RF Planning For Mobile Networks Design &Deployment (English)

Explore macro site types, including greenfield and rooftop deployments, discuss coverage versus capacity, inter-site distance, and introduce cell on wheels as temporary capacity solutions.

Explore macro site types: macro green field, rooftop, and cell on wheels (COW site) as temporary, movable solutions for event coverage and capacity.

Explore micro sites, smaller and lower-power telecom nodes for outdoor street-level and indoor coverage. Learn how indoor micro sites in telecom rooms deploy antennas across floors to improve building signals.

Deploy repeaters to provide in-building coverage with low capacity by using a donor antenna on the roof and a coverage antenna inside the room, extending signal from the macro site.

Explore macro and micro site types for mobile networks, including rooftop, green field, tower, monopole, and rooftop pool configurations, plus indoor and outdoor micro sites and distributed antenna system design.

Explore site design of a 3G radio access network, focusing on WPS level and how the antenna handles downlink and uplink by converting signals between electric current and electromagnetic waves.

Understand rf planning for mobile networks site design, focusing on the radio unit's mixer and power amplifier, licensed spectrum use, and uplink signals through the baseband unit via cpri.

Choose between a remote radar unit beside the antenna on the tower or a ru inside the ground cabinet with a coaxial jumper; shorter runs near the antenna reduce losses.

Examine the site design for mobile networks, from antenna and baseband unit to the controller and core network, including uplink and downlink flows.

Explore the RF subsystem by examining the antenna and radio unit, including the remote read unit, distinguishing omnidirectional and sector antennas for indoor and outdoor deployments.

Explore antenna radiation patterns and how to concentrate power in the main beam. Compare mechanical tilt and electrical tilt, using remote phase shifting to steer the beam.

Compare mechanical and remote electrical tilt, noting mechanical delays and motor maintenance versus electrical tilt's instant 0–10 degrees adjustment, and outline the evolution from passive to active antennas in 5G.

Compare vendor datasheets to choose an antenna that covers the operator’s frequency band and match low and high ports to the radio unit for uplink and downlink.

Explore antenna radiation patterns, horizontal and vertical beamwidth, and directivity to select macro and indoor antennas, review data sheets and vendors like Commscope, Huawei, and Ericsson.

Examine a Commscope multi-band sector antenna with ten ports, 65 degree half power beam width, remote electrical tilt with five motors, and band arrays, highlighting wind-load and civil engineering considerations.

Explore the remote radio unit near the antenna, selecting frequency bands and power, interworking with CPI0/CPI1 baseband for 2G/3G/4G and MIMO, with alarms and remote tilt.

Assess radio unit specifications by volume, weight, and internal bandwidth to ensure signal integrity and civil-structure compatibility; examine 2x2 ports and multi-band options (P8, P3, P1) with 80 W total.

Explore the baseband subsystem in site design, detailing baseband cards, RU connections, and signal processing tasks like channel coding, digital modulation, and encryption within Huawei BBU configurations.

Explore baseband unit design and transmission interfaces, including GTM queue and raid interfaces, then examine 2G and 3G baseband cards, 3G traffic routing, and channel elements.

Analyze 3g baseband specs, including cells, keys, and channel elements, and assess uplink and downlink capacity per baseband card, with expansions for high utilization and 15 hsdpa codes.

Explore the transmission subsystem that connects BTS, node B, and e node B to the core network across 2G, 3G, and LTE via fiber and line-of-sight microwave links.

Learn how microwave transmission subsystems provide an easier alternative to direct fiber linking sites to the hub and core network, moving traffic through sector antenna, RU, IDU, ODU, and dishes.

Design the transmission subsystem by aligning the IDU with the hub node via a line-of-sight microwave link in gigahertz bands to move traffic to the core network and reduce cabling.

Analyze the site transmission subsystem from radio unit to hub, including RRU up conversion, coaxial feeder, and microwave backhaul. Observe the baseband processing path through IDU/ODU stages to core network.

