Become a Plumbing Professional - P 1/2 - Water Supply Design

Explore how plumbing traps prevent foul gases by maintaining a water seal, with trap types like U-shaped, S, and P traps, plus Q or D traps and basic installation fittings.

Explore trap detailing for kitchen sink waste lines, including trap assembly, cleaning access, and maintenance. Identify trap quality criteria—easy cleaning, self-cleaning, and smooth internal and external surfaces.

Identify the water service pipe as the conduit from the public water main crossing the property line into the building, with public and private segments.

Understand the difference between water service pipe and water distribution pipe from the main line to the property, plus building shut off and water meters per local codes.

Learn to use the international plumbing code to size water service pipes, IPC chapter 6 section 603.1, and 3/4 inch (19 mm) as the minimum size for water distribution.

Explore five distribution network types in water supply design: direct supply, direct, hydro pneumatic, transfer pump, and booster pump systems, with upcoming videos detailing each.

we discuss distribution type 1 water supply using the main pipe from city lines; pumps may be needed to reach upper floors in one- or two-story buildings.

Explore the direct pump water supply system: from city main line to underground and overhead tanks, with pumps moving water to floors and to toilets, kitchens, and bathrooms.

Discover how a hydro pneumatic distribution type 3 system uses an underground tank, a pressure tank, pumps, and compressed air to boost water flow during peak demand, reducing energy use.

Learn distribution type 4 in water supply design, using underground tanks and overhead tank to deliver gravity fed water with isolation and flushing pipes for kitchens, bathrooms, closets, and urinals.

Understand distribution type 5 by comparing gravity-fed lower floors with a transfer pump system and two booster pumps after the overhead tanks to raise pressure for upper floors.

Explore fluid mechanics and hydraulics, and see how plumbing applies to flow through pipes, while examining water properties such as viscosity, density, laminar and turbulent flow, and temperature effects.

Explore how density, defined as mass per volume, governs water in plumbing. Learn to use standard density of 62.3 lb/ft^3 and that temperature changes have only minor effects on density.

Explore viscosity, the interaction of liquid molecules, using honey and water as examples; heating lowers viscosity, while cold or hard water shows negligible differences in plumbing.

Explore laminar versus turbulent water flow, illustrated by streamlines in pipe segments; understand how restrictions, rough surfaces, and components like pumps and valves increase turbulence, guiding engineers to minimize it.

Apply the international plumbing code 2012 table 4.3.1 to determine educational facilities' fixture requirements. Compute water closets, lavatories, laboratories, and drinking fountains from total students and gender mix.

learn how to calculate school plumbing fixtures using a 60-student example, determining two water closets and laboratory needs, with drinking fountains optional based on design approach and client requirements.

Calculate indoor sports facility plumbing fixtures using the IPC table, separating male and female needs, determining water closets and lavatories while considering client requirements and cost saving choices.

Follow the design process of a plumbing system, including pipe diameter and sizes. Use water demand and velocity as inputs to size pipes via fixture units and ASPE values.

Learn to estimate water demand using Hunter's method for residential, villa, and high-rise buildings, widely adopted by international standards to design plumbing systems.

Estimate water demand for a residential cold water system by calculating water supply fixture units (WSF) for fixtures (kitchen sink, water closet, lavatory, bathtub) and converting to GPA.

Explore sizing domestic water systems using water supply fixture units (WSF) and assigning WSF values to fixtures per IPC appendix E table E103.3(2), including private and public water closets.

Compare flush tank and flush valve systems for water closets, noting tank filling via a fill line and about 20 seconds, versus high-pressure flushing used in public spaces.

Assign fixture unit values to each fixture using the International Plumbing Code table, detailing tubs, water closets, and sinks, and referencing Appendix E for cold water supply values.

Assign fixture values, sum to total fixture units, and convert to a GP to estimate water demand; trace main pipe sections from the most remote fixture.

Compute fixture units for each branch, sum fixture values, and determine pipe sizing for the water service from the main line to the building entrance.

Learn how to assign fixture units to each branch in a water supply design, sum them to obtain the total fixture units, and convert to GBM.

Convert each fixture unit to gpm using IPC 2012 table 103.3 (left side for supply systems). Use linear interpolation for in-between values and sum gpm per section, not fixture units.

Learn to determine pipe diameters from building water demand using a velocity-based formula, applying IPC standards and handbook data to select blue and green supply pipes.

Learn how to determine water distribution pipe sizes by reading riser diagrams, applying velocity-based diameter calculations, using online calculators, and selecting practical, market-available pipe sizes.

Learn to determine fixture supply pipe diameters from IPCC table 6.04.5, using examples for bathtub, water closet, laboratory, and kitchen sink, starting from the most remote fixture.

Explore overhead roof tanks and underground storage tanks used in residential buildings. Understand their placement, water supply duration, and shapes such as cylindrical or rectangular.

Investigate storage tank capacity for underground and overhead tanks, noting US and Europe differences, and learn two methods to calculate capacity: the Apelles method and the fixture method.

Apply the people's method to design an underground storage tank for a building: compute daily capacity from 50 occupants at 100 litres per person, then scale for two storage days.

Convert the volume to cubic meters, set base dimensions from site constraints, then calculate the height with V = L × W × H to finalize the underground tank.

Calculate the overhead restaurant tank for 50 guests at 60 litres per person per day, derive 1.5 m³ for half a day, and design a cuboid tank from site dimensions.

Compute hospital overhead tank size for 100 beds using 200 litres per bed per day, and design a rectangular tank with a 3 by 2.5 m base and 2.6 m height.