[NEW] Red Hat Training and Certification - RHEL 9 (RH124)

Master step-by-step RHEL9 installation, including creating a Red Hat account, downloading RHEL 9.2, installing on Oracle VirtualBox, and covering minimum system requirements and remote access options.

Create a Red Hat login by following instructions to set up a personal or corporate account, confirm your email, access product evaluations, purchasing capabilities, knowledge management content, and certifications.

Download the RHEL 9.2 ISO image from the Red Hat portal, including logging in and navigating downloads, then prepare a Windows host with Oracle VirtualBox for RHEL 9 installation.

Install Oracle VirtualBox and create a RHEL 9.2 template VM named workstation-rhel-9.2 with 2 GB RAM, 2 CPUs, and a 40 GB disk using the RHEL 9.2 64-bit ISO.

Boot a virtual machine from Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 ISO, select English India, configure a 40 GB disk, choose GUI server, set the root password, and start installation.

Install dependencies for VirtualBox guest additions to enable drag-and-drop and VM display, and access the RHEL 9 VM from Windows using a host-only adapter and ssh tools.

Mount the RHEL 9 ISO and locate base OS and AppStream packages. Create a local yum server and install dependencies for VirtualBox guest additions one by one.

Mount the VirtualBox guest additions, copy the contents to a folder, make vbox Linux editions dot run executable, and run the installer for enhanced functionality on RHEL 9.

Troubleshoot selinux context errors during VirtualBox guest additions installation by running semanage fcontext -d the target path and restorecon, then verify drag-and-drop and bidirectional sharing between host and VM.

Introduce the bash shell as the Linux command line interface, showing how to log in locally or remotely, use the shell prompt, and log out from remote sessions.

Learn to log in to a local Red Hat system by using physical and virtual consoles, switch between tty sessions with ctrl+alt+function keys, and access the graphical login on tty1.

Log in to a remote linux system using SSH by identifying the IP address and connecting with a client like MobaXterm or Putty.

Explore the GNOME desktop environment on RHEL 9, covering workspaces, the top bar, activities overview, system menu, dash, and workspace selector, with Wayland and GNOME Classic options.

Explore how workspaces provide separate desktop screens to organize tasks by grouping windowed applications, switch between them with control alt arrow keys, and observe thumbnails for quick navigation.

Open and move terminals across workspaces, dragging apps to the target workspace. Lock the screen, log out, reboot, or power off from the desktop environment.

Master bash shell basics: write simple commands, chain commands with semicolons, use pwd and cd, clear the screen, and change passwords for root or other users.

Learn to view and create files with the cat command, concatenate content, and redirect output, including /etc/passwd, then use less to scroll long files and preview tail and head.

Use head and tail to display the first and last lines of a file, with -n to limit lines, and wc to count lines, words, and characters.

Master tab completion to quickly finish commands or file names; press tab twice to view matches like passwd, tail, or head and reveal command options with --.

Learn how to split long shell commands across multiple lines using the backslash, run multi-file operations with head, view command history, and recall previous commands with !.

Explore the Linux file system hierarchy, including root, /boot, /dev, /etc, /home, /run, /var, and /stamp. Learn to manage files with command line tools, create links, and use shell expansions.

Explore absolute and relative paths, distinguish full root directory paths from paths relative to the current working directory, and learn to determine, change, and list directory contents.

Explore how to navigate the file system using absolute and relative paths, learning commands like pwd, ls, cd, touch, and cat to locate, create, and view files from practical examples.

Practice lab on command line file management, covering creating, copying, moving, and removing directories with mkdir, cd, and pwd, including creating multiple directories and using mkdir -p for parents.

Practice copying files and directories with the cp command, creating empty files with touch, and navigating using cd. Compare relative and absolute paths when copying, including examples across different locations.

Practice cp to copy multiple files and directories using relative and absolute paths, copy a directory with -R, and list contents with ls -la and ls -lR.

