Sanskrit (Saṃskṛta) - Read, Write, Pronounce & Transliterate

Explore the Sanskrit varṇa akṣara system, vowels and consonants, the five varga groups, and the 25 sparśa letters, with notes on repha, antaḥstha, ūṣma, ayogavāha.

Learn the Devanāgarī letter i (इ) and its long form ई by reading, writing, pronouncing, and transliterating, with step-by-step stroke guidance and romanization as I and Ī.

Learn the Sanskrit letters O and Au, master their pronunciation, writing with mātrā, and transliteration from O to Au for accurate phonetic rendering.

Learn to read, write, pronounce, and transliterate visarga and vowels in Devanāgarī, using examples from mantras, before exploring the consonants (Vyañjana) of Sanskrit.

Explore the 23rd śloka of the second chapter of Śrīmadbhagavadgītā, listen, and learn word by word and part by part. Practice chanting with Om as you repeat lines and meanings.

Learn the first consonants of Sanskrit, ka and kha, and how vyañjanas rely on vowels to pronounce; explore halanta usage and writing forms for ka and kha.

Learn the ta-varga letters ta, tha, da, dha and the nasalized na, with writing steps and transliterations to help pronounce and write Sanskrit characters.

Explore the pa-varga of the Sanskrit alphabet, including pa, pha, ba, bha, ma, and learn two writing methods and their transliterations.

Explore the ṭa-varga and the akāra component, learn to form half ṭa using halanta, and apply the rules with examples like paṭṭī, nāṭya, pāṭhya, and paṭvī.

Master the halant kṣa, formed from half ka, half ṣa, and akāra, and learn its writing in middle and end positions with vakṣyāmi as an example.

Explore the letter Repha in Sanskrit script, its three forms, and how it combines with akāra and hakāra in saṃyogākṣara to form ligatures such as Kra, Pra, and Prema.

Explore how mātrās indicate svaras on vyañjanas to form syllables in Sanskrit. Master all consonant–vowel combinations to read, write, and transliterate Devanāgarī accurately.

Learn how svara marks modify vyāñjana sounds, with examples such as sa, sā, si, se, sau, and practice mātrā placement (before or after) plus anusvāra and visarga.

Learn how vyañjana transforms with svaras, including halanta half letters, and review ka-varga and ca-varga with mātrās, anusvāra, visarga.

Explains how mātrās attach to vyañjanas across ṭa-varga, ta-varga, and pa-varga, and demonstrates Ya, Ra, La, Va, and Uṣmas with svara combinations.

Offer a prayer to sage Patanjali, linking yoga to mind, speech, and body, as part of the Sanskrit read, write, pronounce and transliterate course.

Identify saṃyogākṣara and saṃyuktākṣara and examine how two consonants with no vowel between them form a syllable, using rāma, arjuna, and kṛṣṇa as examples.

Learn how saṃyogākṣara affects Sanskrit pronunciation and metre, using Arjuna and Dharmakṣetre examples to count mātrās as dīrgha or hrasva and join consonants in mantras.

Practice word-by-word reading, writing, pronunciation, and transliteration of the first śloka from the bhagavad gītā. Repeat and chant dharmakṣetre kurukṣetre samavetā yuyutsavaḥ to master saṃyogākṣara.

Explore saṃyogākṣaras, multi-letter combinations whose shapes change with components, and learn to pronounce, read, and write them by recognizing śakāra, repha, and īkāra in words like śrī, śruti, and śrotavya.