Find field is where you type in the text you want to find in your names. The Replace with is what you want to replace the text with. You will see an example in the window once you put your text in the fields.

Add Text
With Add Text, you get one field where you type in what you want to add to your text. You can select if you’re going to add the text before the filename or after the filename.

Format
When you format the filenames, you can add an index to the filenames such as numbers or the date. You first select the Name Format, then select where you want the formatted text to be. You can also customize it and set where you want the index to start.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at tag files and folders on the Mac. Tags could be priority, projects, whatever you want them to be. Also, you can apply more than one tag to a file or folder.

Setting Up Tags
The first thing you may want to do is set up the tags, or create the tags you want to use. To do this, you need to go to the Finder Preferences. You will find this under Finder in the Menu Bar. When you select Preferences, a new window will open, select the Tags tab.

Creating Tags
To create a tag, click on the ‘+’ at the bottom of the list of tags. Type the name of the tag, and when you click on the color, you can assign the tag color. To rename a tag, click on the tag name in the list. To change the color, click on the color icon to the left of the tag name. The tags in the list will show in the Sidebar of a Finder window.

Favorite Tags
Your favorite tags will show under File in the Menu bar and when you secondary menu (hold the Control Key and click) on a file. To favorite a tag, you drag it down to the favorites while in the Finder Preferences.

Applying tags
To apply a tag, just select the file or folders, you can choose more than one, and then drag them on a tag in the sidebar, or you can apply one of your favorite tags by clicking on it int he File menu or using the secondary menu. To remove a tag, select the tag again, it will have an ‘x’ in it if it has been applied. You can apply more than one tag to a file or folder.

Viewing Files by Tag
To view all the files with a specific tag, click on the tag in the sidebar in a Finder window.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at the different ways to cycle through an app’s open windows on the Mac.

Clicking on a Window
The easiest way to select a window is to just click on it. When you do this, it will bring that window forward. If the app has multiple windows open, this technique only brings the one window forward, leaving all the other where they are.

Clicking on the App Icon in the Dock
This technique will bring all the windows forward that the app has open. Just click on the app icon in the dock.

Accessing open Windows through Window in the Menu bar
If you can’t find a window to click on, but yet you know it is open, you can also go to Window in the Menu Bar to see and select a window. You do have to be in the app for this to work so you may need to click on the app icon in the Dock first.

Using Keyboard Shortcuts to Cycle through Open Windows
When you are in the app, you can cycle through all the open windows for that app by using the keyboard shortcut command backward apostrophe. This key is located on the left of the keyboard and is also has the tilde (~) symbol. When you use the keyboard shortcut, the Mac will cycle through all the windows for the app.

In this lesson for in macOS Mojave for the Mac, I look at how to set what a new Finder window opens to. By default, it opens to your Recent Files, but you can change this to open to a specific folder every time.

Setting which Window a Finder Window opens up to
To set which window a new Finder window opens up to, you need to go to the Finder Preferences, which is under Finder menu in the Menu Bar. A new window will open when you select this. In the new window, select the General tab. You’ll see an option for New Finder Window Shows: In the dropdown below this, select the folder you want you new Finder windows to open up to. You’ll have some default folders you can choose. If the folder is not listed, select Other in the dropdown and select the folder you want.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at the different view options we have when looking at the files and folders in a Finder window on the Mac.

Switching between Views
To switch between your different views in a Finder window, you can go to View in the Menu Bar and select the view, or you can click on the appropriate icon in the toolbar in a Finder window. These icons are above the text View in the toolbar of a Finder window. You can select between icon, list, column, and gallery.

Icon View
Icon view will show all your files as large icons. If you are looking at images, this is an excellent way to see your files as you can see what the images are easy.

List View
List view will show all the files and folders in a list view, this is usually how I have my folders set. To set the sort order, just click on the header at the top of the list of files and folders. To open a folder, you can double-click on it or click on the triangle to the left of the file or folder name.

Column View
Column views shows all your folders as columns. This is another favorite way of viewing my files and folders. When you use this view, when you select a folder, it opens up in a new column to the right.

Gallery View
Gallery view is new to macOS Mojave. When you select Gallery view, you will see all the files and folders across the bottom of the window with a preview of the file or folder above. This is another view that is primarily used for images and videos.

View Options
To see all the view options for a window, select Show View Options in the Menu Bar under View. A new window will open, and you’ll have a number of view options for the selected window.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at the different options we have for previewing files in a Finder window on the Mac.

Viewing as Icons
When you are looking at your files ina Finder window, you can view a preview of the document by viewing them as icons. Go to View in the toolbar and select the first option. All of your files will show as an icon, and the icon gives you a preview of the document. To change the size of the icon, go under View in the Menu Bar and select Show View Options. A new window will open with an option to make the icons larger.

Show Preview in a Finder Window
You can also show a preview in the Finder window. To turn this on, select Show Preview under View in the Menu Bar. You will see a new column in your Finder window. Once you select a file, the preview for that file will show in this column.

Using Quick Look
This is my favorite way to preview a file – using Quick Look. To use Quick Look, select the file you want to preview, then tap the spacebar on your keyboard. A new window will open with a preview of your document. To close the window, tap the spacebar again.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at the different view options we have for the Desktop on the Mac. This includes cleaning up selected files on the Desktop, sorting files and folders on the Desktop, and selecting which items to show on the Desktop.

Cleaning Up a Selection on the Desktop
When you clean up a selection, you first need to select the files you want to clean up. Then go to View in the Menu Bar and choose Cleanup. This will snap your selected items to a grid.

Clean Up By Name, Date, Kind, or Tag
In addition to snapping your desktop items to a grid, this option will also sort your files and folders. This option applies to all the items on your desktop, not to just the ones you select.

Using Desktop Stacks
This is a new feature for macOS Mojave. When you select this, it will stack your documents by kind or date or type. This is how I have my desktop configured. To see more on this, check out the lesson in the What’s New section o this tutorial.

View Options for the Desktop
When you select View Options under View in the Menu Bar, a new window will open. This window has various options for the Desktop including setting the icon size, the spacing of the grid, text size, and label position. You can click on any of the options to see how it affects your files and folders on the desktop.

Selecting which items to show on the Desktop
You can also set what you want to see on the Desktop. This includes hard drives, shared drives, and CD/DVDs. To configure what you want to see, you first need to open the Finder Preferences, under Finder in the Menu Bar. Then select the General tab. From there you can select and deselect the items you want to show on your Desktop.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how to keep your files and folders arranged in a Finder window on the Mac. When we keep them arranged, we are grouping our files and folders together by type, date, or tag.

Grouping Files Together in a Finder Window through the Menu Bar
To group or arrange your files and folders together, you need to go to Use Groups in the Menu Bar and then select how you want them grouped under the same menu. Once you select how you want them to be grouped, your files will be grouped together. You need to be looking at your files and folder in either the icon, list, or column view for this to show. It does not work in Gallery view.

Grouping Files Together through the Arrange button in a Finder Window
You can also click on the Arrange button in a Finder window to group your files and folders together. This button is located in the toolbar. Once you click on it, you select how you want them to be grouped or arranged.

Grouping by Tags
When you group your files and folders by tags, you may see duplicate files or more. This will happen when a file or folder has more than one tag on it. When you arrange them by tag, that one file will show up under each tag in the Finder window.

