
Explore the Totonacas and the flyers of Papantla, introducing the culture, its deities, and the people's dress and crafts, while guiding students to learn through sketchbooks and reflective notes.
Discover the Totonacas of Papantla in Veracruz and Puebla, their agricultural economy, urban centers, and ongoing cultural revival through traditional cooking, weaving, and Nahuatl language.
Explore the Totonacas and their mythic origin sites, including the total Nakash, and see how maize and the three sisters shaped early central Mexican societies.
Trace the Totonacas' territorial distribution in Veracruz and Puebla, their ancient migration, and how language and centers like the 'place of three hearts' preserve enduring traditions.
Explore Tanaka necropolis in Veracruz, a Totonaca ceremonial center with a ball court, where marigolds, offerings, and grinding stones connect the living and the dead during Day of the Dead.
Explore the Totonacas' Papantla site in Veracruz, a post-classic mesoamerican capital with earthen mounds, lime-mortared temples, circular arenas, and a fortress-like wall, reflecting Olmec and Toltec influences.
Discover Totonac sculpture and ceramics, from joyful smiling children and ceremonial sets to Olmec-inspired proportions, highlighting firing temperatures and the beauty of simple, functional ceramic art.
Explore how the Aztec oppression of the Tanaka peoples drove alliances with Cortés as they move from Veracruz to Mexico City, culminating in the conquest of the Aztec empire.
The Totonacas site near Veracruz flourished 600 to 700 ad with temples, palaces, pyramids, and a large market. It earned World Heritage status in 1990.
Trace the Totonacas' hierarchical society from elite Chico precincts in Papantla to drum-column temples, and analyze stucco, lime calcination, cement use, and architectural insights.
Explore the Totonacas' ritual ball game, its court design and preparation, and the South Bullecourt panels depicting myth, underworld journeys, and elite sacrifice.
Examine the Pyramid of the Neches as a seven-story astronomical temple, with decorative niches capped by a flying cornice, used to track a 365-day solar year through ceremonial light.
Explore the Totonacas and the Flyers of Papantla ceremony, where five dancers climb a 30-meter pole and four descend on ropes while the fifth plays flute and drums.
Explore Totonaca art in Veracruz, from symbolic dress and head balancing rituals to sculpted funerary figures. See how archaeology museums preserve this rich artistic heritage.
Welcome to this course on the Totonacas and the Flyers of Papantla. The Totonacas are a culture that flourished in Pre-Hispanic Mesoamerica. Though they were a large and prosperous culture for hundreds of years, very little is known about their origins and early history. In this course we will explore, visit and study the Totonaca people and the impressive cities, civic and religious centers they developed. Everything in this course is first hand knowledge conveyed directly to you. In addition, the sources used for references are the original ancient codices and the writings of the first European explorers to this region. Enjoy discovering the wonderful, forgotten culture of the Totonakú!. I teach lecture courses and studios as I wish they would have been taught to me. Much of the graphic material in my lectures is taken or generated first hand directly by me on site. I teach to learn. I teach subjects as I wish they were taught to me. The Mission Statement. Education is a tool for the improvement of successive generations. I hear and I forget. I see and I remember. I do and I understand. Confucius
This course is designed under the premise that humans should be taught in a way that is modeled after the educational patterns of evolution.
The design, development and application of educational systems based on the educational principles of evolution generates a philosophy and methodology of education in synchrony with the evolutionary education system that is firmly and deeply rooted in each of us.
Education for evolution is an educational system designed to help propel humans forward in the natural course of evolution. The purpose of education for evolution is to enhance and strengthen the natural evolutionary process of humans through the mechanism of education. The means to achieve this objective is the design of a curricula based on the same educational techniques and strategies used by natural evolution, enhanced and guided by the application of conscious educational decisions.