Master the mv command to move files and rename them, using absolute or relative paths. Verify changes with ls -ltr and navigate directories with cd to /tmp.

Learn to manage files and directories with rm and rmdir, create directories with mkdir, and apply recursive and force options while handling confirmations.

Explain how to manage links between files in linux, comparing soft (symbolic) links and hard links, including their behavior on deletion, cross-file-system limits, and the inode and permission implications.

Learn to create hard links and soft links using the ln command, examine inode numbers, and understand filesystem limitations.

Create symbolic links with ln -s to point to original files and observe inode numbers. Understand use of absolute paths and the behavior when the original file is deleted.

Explore matching file names with shell expansions in bash, including pattern matching, tilt expansion, brace and variable expansion, and command substitution, with hands-on ls and touch examples.

Learn how tilde expansion expands to your home directory using echo, and master brace expansion to generate strings and file names with examples like Sunday.log, 1..10.txt, and a..e.txt.

Define variables, assign values, and print them with echo to understand variable expansion in shell scripting. Explore simple syntax, curly brace forms, and behavior when a variable is undefined.

Demonstrate command substitution by replacing a command with its output. Define variables like username, surname, and age, and use echo to show the name, age, and date.

Explore output redirection operators, including stdout, stderr, and stdin, and learn to overwrite or append to files with >, >>, 2>, 2>&1, and /dev/null.

Explore redirection of stdin, stdout, and stderr in a Linux lab, using >, >>, 2>, and &> to redirect, append, suppress errors, and combine outputs to files.

Master the construction of pipelines by chaining commands with pipes to connect stdout to stdin, using examples like ls, wc -l, head, less, and output redirection.

Master the tee command and pipelines to redirect output to a file while displaying it on screen, with practical examples showing appending and using date output.

Learn to edit text files with vim, a default linux editor, from a terminal, using split screen, color formatting, highlighting, and modes like command, insert, extended command, and visual.

This practice lab demonstrates using the vim editor to create and edit files, switch between command and insert modes, undo changes, delete characters, and save or quit.

Explore vim visual mode to highlight and manipulate text using character, line, and block selections. Switch between modes by pressing v, V, or control V to edit and delete.

Discover how to use and configure shell variables in bash, assign values, retrieve them via expansion, and manage environment variables and a default text editor in a practical lab session.

Explore how environment variables differ from shell variables and learn to export variables so child shells can access them, as demonstrated by a practical script using A and B.

Practice lab demonstrates assigning and retrieving variables with expansion, performing a + b to create c, and using echo to display values and file existence checks.

Configure bash with shell variables to tailor history and prompt, adjusting hist file, history size, time format, and PS1, with permanent changes via the profile.

Manage local users and groups, including primary and secondary groups, and configure sudo. Understand super user root, system users, and regular users, and manage passwords.

Groups are collections of users who share access to files and resources. They support primary and secondary roles, default group assignment, and group-based permissions managed via the system group file.

Learn how primary groups govern file access and how default groups form when creating new users.

Learn to manage local user accounts by creating users, inspecting with id, and understanding /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow entries, including uid, gid, home directory, and shell, with no login service accounts.

Create and manage group accounts and users using groupadd and useradd, assign primary or secondary groups, delete users with userdel, and verify with id and permissions on files.

Explore the shadow file in linux, a security component that stores encrypted passwords with a cryptographic hash, and learn its colon-delimited fields like username, last change, and password aging parameters.

Discover how the root user, the superuser in Red Hat Enterprise Linux, can install or remove software and manage system files, and how to safely escalate privileges when needed.

Switch between root and normal users using the su command, observe password prompts, and understand root privileges, uid 0, and wheel group access.

Learn how to run commands with sudo to perform administrative tasks safely, including authentication with your own password, root login restrictions, and using sudo with usermod and file permissions.

Configure sudo to grant users either specific access or root privileges by editing the sudoers file as root, adding user or group entries, and testing password prompts.