LOGIC BUILDING WITH PYTHON - 2026

Explore the fundamentals of programming by comparing it to giving step-by-step instructions to a coffee machine, using Python as the language machines understand. In the next video, we explore variables.

Explore how variables act as containers in Python, storing inputs and outputs, performing assignments like a = five, printing values, and tracking changes through sequential execution in VS code.

Explore Python variable naming rules: start with a letter or underscore, don't start with numbers or special characters, avoid keywords, and remember that names are case sensitive.

This lecture explains Python data types—integers, floats, strings, and booleans—showing how values like 5 and 5.8 map to int and float, and how type() reveals their types.

Learn Python type casting using the built-in int, str, and float methods to convert between data types, with practical examples and error considerations.

Explore how Python's arithmetic operators perform numeric calculations, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, quotient and remainder with float division, and floor division, illustrated by 5 and 2 examples.

Explore the six relational operators: equal to, not equal to, greater than, smaller than, greater than or equal to, and smaller than or equal to. Learn how they yield boolean results when comparing numbers and strings in code, with practical examples.

Explore how logical operators and, or, and not work in Python through real-world statements and code examples that evaluate true and false conditions.

Explore assignment operators in Python for placements, highlighting how they assign values within basic programming tasks and preparing you for practical interview scenarios.

Learn python membership operators in and not in, which check if an element exists in a sequence and return true or false, with examples a in 'aeiou'.

Learn how programming makes machines decide through a simple, stepwise decision process, using a bus, motor vehicle, or bicycle analogy to illustrate if-else logic.

Learn to determine even or odd numbers in Python using the modulus operator and if-elif-else blocks, with indentation, print statements, and debugging.

Write a Python program in VS Code to determine triangle type from side lengths a, b, c: equilateral, isosceles, or scalene, using if/elif/else.

Learn to determine leap years with conditional logic: check divisibility by 4, 100, and 400, using examples like 2000, 2004, and 3000.

Learn to write a Python program that finds the greatest of three numbers using nested if-else conditions, with inputs a, b, and c, and practice debugging in VSCode.

Learn how loops move data from a to E with a while loop, an initial value, and a true condition, updating until five, shown via pseudocode and VS Code debugging.

Print all numbers from 1 to 5 using a while loop in Python, showing how to initialize i, test i is at most 5, print i, and increment i.

Learn to print all even numbers from 10 to 1 using a while loop, with decrement by two and optional if condition. Emphasize loop control and proper indentation.

Explore summation by calculating the sum of the first five natural numbers, using a brain analogy and a loop in VS Code to accumulate values, yielding 15.

Apply if-conditions and loops to convert input data into the desired output, illustrated by a fruit basket analogy. Identify the data and the loop to use.

Write a Python program to check if a given number is prime by counting its factors from one to the given number and verifying exactly two factors.

practice summing the digits of a number by repeatedly dividing by ten, collecting remainders, and updating a running total in Python, with debugging in VS Code.

Learn the Python for loop with range to iterate from a start to an exclusive end, printing 1 to 5, with optional steps and reverse order.

Explore how lists store multiple data types in square brackets, access elements with zero-based indexing (including negative indexing for last items), and modify values since lists are mutable.

Learn how to slice a list using start, end, and step values, including end exclusion and reverse order, with practical examples.

Master Python list methods for data manipulation, including append, remove, insert, pop, reverse, and sort, and learn how these inbuilt functions transform lists.

Print all elements of a given list by iterating with a for loop using indexing from zero to length minus one, or print directly by iterating over the list.

Learn to compute the sum of all list elements using a for loop. Initialize a sum variable, iterate through the list, add each element, and print the final total.

Identify the minimum element in a list by initializing with the first value, then iterate with a for loop to update the minimum whenever a smaller element appears.

Explore strings in Python as text data, created with single or double quotes, and concatenated with the plus operator. Learn 0-based indexing, negative indexing, immutability, and index errors with examples.

Explore string slicing in Python by using start, end, and step parameters to extract portions from a string such as hello world, including reverse slicing and exclusive end behavior.

Explore Python string methods such as upper, lower, strip, replace, split, and count, and learn how isalnum, isdigit, isalpha, islower, and isupper validate and analyze strings.

Print every character in a string by using indexing and a for loop, iterating from zero to the string length and printing each element on its own line.

Count vowels in a string by a for loop. Check each character against a e i o u and increment a counter starting from zero to print the final count.

Learn to check if a string is a palindrome in Python by reversing the string with slicing and loop, using Malayalam as a palindrome example and hello as a non-palindrome.

Learn to convert an input string into a hyphen-separated string in Python by iterating over characters and conditionally appending hyphens, avoiding a trailing hyphen.

Explore sets in Python for placements, learning that sets are unordered collections of unique elements, and perform union, intersection, and difference with practical examples in code.

Explore Python tuples, an immutable, ordered collection enclosed in round brackets, with indexing, length, and methods like count and index to access and analyze elements.

Discover how to use dictionaries in Python to store unique key-value pairs, access values by key, add or update entries, and delete items with del or pop.

Learn how to identify Armstrong numbers in Python by summing digits raised to the number of digits, with practical examples like 153 and 1634.

Learn how to determine if a number is perfect by summing its proper divisors, using a loop up to half the value, with examples like 28 and 6.

In Python for placements, learn to compute sums of even and odd-indexed elements from a list and their difference using a for loop.

Flip binary digits by iterating through a binary string and constructing a new complementary string, while noting strings are immutable and using a loop in VS Code.

Iterate through the robot type strings with a for loop, extract the last element as strength, convert it to an integer, and output the strongest robot.

Identify the maximum number of consecutive s in a dot-separated spell string, ignoring dots; debug and fix a bug where ending with s yields an incorrect result.

Check if a string is a valid password by enforcing minimum length, no spaces or slashes, not starting with a number, and containing a digit and an uppercase letter.

Count stars and hashes in the string to determine edits needed; return zero when balanced, a positive value if stars exceed hashes, or a negative value if hashes exceed stars.

Sort a string of lowercase letters by converting characters to ascii values with ord, sorting, then converting back with chr to produce an alphabetically ordered string in Python.

Find the first and last occurrence of k in a sorted list, returning -1 if absent, by using list.index(k) for the first and a max index check for the last.