Explore the Java switch statement, its cases, break, and default, and see how to read user input with a scanner to decide actions like wake up or relax.

Learn to replace a switch statement with an enhanced switch statement in IntelliJ IDEA, using arrow syntax, omitting break, and adding curly braces for multi-line code to keep logic concise.

Master the ternary operator in Java, a concise conditional using the ? : syntax to assign a value based on a boolean expression, instead of a full if statement.

Learn how Java methods return values, distinguish between methods and functions, and implement a max of two numbers using int, if, and return statements inside a class.

Learn to declare and use Java arrays, including int and string arrays, print with for-each and for loops, understand zero-based indexing, length, and the fixed-size nature.

Explore inheritance by creating a vehicle superclass and car and plane subclasses, sharing common fields and methods, using extends, super, and override to customize behavior such as move and stop.

Explore abstract classes in Java as base blueprints you cannot instantiate; learn to define abstract and concrete methods, constructors, and subclass responsibilities with vehicle, car, and plane examples.

Explore the difference between this and super keywords in Java, including how this references the current instance for constructor chaining and avoiding naming conflicts, and how super accesses the superclass.

Explore how inner classes in Java, defined within another class, improve encapsulation, while creating and accessing a university and its department, and displaying their combined names.

Learn how sets, especially hash sets, enforce uniqueness by preventing duplicates and using equals method. See how casting and overriding equals and hashCode in a user class sustain set semantics.

Learn how maps store key-value pairs with a hash map in Java; declare a map with integer keys and string values, add elements with put, and retrieve with get.