In this lesson for in macOS Mojave for the Mac, I look at how to perform specific tasks or actions in a Finder WIndow. This is similar to using the Secondary Menu.

Performing Tasks or Actions from a Finder Window Toolbar
To perform tasks or actions from a Finder window, you go to the toolbar in a Finder WIndow and click on the Actions button. When you click on it, you will see all the tasks available. These tasks will change depending on what you have selected. If you do not have anything selected, you can create folders. With files, you can open the Get Info window or add tags to the file. Again, your tasks available will change depending on what you have selected.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how to work with tabs in a window on the Mac. With tabs, you can be looking at multiple folders within the same window, each folder is in its own tab within the same window.

Opening a New Tab in a Finder Window
To open a new tab in a Finder window, go up to File in the Menu Bar and select New Tab. When you do this, a new folder will be shown in the window. You can see the tabs below the toolbar in the window. To select a tab, click on the tab, once you click the tab you will see all the files and folders in that tab. You can move around to different folders within each tab.

Adding another Tab to a Window
Once you have a window open with tabs, you will see a ‘+” at the right side of the tabs in the window. Click on the ‘+’ to add another tab.

Moving Tabs
To move a tab within a window, drag the tab around within the window.

Merging windows into a Tabs
To combine your open windows into tabs in a single window, go to Window in the Menu Bar and select Merge All Windows. All your open windows will be merged into a single window as tabs.

Move Tab to a Window
To move a tab into a separate window, select Window in the Menu Bar and then select Move Tab to a Window. You can also grab a tab out of a window to move it to a window.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at the different options there are with the sidebar in a Finder window on the Mac. The sidebar gives shortcuts to various folders, drives, and tags. We can customize what it shows in this sidebar including adding different folders and hiding categories altogether.

Rearranging the Side Bar
To rearrange the times in the sidebar of a Finder window, just drag them up or down. You can only move them within their section, so you can’t move a folder to tags, you can only move it within the folder section.

Selecting which items to show in the Sidebar
To choose which items you want in the sidebar, you need to go to Finder preferences. This is under Finder in the Menu Bar. A new window will open, select the Sidebar tab. You will see all the default folders you can have in the Sidebar. Just select the items you want in your Sidebar.

Adding Items via Drag and Drop
You can also add folders to the Sidebar by dragging and dropping. Just drag the folder you want in the sidebar where you want in the Sidebar.

Removing Items from the Side Bar
To remove an item, just drag it out of the sidebar. Once you drag it out far enough, you will see an ‘x’ under the cursor. When you see this, it will remove the item from the Sidebar.

Setting the Sidebar Icon Size
To set the size of the icons in the Sidebar, open the System Preferences under the Apple Menu. Select the General preference pane. From the dropdown next to Sidebar Icon Size, select the size you’d like the icons to be.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how you can customize the Toolbar in a Finder window on the Mac, including how you change the icons to text only, rearrange the tools, add new tools, and remove tools from the Toolbar.

Changing Icons to Text
To change the icons in a toolbar to text only, control-click (hold down the control key and click) or use the secondary click on the toolbar itself. A popup will show with options to show icons and text, icon only, or text only. Select what you’d like to see in the Toolbar.

Rearranging Tools in the Toolbar
To rearrange the tools in the Toolbar, command-click (hold down the command key) and click on any one of the icons to tools. Then drag it to where you want in your Toolbar.

Adding and Remove Tools to the Toolbar
To add and remove tools from the Toolbar, control-click again on the toolbar and select Customize. A sheet will drop down with all the options for the Toolbar. Just drag what you want in your Toolbar where you want it. To remove a tool, drag it off the Toolbar. When you are finished, click on Done.

Changing the Toolbar back to Default Tools
If you want the original tools back in the Toolbar after you’ve customized it, go back to Customize and in the bottom if the sheet that drops down, there is a default tool set. Drag that back up to the Toolbar, this will remove any customizations and return the Toolbar back to its default tools.

Customizing the Toolbar in other Apps
You can also customize the Toolbar in other apps such as Pages, Numbers, and Keynote using this same technique.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at the Notification Center on the Mac and how you can customize notifications for applications on the Mac.

Accessing the Notification Center
To access the Notification Center on your Mac, you click on the three horizontal lines in the upper right corner of the Mac display. If you have a trackpad, you can also swipe with two fingers from the right edge on the trackpad. Both of these techniques will slide out the Notification Center/Today View on the right side of the display. At the top of this slide out will be two tabs, one for the Notification Center, the other for the Today View. Click on the Notification Center. This will show you all your Notifications from various apps. Click on a notification to open that alert in the App that notified you.

Turning On Do Not Disturb
To turn on Do Not Disturb, swipe down while in the Notification Center or Today View. A slide will appear, turn the slider on to turn Do Not Disturb on. It will automatically switch back off on the next day.

Notification Options for Apps
To access how an app will notify you, open the System Preferences under the Apple Menu. Then click on Notifications. You can also click on the gear at the bottom of the Notification Center to open Notifications in the System Preferences.

Do Not Disturb Options
With Do Not Disturb, you can set it to turn on and off automatically at set times, turn on when the display is sleeping, and when you are mirroring your Mac to a TV or projector. You can also set if you want FaceTime calls to come through even when Do Not Disturb is on. You can allow calls from everyone or just people in your contacts, and allow calls that have been repeated within three minutes.

Application Notification Settings
Within each application that can notify you, you can see the type of alert you will receive. You can set it to none, banners, or alerts. None will not show any notifications at all, banners will show for a few seconds in the upper right corner of your Mac, and then they will disappear, and alerts will stay until you dismiss them.

You can also set if you want to show notifications on the lock screen, display a preview of the notification, show the notification in the Notification Center, show the notification as a badge app icon, and play a sound when you get a notification.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how to view the Today View on the Mac, as well as how to customize what is shown in the Today View.

Accessing the Today View
To access the Today View, you click on the three horizontal lines in the upper right corner of the display. This will slide out the Notification Center/Today View. There will be two tabs at the top, click on Today to view the Today View. You can also swipe from the right edge of the trackpad to open this view.

Viewing the Today View
When you are viewing the Today View, you will what is going on today from various apps. It does this through widgets, each app will have its own widget. The Stocks app will show you how the stocks you are following are doing today thought the Stocks widget, the Calendar app will show what appointments you have today through the Calendar widget.

Rearranging Today View Widgets
To reorder how the Today View widgets are shown, click on Edit at the bottom of the Today view. The Today View will slide out further and on the left panel will be all the current widgets. At the top-right of each widget will be three lines, drag these lines up and down to rearrange the widgets. Click on Done at the bottom when you are finished.

Adding and Deleting Widgets
To add or delete widgets that are shown in the Today View, click on Edit at the bottom of the Today View again. The Today View will slide over into two panels. The panel on the left shows the current widgets, while the panel on the right shows the widgets which are available. Click on the green ‘+’ to add a widget from the available widgets to your Today View. In the current widgets, click on the red ‘-‘ to remove a widget.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at Siri on the Mac including Siri’s various preferences.