Examine the power and alarming subsystem of a mobile site, including door and smoke sensors, baseband alarms, and how events feed the management system and NOC for monitoring and ticketing.

Explore the RF planning process and capacity aspects, from coverage gaps to relieving congestion by adding new sites. See how capacity and quality needs justify site deployment.

Learn RF planning objectives—capacity, coverage, quality, and cost—and apply new area planning by assessing inter-site distance and clustering into dense urban, suburban, urban, and rural areas.

Define clutter classes to segment dense urban, urban, suburban, and rural areas, determine inter-site distance, evaluate received power across sites, and explain handover triggers as signal strength changes.

Explain how the access minimum power sets inter-site distance and the number of sites, using -80 dBm and -100 dBm examples. Link receiver sensitivity across 2G/3G/4G to handover decisions.

Use the link budget to determine inter-site distance by balancing transmitted power, antenna gains, and feeder losses, and assess free-space and site losses from datasheets.

Compute the link budget by using maximum site distance D to set inter-site distance 2D, then estimate path loss with the Okumura model based on frequency and distance.

Define clutter classes and inter-site distances, compute maximum path loss via the link budget and propagation model, then plan new sites by coordinates and verify with visits and panoramic photos.

Outline the RF planning process, detailing site planning, transmission inputs to connect the new site to the core network, hardware configuration, neighbor relations, site activation, and drive-test KPIs.

Identify triggering inputs for a new site using area awareness, KPIs from existing sites, coverage simulations, drive tests, and customer complaints to guide RF planning across regions.

Learn how 2g tdma/fdma capacity is allocated with frequency channels and time slots, and how soft and hard expansions, multiple radio units, and half-rate trx expand capacity.

Explore half-rate transmission in 2G networks, showing how alternating users per radio frame doubles capacity with periodic silence, while trading off voice quality and higher bit error rate.

In 3g capacity planning, downlink power, codes, and channel elements limit user access; manage 60-watt radio unit power, code allocation, and baseband resources to prevent blocking.

Explore 3g capacity planning concepts, focusing on IOP, RNC, baseband channel elements, licenses, and processing load, with soft and hard expansion options.

Explore 4g capacity concepts from PRBs and subcarriers to time slots, and learn how carrier aggregation expands LTE bandwidth across bands to boost throughput.

Explore strategies to improve coverage with more sites, higher gain antennas, tilt adjustments, and beamforming, and boost capacity with additional channels, frequencies, cells, sectorisation, and multi-user MIMO.

Analyze main field measurements for 2G and 3G networks, focusing on signal strength level and quality, including 2G RCS level and 3G ECNL quality.

Perform 3g main field measurements, assessing the received signal code power from the seepage channel and ec/no, and explore cdma spreading and self-interference in a five megahertz channel.

Analyze main field measurements for 3G and 4G, focusing on self-interference, noise, and SNR targets, and how code spreading and LTE resources support reliable reception.

Explain how POLQA MOS scores measure voice quality in fixed and mobile networks using a known file, and how reducing half-rate usage and enabling VoLTE over IMS can improve MOS.

Define KPIs and classify radio access KPIs into accessibility and retainability. Explain accessibility via random access channel, access grant, and traffic channel, and relate retainability to the call drop rate.

Explore the RF planning KPI classifications, focusing on accessibility, retainability, and service integrity, and learn how to calculate the Beijing success rate to assess network performance.

Analyze uplink random access attempts and accessibility, comparing 2G SDC congestion during call initiation with 3G RRC and LTE IRAP, and measure KPIs like CDR drop rate and handover success.

Learn how quality KPIs assess radio performance, using a 0 to 7 qual scale and speech quality index, diagnose co-channel and adjacent interference, and interpret accessibility KPIs.

Explore a retainability KPI example with coal drop rate, compare ideal versus normal ranges, and discuss down tilt to reduce overshoot and improve customer experience.

Explore the rf planning process and performance indicators, detailing physical optimization—down tilt and handover—to prevent cold drops, and how counters and alarms flow from sites to vendor os and noc.