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SIL Determination & Verification: LOPA, PFDavg & CHAZOP
New
4 students

SIL Determination & Verification: LOPA, PFDavg & CHAZOP

IEC 61511 practitioner skills — LOPA, PFDavg by hand, CHAZOP, writing an SRS & functional safety assessment
Last updated 7/2026
English

What you'll learn

  • Determine SIL using LOPA — initiating events, independent protection layers and the risk gap
  • Verify a SIF by calculating PFDavg against the target SIL and architectural constraints
  • Write a safety requirements specification that bridges the hazard study and the SIS design
  • Conduct a CHAZOP — control system hazard and operability study — alongside a process HAZOP
  • Design a safety instrumented function — sensors, logic solver and final elements
  • Select voting architectures (1oo1, 1oo2, 2oo2, 2oo3) balancing safety and spurious trips
  • Apply safe failure fraction and hardware fault tolerance to architecture selection
  • Plan proof testing intervals and procedures to maintain the achieved SIL
  • Manage bypasses and overrides on a safety instrumented system safely
  • Scope a functional safety assessment across the lifecycle phases
  • Take a hazard through to a verified safety instrumented function in a worked end-to-end example
  • Distinguish IEC 61508 from IEC 61511 and apply the process-sector lifecycle

Course content

6 sections13 lectures2h 33m total length
  • Process Safety & the SIS Role — Bow-Tie to Lifecycle10:00
  • IEC 61508 vs IEC 61511 — The Parent Standard & the Process Industry Standard11:05

Requirements

  • No prior functional safety experience is required — the lifecycle and terminology are built from the ground up
  • Any engineering, process or technical background is enough to follow the course
  • Helpful but not essential: familiarity with P&IDs, control loops and process plant equipment
  • No SIL verification software required — every calculation is worked by hand
  • A willingness to work through a LOPA and a PFDavg calculation with a calculator

Description

A safety instrumented system has to work on demand — sometimes after sitting dormant for years.

The engineer who can run a LOPA, write a safety requirements specification, and defend a PFDavg calculation to an assessor is the one who protects both the plant and the people working on it.

This course is about producing those deliverables, not describing them.

What makes this course different

Plenty of material explains the IEC 61511 lifecycle. This course teaches the practitioner work inside it — the LOPA you actually have to facilitate, the SRS you actually have to write, and the PFDavg calculation you actually have to defend. Every method is worked by hand, so you understand what the verification software is doing rather than trusting its output.

CHAZOP — the study almost nobody teaches

A full lecture covers control system hazard and operability study: what it examines, how it differs from a process HAZOP, and how it identifies the control and instrumentation failures a conventional study misses. Increasingly expected on major hazard installations, and very difficult to find training on anywhere.


What you will master

  • LOPA and SIL determination — initiating events, independent protection layers, the risk gap and the required SIL

  • HAZOP and CHAZOP — process hazard identification and control system hazard and operability study

  • The safety requirements specification — the document where most SIS projects succeed or fail, and the contract between the hazard study and the design

  • SIS architecture — voting arrangements, redundancy, hardware fault tolerance, safe failure fraction and architectural constraints

  • SIL verification by hand — calculating PFDavg against the target SIL, and knowing when an architecture cannot get there

  • Component selection — sensors, logic solvers and final elements, and the certification evidence behind each

  • Operation and proof testing — test intervals, procedures and bypass management, where a SIS either stays trustworthy or quietly degrades

  • Functional safety assessment — scoping an FSA across lifecycle phases and closing out

A worked end-to-end example

The course includes a complete worked SIF design — taking a hazard through LOPA to a target SIL, into an architecture, and out to a verified PFDavg. That is the sequence you will be asked to produce on a real project.

What you get

  • 13 focused lectures across six sections

  • A complete worked SIF design from hazard through to verification

  • Lifetime access, mobile and TV access, and a certificate of completion

  • Udemy's 30-day money-back guarantee

Who this is for

C&I, control and safety engineers who specify, design or verify safety instrumented systems. Functional safety practitioners conducting SIL determination and verification. Process and mechanical engineers participating in LOPA or reviewing an SRS. Commissioning and maintenance staff responsible for proof testing and bypass management. And system integrators designing SIS logic solvers and final elements.

No prior functional safety experience is required — the lifecycle and terminology are built from the ground up. No SIL verification software needed: every calculation is worked by hand so you can follow with a calculator.

Built by a practising engineer with over fifteen years delivering SIS and functional safety on oil, gas and energy projects — including SIL determinations, safety requirements specifications, verification calculations and functional safety assessments on active major hazard installations.

Who this course is for:

  • C&I, control and safety engineers who specify, design or verify safety instrumented systems
  • Functional safety practitioners conducting SIL determination, LOPA and SIL verification
  • Process, mechanical and project engineers who participate in LOPA and write or review safety requirement specifications
  • Commissioning and maintenance staff responsible for SIS proof testing and bypass management
  • System integrators and vendor engineers designing SIS logic solvers and final elements
  • Graduates, apprentices and career changers needing a structured functional safety grounding