Accessing Siri
To access Siri, you click on the Siri icon in the Menu Bar on the right side. You can also open Siri in the Applications folder and use the keyboard shortcut command-space. If you use the keyboard shortcut, you do have to hold the two keys, command and the space bar, for a second or two. Siri will not pop up right away. Once Siri pops up in the upper right corner, you can use Siri.

What can you say to Siri?
Just like with an iOS device, you can ask Siri the weather or how a game is going. But in addition to this, you can also ask Siri open folders or show you the files you worked in the last week. To see what you can say to Siri, just ask her “What can I say.”

Accessing Siri’s Preferences
To open Siri’s preferences, you open the System Preferences. One way of doing this is through the Apple Menu on the upper left of your display. Once System Preferences opens, select Siri. From there you can set what the keyboard shortcut is, the language, Siri’s voice, and well as if you want to hear feedback from Siri. You can also set if you want to have Siri in the Menu Bar.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how we can manage our open windows and full-screen apps using Mission Control and Spaces on the Mac.

What is Mission Control
Mission Control is an application on your Mac that allows you to see all your open windows from the Finder and your open apps as thumbnails. Top bring a window open, you then click on it. You can also see all your full-screen apps as Spaces at the top of the display, just click on the Space to bring that Space forward. By using Mission Control, you can easily find a specific window even if you a number of windows open, and you can create and go to a specific Space to help keep all your open applications and windows organized.

Viewing all your Open Windows from all your Open Applications
To view all the open windows as thumbnails, you need to open Mission Control. There are several ways to do the, you can open the application in your Applications folder. But that’s not efficient. So then what I recommend is keeping it in your Dock so you can easily click on the app in the Dock to open Mission Control. You can also use a keyboard shortcut – the command key and up arrow key. If you have a trackpad, you can also swipe up with three fingers on your trackpad. When you open Mission Control, you will see all your windows from the Finder and your apps in thumbnails scattered across your display. If you hover over a window thumbnail, the folder name or app name will show above the window. Click on it to bring it forward.

Viewing your Spaces
When you open an application in full screen, it opens into a Space. When you open Mission Control at the top of the display, you will see all your spaces. If you move the cursor over top of a space, you will also see a thumbnail. Just click on a space to move to that space.

Creating New Spaces and Removing Spaces
To create a new space, move your cursor to the top right while in Mission Control, you will see a ‘+’. Click on it to create a new space. From there you can drag any open windows in Mission Control to that Space. To close a space, move your cursor over a Space and click on the ‘x’ above it.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how to use split-view when working with apps in full-screen. When you use split-view, you can place two apps or folders side-by-side while in full-screen view on the Mac.

Opening an App or Window in Full-Screen
The first thing you need to do is open an app or folder in full-screen. Once you do that, you can then split that into two views. To open an app or window in full screen, click on the green dot in the upper left corner of the window. When you do this, it will open in its own Space (see Mission Control for more information on Spaces).

Adding an App or Folder for Split-View
Once you have an app in full-screen or in its own Space, open Mission Control. Then drag the app or window you want to view in split-screen onto a Space at the top of Mission Control that has an app or window in full-screen. You can split it on the left or right side depending on where you drag it.

Closing a Split View
To close a split-view, close the window you no longer want to be in the split-view.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how to share files between an iOS device and your Mac using AirDrop.

Opening AirDrop on the Mac
To open AirDrop on the Mac, open a Finder window. In the sidebar will be AirDrop by default. When you select this, Airdrop will open. From there you will see any devices the Mac see Toward the bottom of the list will be the options. You can select if you want AirDrop on at all, if you want only your contacts to see your computer, or if you want everyone to see your computer.

Sharing Files via AirDrop
When you have the AirDrop folder open, and you see a device, such as an iPhone, just drag the file you want to share on to that device. The other device will receive an alert requesting you to accept the file. If you do not see your other device, make sure AirDrop is on in the other device, your contact is in the other device’s contacts, or it is set to see everyone.

When they want to share a file with your Mac, they share the file via AirDrop on the iPhone or iPad and then they will see the computer. Again, if they do not see your iPad or iPhone, make sure AirDrop is on in the other device, your contact is in the other device’s contacts, or it is set to see everyone.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at the different options we have with iCloud on the Mac. With iCloud, we can sync our contacts, calendars, and more including our Desktop and Documents folder.

Accessing iCloud Settings
To access the different settings and services iCloud has to offer, you need to open the System Preferences. One way of doing this is by going to the Apple Menu and selecting System Preferences. In the window that opens, select the iCloud Preference Pane.

Turning different services on and off
Once the iCloud preference pane opens, all the services available through iCloud will show. To turn on or off a service, just select or deselect the checkbox.

Syncing Desktop and Documents
With iCloud Drive, there are a few more options you can choose. Click on Options to see these features. The first option is for Desktop and Documents. When this is selected, your desktop and documents folder will be available through iCloud. This way you could access the files and folders on your Desktop or in your Documents folder from the Files app on your iPad or iPhone. If you use this feature on another Mac, the two Macs will share the same Desktop and Documents folders. You can also select with apps are able to store information in iCloud.

Syncing Photos
With Photos, we can set if you want to use iCloud Photos. When you click on Options next to Photos and select iCloud Photos, all your photos on your Mac are stored in iCloud. If you use iCloud Photos on your other devices, they will share the same photos. If you add a photo on your Mac, it will be added to your iPad and iPhone. Edit a photo on your iPhone, the edited version will show on your Mac and iPad. This option does take up space so you may need to buy more space. You can also set if you want to use My Photo Stream and Shared Albums. If you use iCloud Photo Libray, you do not need to use My Photo Stream. Shared albums allow you to create albums that you can share with other iCloud users.

Buying more Space
Apple gives you a small amount of space to start out with. Space can be used quickly, especially if you use iCloud Photo Library. To see what is using your space, look at the bar chart toward the bottom of the window. To purchase more space, click on Manage.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave on the Mac, I look at System Preferences. The System Preferences are where you can set the default behaviors for your Mac. You do this through Preference Panes. If you want to change how you Dock behaves, you go to the Dock Preference Pane, you want to set up your mouse, you go to the Mouse Preference Pane.

Accessing System Preferences
System Preferences us just another application on your Mac. To open it, you just need to open the System Preferences application, which is located in your Applications folder. There are easier ways to open it though. You will always find your System Preferences under the Apple Menu in the upper left corner of your display. Also, by default, System Preferences is located on your Dock, so you could also just click on it in the Dock.

Preference Panes
When you open System Preferences, you will see all your preference panes. These preference panes control various features of your Mac. Just click on a preference pane to open it. When you are finished, you can click on the left arrow at the top of the window, or click on the button with the 12 dots on it. This will bring you back to all your preference panes again.

Changing the View of your Preference Panes
When you open System Preferences, you will see all your Preference Panes. They are categorized into 4 rows. If you want to arrange them alphabetically, you go up to View in the Menu Bar and select Organize Alphabetically.

Selecting a Preference Pane to Open
There are various ways to choose a preference pane to open. You can click on them when looking at all your preference panes, You can also click-and-hold on the button with the 12 dots. When you do this, a list of all the preference panes will show, just select the one you want to open. You can also go to View in the Menu Bar to get to this list. If you have System Preferences in your Dock, you can also click-and-hold on the System Preferences icon in the Dock to see a list of all your Preference Panes.

