
The three pillars of Solcency II.
The meaning of Solvency Capital Requirement (SCR) and Minimum Capital Requirement (MCR) of an insurance company.
The 'Standard Formula', as a standardized model to calculate regulatory capitals.
The regulatory funds.
The purpose of SCR.
Calculation of the SCR.
Risk modules of the Standard Formula.
Formula to calculate the SCR.
The basic SCR.
The 'Adjustment' part of the Standard Formula.
Risk mitigation techniques.
Participations.
The use of 'Undertaking Specific Parameters' (USP).
'Simplifications' in the calculation of the SCR.
Formulae to calculate the 'Minimum Capital Requirement' (MCR).
What is the Market Risk module about?
What is the scope of the submodule.
Presentation of the 'Delta NAV' method to calculate capital requirement.
An illustrative example.
Who does it concern?
An easy way to calculate the Interest Rate Risk capital requirement for any insurance undertaking.
What is the 'Equity Risk submodule' about.
Equity categories.
Shock-down in the value of equities.
Which investments are of 'strategic nature'.
What is the 'Symmetric Adjustment' and where it is used.
What is the formula for calculating capital requirement for 'Equity Risk'.
What is this methos.
To whom it concern.
What are the eligibility criteria for the concerneds.
What shocks are implemented in the stock prices.
What is the 'Spread Risk' submodule and who does it concern.
Categorization of the financial instruments.
Capital Requirement for Bonds.
The “Type” of the Bond.
The Collateral of the Bond.
The Rating of the Bond.
The “Modified Duration” of a Bond.
Bond Categories.
Eligibility of Guarantees.
Calculation of capital requirement for Securitizations.
Securitization positions of Type 1.
Securitization positions of Type 2.
Resecuritization Positions.
Calculation of capital requirement for Credit Derivatives.
The risk of market concentrations.
Exceptions.
Single Name Exposure & Counterparties.
Calculation of total capital requirement.
Calculation of individual capital requirements.
The excess exposure.
The relative excess exposure threshold.
The Credit Quality Step.
The Weighted Average Credit Quality Step.
The risk factor gi.
Credit Exposures to unrated insurance undertakings.
Single Name Exposures to “third country” insurance undertakings.
Single Name Exposures to credit & financial institutions.
Special exposures.
Exposures to central governments & central banks of “third Countries”.
Objective.
Examples.
Calculation.
Objective.
Scope.
Calculation.
General considerations.
What is this course about? This series of lectures deals with the calculation of regulatory capital for insurance undertakings, under the Solvency II regulatory framework, through the so-called ‘Standard Formula’. The latter is a standardized average model for calculating regulatory capitals. Most insurance companies, under the Solvency II regime, use that. In contrast, insurance companies belonging to a group tend to develop ‘internal models’, to better capture the need for capital, according to their risk profile.
The Standard Formula consists of 6 modules that lead to 27 submodules. This course includes a comprehensive presentation for the ‘Market Risk Module’, which consists of 6 submodules:
The interest rate risk submodule,
the equity risk submodule,
the credit spread risk submodule,
the market concentrations risk submodule,
the currency risk submodule and
the property risk submodule.
To whom is this course for? The course is mainly addressed to people already working in the insurance industry (for example, insurance business executives, risk managers and external auditors) who would like to obtain a clear and comprehensive view of the Regulation regarding regulatory capitals. College students will find it interesting too, as it is a great introduction to the Regulation, which constitutes essential knowledge for someone to start their career in the insurance industry.
Why choose this course? The calculation of regulatory capital for insurance undertakings is based on a legal text named ‘the Delegated Regulation 2015/35’. This text contains all the relevant information, but in a rigid language. Very often, things are mixed, oddly placed in various locations of the text, making comprehensive understanding difficult. This course places things in the right position by using a clear, simple, but not simple-minded presentation of the topic. Last but not least: In every section a simple example is used to let you eventually understand how things work, while multiple-choice tests and practice assignments follow. At the end of the course, you will be able to not only understand and participate in discussions within your business environment about ‘regulatory capitals’, but also set up Excel files and participate in calculations, upgrading by that way your professional reputation.