Searching Preference Panes
At the top left of the System Preferences window is the Search field. Just type in here what you are searching for. The Mac will highlight the preference pane and also show you a list of result. You can use Windows search terms here, as an example, you can search for, and the Mac will show you Desktop Pictures.

Hiding Select Preference Panes
You can also hide select preference panes by going to View again in the Menu Bar and selecting Customize. When you do this, each preference pane will have a checkmark. Just deselect the preference panes you want to hide. When you are finished, click done at the top of the window and the preference panes you selected will be hidden.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave on the Mac, I look at the General Preference pane in more detail. The General Preference pane is where you can set if you want to use Dark Mode (new in macOS Mojave), if you want to show the scrollbars in a window, as well as the default browser you want to use.

Appearance
This option is new in macOS Mojave. With Appearance, you can set if you want to view macOS in Light mode, which is on by default, or Dark mode, which makes all the windows, menu bar, and dock dark.

Accent Color and Highlight Color
This sets the color of what you highlight and select including what the color is when you click in the Menu Bar.

Sidebar Icon Size
This sets the size of the icons in a Finder window sidebar.

Automatically Hide the Menu Bar
When you turn this on, the Menu Bar will automatically hide unless you have the cursor at the top of your display.

Show Scroll Bars and Scroll Bar Behavior when Clicked
This is where you can set if you want to always see the scrollbars in a window as well as what happens when you click on the scroll bar. You can set it to jump page-by-page everytime you click, or jump to the spot that you click on in the scroll bar.

Default Web Browser
This is where you set what browser you want tor Mac to use by default. You must have the browsers installed on your Mac before you can select them as a default browser.

Ask to Keep Changes when Closing Documents
By default, your Mac will save any changes to a document when you close the document. If you select this, the Mac will ask you to save changes before it closes the window.

Close Windows when Quitting an App
This sets if you want the Mac to close any open windows when you quit an app. If you select this, the next time you open the app you closed, your documents will not re-open.

Recent Items
This is where you can set how many recent items show under the Apple Menu.

Allow Handoff
When this is turned on, you can ‘hand off’ documents that your start on your Mac or iOS device to one another.

Use Font Smoothing
This will smooth the font on your display when the feature is available.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave on the Mac, I look at how to use Hot Corners. With Hot Corners, you can set your Mac to do specific tasks by moving your cursor to one of the corners of your display. As an example, you can set it to when you move your cursor to the lower right corner of your display, your Mac will hide all the apps and windows and only show your Desktop. I use this feature on a daily basis.

Accessing Hot Corner Preferences
To set what you want you Mac to do when you move the cursor to a corner, you first open System Preferences. From here you can access Hot Corners from either the Desktop & Screensaver preference pane or the Mission Control preference pane. If you use the Desktop & Screensaver preference pane, you’ll need to make sure you are looking at the Screen Saver options to see Hot Corners.

Setting Hot Corners
Once you access Hot Corners preferences, you will see your display with four pulldowns, one for each corner. Just select what you want to happen when you move your cursor to a corner.

Hot Corner Options

• Start Screensaver: This option will start your screensaver.

• Stop Screensaver: This option will stop your screensaver.

• Mission Control: This option will open Mission Control.

• Application Window: This option will only show your current application windows as thumbnails and hide all the other windows.

• Desktop: This option will hide all the applications and windows and show the desktop.

• Dashboard: This option will display the Dashboard.

• Notification Center: This option will open the Notification Center.

• Launchpad: This option will open the Launchpad where you can see all your applications.

• Put Display to Sleep: This option will put your display to sleep.

• Lock Screen: This option will lock your screen. You’ll need the user account password to unlock the screen again.

• –: This option does nothing. If you select this and move your cursor to the corner, your Mac will not do anything. It’s like turning that Hot Corner off.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at the different options we have with printers and scanners on the Mac.

Accessing Print and Scan Preferences
To access the preferences for printing and scanning, you need to open System Preferences under the Apple Menu. In the window that opens, click on Printers & Scanners. On the left will be all the printers and scanners connected to your Mac. At the top of the window is a tab with two options, Print and Scan. Click on the appropriate tab for preferences for your printers and scanners.

Opening the Print Queue and Supplies
To open the Print Queue, click on Open Print Queue. A new window will open showing the print queue for the selected printer. In this window, you can also click on a button to open the options and supplies window. You can also do this from the main preferences.

Default Printer
To set what the default printer is, if you have more than one printer, click on the pulldown for Default Printer. From there you can select a specific printer or choose the last printer used. If you select this option, the default printer will change depending on what printer you’ve last used.

Default Paper Size
This is where you can set the default paper size for your printers.

Printing Documents
To print a document, go under File in the Menu Bar while in your document. You can also use the keyboard shortcut command-P. When you print, a sheet will drop down showing all your printing options. From here you can select which printer you want to use, the options for that printer, how many copies, pages, orientation, and scale. If you don’t see all the options, you can click on Show Details to see them. For a more simplified interface, click on Less Details.

Scanning Documents
If your printer has a scanner, click on the Scanner tab at the top of the Printers & Scanners preference pane. Then click on Open Scanner. A new window will open from the scanner app the scanner uses. From there you will see either a simplified interface with few options or a more detailed interface. To toggle between these two interfaces, click on the Show Details or Hide Details button. Then you are in the detailed interface, you can set the kind, DPI, rotation, name, format, and where the scan is going to be saved. Click on Overview to get an overview, then click on Scan to scan.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at the sound options we have on the Mac through the Sound Preference Pane in the System Preferences.

Accessing Sound Preferences
To access the preferences for sound, you need to open System Preferences under the Apple Menu. In the window that opens, click on sound. At the top will be a tab with three options, Sound Effects, Output, and Input. Also at the bottom will be a slider for Output Volume, Mute, and Show Volume in Menu Bar. These last three options will show in al the tabs.

Sound Effects
With Sound Effects, we can set what the Mac uses as an alert sound. If you have speakers connected to your Mac, you can also set where the sound effects play through. There is also a separate volume for alert sounds and settings for if you want to play user interface sound effects and if you want to hear feedback when you change the volume.

Output or setting your Speakers
The Output section is where you set which speakers your Mac will use for sound output. You can also set the balance.

Input or setting your Microphone
The Input section is where you set which microphone your Mac will use for sound input. You can also set the level for the microphone.

Show Volume in Menu Bar
This shows at the bottom of the Sound Preference Pane and sets if you want to see volume as a menu extra. When this is selected, you can see the volume your mac is set to in the Menu Bar, you can change the volume from the Menu Bar, and select which speaker you want to use through the Menu Bar. If you hold down the Option key while clicking onto Volume Menu Extra, you can also set which microphone you want to use.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at the different Wi-Fi settings a Mac has including how to prioritize networks, remove networks, ask to join networks the Mac finds, and more.

Accessing Wi-Fi Settings
To access the Wi-Fi settings, you need to open System Preferences. One way of doing this is selecting System Preferences under the Apple Menu. Once System Preferences is open, click on the Network Preference Pane. To the right in the window that opens will be all the ways your Mac can connect to a network. I am going to focus on Wi-Fi, so you’ll want to select this in the list.

Selecting a Network
To select a network, click on the drop-down menu next to Network Name. Elect a network from the list. If the network requires a password, you will see a lock. If your network you want to access is hidden or not public, select Join Other Network at the bottom and type in the network name and password. Once you are connected, you will see a green dot in the list next to Wi-Fi. You can also set if you want your Mac to join the selected network automatically.

Ask to Join New Networks
If you want your Mac to ask to join networks that are unknown to your Mac, select Ask to Join New Networks.

Accessing Wi-Fi Options in the Menu Bar
To select Wi-Fi networks from your Menu Bar, select Show Wi-Fi Status in Menu Bar. You will see the strength of the network as well as be able to join another network. If you hold down eh option key and click on the icon in the Menu Bar, you will also be able to run diagnostics as well as see more information about the network.

Prioritizing Preferred Networks
When you have more than one network available to you, you may want to set which network your Mac connects to. To do this, click on Advanced… In the slider that drops down will be all your preferred networks. These are networks that you’ve connected to before. To make one a higher priority than another, just drag it toward the top. This will tell your Mac to connect to the prioritized network automatically in the future.

Adding and Deleting Preferred Networks
To add a network to your Preferred Networks, click on the ‘+’ a the bottom. To remove a network, select it and click on the ‘-‘. You can also deselect Auto-Join for any network, this will remember the network, but it won’t automatically join it.

Require Administration Authorization for Changes
You can set if you want to require administration authorization to create computer-to-computer networks, change networks, and turn Wi-Fi on an off.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at the options there are when setting up internet accounts on the Mac. This is where you add your internet accounts such as Google, Yahoo, and Exchange accounts.

Accessing Internet Accounts
To access the Internet Accounts, you need to go to the System Preferences, which is under the Apple Menu. Once the System Preferences opens, select Internet Accounts.

Internet Account Options
When you are looking at your Internet Accounts, you will see all the accounts linked up to your Mac on the left. To add another account, click on the + at the bottom and follow the instructions. To see what options an account has, just select it on the left. All the options will show on the right. If you do not want to use an option, just deselect it. Not all accounts will have the same options. If you want to disable an account without deleting it, just uncheck all the options for that account.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how to create new users for the Mac as well as the different options there are for users.

Accessing User & Groups
To access User & Groups, you need to open System Preferences. One way of doing this is selecting System Preferences under the Apple Menu. Once System Preferences is open, click on the User & Groups Preference Pane.

Unlocking Users & Groups
The first thing you’ll need to do is unlock the preference pane. To do that, click on the lock at the bottom of the window and then enter your computer password. Once you do this, you’ll be able to see all the options and make changes if needed.

User List
On the right is the user list. These are all the users on your computer. In most cases, this will only have one entry in it. To create a new user, click on the ‘+’ at the bottom of the list and enter the information. If you want them to be an administrator, make sure the dropdown at the top says, Administrator. When you create a new user, you are creating a new user folder, and that person can then log in to your Mac. Their Home Folder will be what you type in Account Name.

User Options
Once you create a new user and close the sheet that drops down, you can change the picture by clicking the image and change the password.

User Login Items
To set applications to open when the user logs in, click on Login Items at the top. From there you can drag the application into the list, or click on the ‘+’ at the bottom and select the applications you want to open when the person logs in. If you want them to open but hide automatically when they open, check the Hide checkbox next to the application.

Login Options
Login Options under the list of users and groups is where you set what happens when your computer starts up. You can have it login to a specific user or show a list of users. If you do not want to see a list of users, you can also select Name and Password. This is usually used when there are a large number of users such as in a school. There are also other options including how you want the User Switching to show in the Menu Bar.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how to add parental controls to a user on the Mac. Parental controls include managing which apps are accessible, website, purchasing options, time on the computer, and other options.

Accessing Parental Controls
To access Parental Controls, you need to open System Preferences. One way of doing this is selecting System Preferences under the Apple Menu. Once System Preferences is open, click on the Parental Controls Preference Pane.

Unlocking Parental Controls
The first thing you’ll need to do is unlock the Parental Controls preference pane. To do that, click on the lock at the bottom of the window and then enter your computer password. Once you do this, you’ll be able to see all the options for Parental Controls.

What Users can Parental Controls be Applied To
On the left will be a list of users parental controls can be applied too. You cannot apply parents controls to administrators, so this list will not contain any administrators on your computer. To add a new user, click on the ‘+’ at the bottom. Once you add a user that is not an administrator, you can apply parental controls to that user. Select the user to access the different options for that user.

App Options
When you click on Apps in the tab bar, you can set if you want the user to access the cameras, join Game Center multiplayer games, limit Mail to only allowed contacts, and limit the applications the user has access to.

Web Options
Under the Web tab, you see if the user has unrestricted access to websites, if your want macOS to try to limit access to adult sites (you can customize the sites), or only allow access to specific websites.

Store and Purchasing Options
The Stores tab allows you to disable the iTunes Store, iTunes U, and Apple Books (formerly known as iBooks). You can also restrict content by ratings.

Adding Time Restrictions
Under the Time tab, you can set weekday and weekend limits. You can aloe retract access to the computer at certain times for school nights and weekends.

Privacy Options
Privacy is where you can set what apps have access to your data including contacts, calendars, reminders, and diagnostics.

Other Options
Under Other is where you can turn off access to Siri and dictation, disable editing of printers and scanners, block CD and DVD burning, restrict explicit language in the Dictionary, prevent the Dock from being modified, and use a simple Finder.

Viewing Logs
Under Logs is where you can view the logs that macOS takes.

Copying Parental Controls from One User and Apply Them to Another
Once you set parental controls up for a user, you can copy those settings and apply them to another user. Select the user you want to copy them from and then click on the gear below the liftoff users. Select Copy. Now click on the user you want to apply them to, click on the gear again and paste the settings.

Turning off Parental Controls for a User
If you want to turn off parental controls for a user, select the user, click on the gear below the list of users and then select Turn Off Parental Controls.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at the new Dark appearance that was introduced with macOS Mojave. Earlier versions of macOS do not have this feature. In older versions of macOS’s, you could only select the highlight color and not the overall appearance of your Mac. With macOS Mojave, Apple introduced the new Dark Appearance.

Enabling the Dark Appearance
To enable the dark appearance, you need to go to your System Preferences. From there select the General pane. The first option you’ll see is Appearance with two options – Light and Dark.

Use Dark Background for Messages Option
When you are using the dark appearance, the entire Mac interface switches to a darker appearance including your Mail Messages. If you prefer to read and write your messages on the lighter background, you can enable this in Mail Preferences. Just open your Mail Preferences (under Mail in the menu bar when Mail is open). Then select the Viewing Tab. You’ll see an option for using the dark background for messages. Just deselect this to use the lighter background for reading and writing messages in Mail. This option only shows when you are using the dark appearance.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at the new Dynamic Desktop feature. With the Dynamic Desktop, the desktop picture will change based on the time of day. There are two dynamic desktops available – Mojave and Solar Gradients.

Selecting a Dynamic Desktop
To choose a Dynamic Desktop, you need to go to your System Preferences. From there select Desktop & Screen Saver. In the sidebar on the left, make sure you have Desktop Pictures selected. When you do, you’ll have the option to choose one of two Dynamic Desktops – Mojave and Solar Gradient. When you select one of these, your desktop will change depending on the time of day.

Selecting a Still Image
With the Mojave Dynamic Desktop, you can also select a still image from the pull-down menu below the Mojave Dynamic Desktop name. You do not have this option with the Solar Gradient Dynamic Desktop.

New Desktop Images
Apple also introduced new desktop images with Mojave. You’ll find these under the Desktop Pictures category below Dynamic Desktop.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how you can view recent apps in the Dock, including how to remove a recent app and move it or favorite the app, so it is in the Dock all the time.

Working with the Dock
In the previous version of the Mac, the Dock was separated into two sections – you had your favorite and open apps on the left side of the Dock, while your favorite files and folders were on the right side. With macOS Mojave, Apple has added a new section – Recent Apps. This section is located between your apps and documents in the Dock. Any app you open that is not located in the Dock will show in this section. When you close the app, it will remain there until it is replaced by another app. The Recent Apps section displays the last three apps you’ve opened.

Removing an App from Recent Apps
To remove an app from this section, you just drag it up until you see Remove above the app icon. When you see this, your app will be removed from the dock.

Moving a Recent app to your Favorites in the Dock
You can move an app from your Recent Apps to your Favorites by dragging it from the Recent Apps section to your Favorites section in the Dock.

Turning off Recent Apps
If you do not want to see your recent apps in the dock, you can go to your Dock preference pane in the System Preferences. In this preference pane, you will see an option for Show Recent Applications in the Dock. Just deselect this to remove this section from your Dock.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at the new gallery View when viewing files and folders in a Finder Window.

Viewing Files and Folders in Gallery View
Apple replaced the Cover Flow view we had when viewing files and folders with the new gallery View. I like to think of the Gallery View as a cleaned up or updated version of Cover Flow. When you select a file, you still get a large preview of the file using Gallery View as you did with Cover Flow. The big difference is it is just cleaned up a bit. When you view your files and folders in Gallery View, your Finder window is divided in two with the preview above the files and folders showing below the preview. To show your files and folders in the new Gallery view, you just select the far right icon in the window toolbar for your views. You can also go to View in the menu bar and select Gallery View.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at the new Software Update preference pane in the Mac’s System Preferences. In previous versions of macOS, all the software updates were handled by the Mac App Store. This included apps you’ve downloaded from the App Store and any macOS updates. With macOS Mojave, Apple has moved the system updates out of the App Store an into a new preference pane in System Preferences – Software Update. This new preference pane is now where you can see if there are any updates to your Mac and where you set up automatic updates. Any updates to apps you’ve downloaded are still handled by the App Store.

Checking for Software Updates
To open the Software Update preference pane, you need to first open your System Preferences. Once you do that, you’ll see a new preference pane for Software Update. When you open it, your Mac will check for any software updates. If there are any, you can install them from here.

Setting Advanced Automatic Options for Updates
You can set what you want your mac to automatically update by click on Advanced in the Software Update preference pane. When you click on Advanced, you’ll see various options.

Check for Updates
When this is selected, your Mac will automatically check for updates. This option does not automatically install them, all it does it check for them.

Download New Updates when Available
When there is a new update, this option will allow your mac to download the update. It does not install the updates though, it just downloads them.

Install macOS Updates
With this option, your Mac will install any updates automatically.

Install App Updates from the App Store
This option allows the App Store to update any apps that you’ve downloaded from the app store. You have this same option in the App Store preferences.

Install System Data Files and Security Updates
With this option, your Mac will install any system data files and security updates, but it will not install general updates such as when Apple introduces a new feature.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how to stack files together in groups on the desktop.

Grouping Files Together in Stacks
To group your files together in Stacks on the Desktop, you go to View in the menu bar and select Use Stacks. When you do this, your files will be grouped together by stacks on the Desktop. When you group your files together into Stacks, the Finder does not stack your folders. This only works with files.

Selecting how Stacks are Grouped Together
To select how your files are stacked together, you go to View in the menu bar and select Group Stacks by. Then select how you want to them to be stacked. You can select by kind, date, tags, as well as other options.

Opening and Closing a Stack
To open a Stack, you click on it one time. When you do this, all the files in that stack will show. Click on stack again to close it. Stacks do not close automatically. You can also open more than one stack at a time.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how to keep folders on top when looking at the Desktop in the Finder.

Keep Folders on Top
In past versions of macOS, you could keep the folders on top when you sort them by name while looking at your files and folders in a Finder Window. When you selected this option in the Finder Preferences, it did not do anything for your desktop, this only worked in a Finder window. With macOS Mojave, you can now keep your folders on top on the Desktop. You select this option by going to the Diner Preferences. To view the preferences, you select Finder in the menu bar and select Preferences. From there select the Advanced tab. You’ll see a new option for keeping the folders on top. In addition to keeping them on top when sorting by name (this is when you view them in a Finder window), you can also select On Desktop. When you select this, your folders will be sorted to the top on your Desktop.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how to view the complete metadata of a file in a Finder Window.

Show Preview
The first thing you need to do is make sure you have Show Preview on in a Finder Window. The Preview is where the metadata is shown. To show the Preview, you go to View in the menu bar and select Show Preview. If it says Hide Preview, your preview is already shown. If this option is grayed out, open a Finder window, you’ll be able to select the option then.

Show More Metadata
When you select a file, in the preview section of the Finder Window, you’ll see some metadata. This includes the name, file size, the date it was created, and the date it was modified. To see more metadata, click on Show More. All the metadata for the selected file will be shown. To show less, click on Show Less.

Selecting what Metadata is Shown
Depending on the file type you have selected, you’ll get different metadata. With a photo, you’ll see the camera it was taken with as an example. With a PDF, you’ll see how many pages it is. You can select what metadata you want to see by default. First, select the file, then under View select Show Preview options. A new window will open. Just select the options you want to see by default in this window. These options will change depending on the file type you have selected.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at the new Quick Actions there are in a Finder window. With Quick Actions, we can apply various actions to a file from within a Finder Window.

Turning on the Preview in a Finder Window
Before we can apply any Quick Actions, we need to make sure that the preview is shown when we are looking at a file in a Finder Window. Quick Actions are applied through the preview. To show your preview, open a Finder window and then go to View in the menu bar. Select Show Preview. When you do this, you will see a preview of your selected file.

Quick Actions
Quick Actions are shown at the bottom of the preview when looking at a file in a Finder window. These actions will change depending on the type of file you have selected. With an image, we can rotate it, mark it up, and make a PDF out of it. With movies, we can rotate and trim them. To use Quick Actions, just select the file you want to apply a quick action to, then select action you want to apply from the bottom of the preview.

Marking Up a File
With certain file types, we can mark them up using a Quick Action. If you can mark it up, you’ll see the markup action, just click on that to mark up your file. When you markup a file, all your tools are located across the top of the window. You can draw lines and shapes, add a magnifier, add signatures, add text, style lines and text, rotate and crop images, and trim videos. Once you are finished marking the file up, you can then share the file or save it.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how to insert a photo a document on the Mac using the camera on your iPhone or iPad.

Inserting a Photo or Scanning a Document from your iPhone or iPad
Before you can take a photo or scan a document with your iPhone or iPad, you must be using the same iCloud account, and Bluetooth needs to be on. To insert a photo or scan a document, just create a new document in the app you want to insert a photo in (or scan a document into), from there you go to the menu bar and select File. You’ll see an option for to Import from iPhone or iPad. Just select this option and choose your device. You can also select if you want to take a photo or scan a document. Some apps will also have an icon for importing photos in the toolbar, and you can also control-click (hold down the control key and click in the document) to get a menu that has the import option.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at the new privacy options macOS Mojave has, including how to see which apps are using the camera, microphone, contacts, calendars, and more.

Accessing Privacy Options
To access the Privacy Options, you need to go to your System Preferences. From there select Security & Privacy. You’ll see a tab for Privacy, select Privacy. This is where you will find what apps have access to various information including your contacts, your calendar, and your location. To see what apps have access to your contacts as an example, select Contacts on the left. You’ll see which app have access to your contacts and you can revoke that access if you’d like.

New macOS Mojave Privacy Options
macOS Mojave added several new privacy options including Camera, Microphone, Full Disk Access, Automation, Analytics, and Advertising. Just select any one of these options to see which apps have access and what options you have for restrictions.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how to take a screenshot of your entire screen, take a screenshot of a window, take a screenshot of a selection, and taking a recording of your display or selection.

Taking a Screenshot of your Entire Screen or Display
To pull up the new tools introduced in macOS Mojave for screenshots and recording, you hold down the Command and Shift keys (⌘) along with the 5 key. If you’ve been taking screenshots with past macOS’s, you know you use Command (⌘), shift 3 and 4. You can still use those but with Command (⌘)-Shift-5, you get all the tools including how to take a screenshot of your entire screen. When you use the key command, you’ll see your tools float at the bottom of your display. Elect the first tool on the right to take a screenshot of your entire screen.

Taking a Screenshot of a Window
Use the key command (⌘) Command-Shift-5 to bring up the screenshot toolbar at the bottom of your display. Now select the second option from the left. When you click on this, when you move your mouse over a window, you’ll see that window turn blue and the icon will change to a camera. Just click on the window you want a screenshot of and macOS will take a screenshot.

Taking a Screenshot of a Selection
Use the key command (⌘) Command-Shift-5 to bring up the screenshot toolbar at the bottom of your display. Now select the third option from the left. When you click on this, you’ll see a selection border on your screen. Just drag any of the handles to change what is selected. The handles are located on each corner as well as the top and bottom and left and right side of the selection window or border. Once you have it selected, click on Capture in the toolbar.

Taking a Recording of your Entire Screen or Display
Use the key command (⌘) Command-Shift-5 to bring up the screenshot toolbar at the bottom of your display. Now select the fourth or fifth option from the left. To take a screen recording of your entire screen, you’ll select the 4th option from the left, if you want a recording of a selection, click the 5th option from the left and then make your selection. When you are ready to take the recording, click on Record in the toolbar. If you have multiple microphones to record from, you can select which microphone you want to use when you start recording under Options. If you do not want to record any audio, you can also set None there. You can also show mouse clicks whenever you click the mouse, again this option is under Options.

Saving your Screenshot
When you click on Options, you can set where you want your screenshot to be saved. You can save it in a folder or have it open an app. You can also save it to the clipboard if you are going to paste it into another app. By default, it saves it to the Desktop.

Setting a Timer
Under options is also where you can set a timer for taking a screenshot. When you set a timer, when you click on your display you want a screenshot of, your Mac will wait either 5 or 10 seconds to take the screenshot. This comes in handy if you want to select a menu or take a screenshot of something you are doing and you need a slight delay before you take the screenshot.

Show Floating Thumbnail
When you select Show ‘Floating Thumbnail’ under Options, after you take your screenshot, it will show in the lower right corner of your screen for a few seconds. If you click on it while it’s showing as a thumbnail, you can mark it up.

Remember Last Selection
When this is selected under Options, any settings or options you have set here will be remembered for your next screenshot.

Show Mouse Pointer
This setting or option is only available when you take a screenshot of the entire screen and is ignored when you take a screenshot of a window.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at what is new in the Photos App. Basically Apple removed the option to create projects in the Photos app. This is also removed in older versions of macOS including macOS High Sierra.

Creating Projects in Photos
When you try to create a project, such as a calendar or a book, the Photos app will now direct you to the App store where you can find different extensions that you can use to create projects. Most of these extensions are free as they want to buy the project from them. Just select ‘Get’ in the app store to install it in the Photos app. Once you do this, you are able to create your projects in the Photos app by using the new extension.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at What’s New in Safari on the Mac including icons in tabs, new pop-up window options, and better tracking prevention from advertisers.

Show Website Icons in Tabs
You can now show a website’s icon in a Safari tab. To show the icons, you go to Safari Preferences. Select Preferences under the Safari menu. In the window that opens, select the Tabs category. In the list of options is a new option called Show Website Icons in Tabs. When you select this, in addition to the website name, you’ll also see the website’s icon in a tab.

Pop-up Window Management
In past versions of Safari, you could only block pop-up windows on a global basis. In other words, when you turned it on, it blocked pop-ups on all your sites. Now with Safari in macOS Mojave, you can block them on a per-site basis. This way you can now allow pop-ups on some sites while blocking them on others. I find this helpful with my banking site, when I download transactions, it opens a pop-up.

To set the options for pop-ups, you need to go to Safari Preferences again. Under the Websites tab, you’ll see a new option for Pop-up Windows. When you select this, you’ll see all your sites where pop-ups are blocked or allowed. To change a setting for a website, just go to the right of the website and make your changes. The default behavior for pop-ups is located at the bottom of the window.

• Block and Notify: You can select to block and notify, with this, Safari will block any pop-ups, but also notify you.

• Block: You can also just block pop-ups altogether for a specific website. With this setting, Safari will not notify you when it blocks a pop-up.

• Allow: If you allow pop-ups, Safari will just open the pop-up.

Enhanced Tracking Prevention
When you browse the web, the characteristics of your Mac, such as the amount of memory and hard drive size, can be used by advertisers to create a “fingerprint” to track you. Safari now thwarts this by only sharing a simplified system profile. And improved Intelligent Tracking Prevention keeps social media Like buttons, Share buttons, or comment widgets from tracking you without your permission.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at what’s new in the Mail app including the new Move To button, adding emojis to new messages, and using a lighter background for reading and writing messages while using the new dark appearance.

New Move To in the Toolbar
Apple added a larger Move to button to the toolbar. This button makes it easy to move a selected message to one of your mailbox folders. Also, once you select that folder for a message, if you get another mail message from that recipient, the button will automatically select that folder for when you want to move the new message.

New Emoji Button when Writing New Messages
Now when you are writing a new message, you can easily select an emoji to include in your message from the toolbar. You’ll see a new emoji button on the right side of the toolbar when you are writing a new mail message.

Use Dark Backgrounds for Messages
If you are using the new dark appearance option Mojave offers, when you view your messages and are writing a message, the Mail app default to a darker appearance. You can change the appearance to a lighter background when you are reading and writing mail messages. To do this, open the Mail Preferences and select the Viewing tab. You’ll see an option for Use Dark backgrounds for Messages. This is selected by default. Just deselect it to see a lighter background while reading and writing mail messages. This option only shows when you are using the Dark appearance in Mojave.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at the new Mac App Store, which has been completely redesigned in macOS Mojave.

Featured Apps and Collections
The App Store now has featured app with editorial as well as app collections. These new options will help you discover new apps that you may find helpful or fun.

App Updates
The App Store now only handles updates for apps downloaded through the App Store. In the past version of macOS, the App Store also handled updates for macOS. This is now handled through the new Software Update preference pane in System Preferences. To access the options for updates on apps downloaded through the App Store, select Preferences under App Store in the Menu Bar. A new window will open with a number of options.

Automatic Updates
When this is selected, the App Store will download and install any updates your apps have automatically.

Automatically Download Apps Purchased on other Mac Computers
When this is selected, if you purchase an app on another Mac computer that is using the same Apple ID for purchases, this computer will also download that app that you purchased.

Video Autoplay
When this is selected, if an app has a video preview in the store, the app store will automatically play it. The sound for the video will not play automatically.

In-App Ratings & Reviews
With this selected, you can help developers, and other users know what you think of an app by rating it and reviewing it in the App Store.

Require Password for Free Downloads
This option allows you to set what you want to happen when you download a free app. You can have it require a password, or save the password. When you save the password, you type in your password once, and then you will no longer need it for free downloads as it is saved in the App Store.

Require Password for Purchases and In-App Purchases
This option allows you to set if you want to require a password immediately when purchasing a second app, or if you want to allow an app to be purchased without a password within 15 minutes of purchasing an app in the App Store.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how to find help on the Mac.

Finding Help in Menu Bars
To the right of the Application menu, you will see Help. When you click on it, there will be a search bar. Once you start typing in the search bar, the result will show you what’s available in the Menu Bar relevant to your search. As an example, if you are in the Finder and search for ‘compress,’ the search results will include where you can find ‘compress’ in the menu bar. If you hover the cursor of the result, it will show you where it is in the Menu Bar.

Finding Help in Guides
Below the menu bar results will be results that are going in the guide for the application you are in. If you select it the guide will open and go to that section.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how to force quit troublesome apps on the Mac.

When does an App need to be Force Quit
If you are using an app and it becomes unresponsive, this is the first sign that you may need to force quit it. How do you know if it is unresponsive? One sign is when you go to the menu bar in the app, and you can’t select a menu. Also, the cursor will change into a spinning rainbow. Another sign is when you move the cursor over the app icon in the dock, and again, it has the spinning rainbow. You can’t quit it, you can’t do anything with the app.

At this point, the app may be locked up. Usually, I will wait a minute or so though, as the app may be doing something in the background. You don’t want to force quit an app if you don’t have to, especially if you’ve made changes to a document in the app. When you force quit an app, it does not save any changes.

Force Quitting through the Apple Menu
If you need to force quit an app, go up to the Apple Menu Bar and select Force Quit under the Apple. A new window will open with all of your open apps. The one that is frozen will be highlighted in some cases. Just select the app in the list and then click on Force Quit.

Force Quitting through the Dock
You can also force quit an app from the dock. If an app is locked up, you just click and hold on the app icon in the Dock. You will see Force Quit. You can also hold down the Option key when you click on the app icon to get force quit.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how to set up Time Machine to back up your Mac. With Time Machine, as long as you have an external hard drive configured for Time Machine, your computer will back up any new files or changed files every hour. You can also set up two or more hard drives to be used as Time Machine for extra protection.

Setting Up Time Machine on your External Drive
When you plug in an external drive to your Mac, in most cases it will ask you if you want to use it as a Time Machine backup. If you say yes, your computer will start using that hard drive for its backup. You can also configure a hard drive manually by going to Time Machine in System Preferences. Once the Time Machine preference pane opens, click on Select Disk. A sheet will drop down where you can see all your hard disks being used for Time Machine and available disks for Time Machine. Select the disk you want to use from Available Disks, and then click Use Disk. After that, the hard drive will be used for backing up your Mac. To Remove a disk, select it from Backup Disks, and then click on Remove Disk.

What Time Machine Backs Up
As long as your hard drive is connected to your Mac, Time Machine will backup any changes every hour. After that, it keeps the hourly backups for 24 hours. After that, it keeps daily backups for the past month. Then it keeps the weekly backup for all previous months. It will eventually delete the backup, your oldest backups, when the disk becomes full, so you do not want to use Time Machine for an archive.

Show Time Machine in Menu Bar
This will show Time Machine as a menu extra in the Menu Bar. I recommend turning this on as then you can see when your computer was last backup up and force a backup. To do this, just click on the Time Machine icon in the Menu Bar after you turn this on.

Time Machine Options
When you click on Options, you can add folders and external drives that you want to exclude from being backed up. Just drag the folder or external drive to the sheet that drops down. You can also click on the ‘+’ to add folders and external drives. To remove a folder or external drive from the exclude list, select it in the list and click on ‘-‘. You can also set if you want to be notified after old backups are deleted.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I look at how to use Time Machine to recover files from a backup.

Entering Time Machine
You’ll want to install the Time Machine menu extra into the Menu Bar to have easy access to Time Machine. To do this, open System Preferences and select Time Machine. Then click on the checkbox for Show Time Machine in Menu Bar. Once it is installed in your Menu Bar, when you click on it, you will see Enter Time Machine. Select this to Enter Time Machine.

Viewing your Backups while in Time Machine
When you enter Time Machine, you will see the folder you are in stacked on top of each other. Each folder is a backup. To go back in time, just click on one of the windows in the background. You can also click on the arrows to the right of the windows. You’ll see the date of the backup to the right of the windows as well. You can select other folders while in Time Machine. Also on the right side of your display, you’ll see a number of horizontal lines, these also indicate backups. Just click on any one of them to go back to that backup.

Restoring Files and Folders from a Backup
Once you find the files or folders you want to restore, select it in the backup and then click on Restore at the bottom of the window. Your files or folders will be restored to the folder.

In this lesson for macOS Mojave, I go over how to keep your Mac organized using some of the features I went over in this tutorial.

New Finder Window Opens To
So now that we have the Finder Window set to open to the folder I want, when I open a new window, or when I save a document, it goes to the folder that I set in Finder preferences.

Viewing as a List or Column
When I view my files in a Window, I usually will have it set to a list view or columns view, then I can easily traverse through the folders.

Adding the Applications Folder to the Dock
I also add the Applications Folder to the Dock, so I have easy access to all my applications on my Mac.

Using Spring-Loaded Folders
This one can confuse people, just drag file or folder onto another folder and it will ‘spring’ open. If you do not like this feature, check out my lesson on the Spring-loaded folder to see how to turn it off.

Use Mission Control
Mission Control is not as intimidating as it looks. Add the application to your Dock and when you have a lot of windows open, click on Mission Control to find the window you need.

Don’t use your Desktop as Permanent Storage
Don’t use the Desktop as permanent storage, store files that you are working on and when you are fined with the file or folder, file it in a folder in your Home Folder.

Add Time Machine to the Menu Bar
When you add the Time Machine menu extra to the Menu Bar, you can easily see when your Mac was last backed up, as well as make a backup. You can also restore files from an earlier backup.