
Learn pigging and inline inspection for oil and gas pipelines, covering pig types, launcher and receiver design, tool selection (MFL and metal loss), verification, and real-world case studies.
Pigging propels a properly sized spherical or cylindrical device through a pipeline to clean, inspect, or distribute inhibitors, mitigating microbial induced corrosion by removing deposits and enabling biocide injection.
Learn why pipeline pigging removes debris, paraffin, and scales to sustain flow, and how it supports construction, commissioning, operation, and smart inspections like caliper and MFL pigs.
Explain why pigging pipelines during operation remove debris, free water, and condensates; use batching to separate multi-product streams; and improve inhibitor efficacy and flow efficiency to prolong pipeline life.
Explore types of pigs in oil and gas pipelines: conventional cleaning, maintenance and sealing pigs, geometry pigs for inline inspection, plus foam, solid cast, gel bags, and caliper pigs.
Identify key design parameters that determine piggable oil and gas pipelines, including inner and outer diameters, proper valve selection, bends, tees, launchers and receivers, and check valve types.
Explore pig launcher and receiver design for oil and gas pipelines, covering big vessels, major and minor piping, bypass and checkout lines, safety features, and ASME code-based design considerations.
Compute differential pressure to drive a pig in pipelines, select pig type and bypass ports, and apply velocity guidelines for launcher and receiver design.
Explain the pigging procedure for launching and receiving pigs in oil and gas pipelines. Learn nitrogen flushing, venting, and valve sequencing to balance pressures and enable smooth transfer.
Present system operational verification for ili inspections, detailing pre-inspection and inspection requirements, tool readiness, benchmarking with markers, and validating results against performance specifications.
Validate and verify ILI inspection results using three validation levels, comparing with historical data and field measurements, and applying distance corrections with above-ground markers and odometer readings.
Use geometry caliper tools to detect pipeline deformation, such as ovality and dents, caused by natural hazards, and quantify inside diameter changes with a mechanically activated stylus.
Explore metal loss inspection with smart pigs, comparing magnetic flux leakage and ultrasonic methods for oil and gas pipelines, including axial and circumferential mfl, tfi, and eddy current options.
Examine real inline inspection cases using high-resolution MFL to detect metal loss, corrosion, dents, and cracks, and learn sizing, depth, and detection probability through tool specifications.
Pipeline Pigging refers to the practice of using devices or implements known as 'pigs' to perform various cleaning, clearing, maintenance, inspection, dimensioning, process and pipeline testing operations on new and existing pipelines. For existing operational pipelines pigging is normally performed without stopping the flow of the product in the pipeline. The 'pigs' can be of differing materials and configurations such Polyurethane Open Cell Foam, Cast Polyurethane and Rubber.
There are some hypotheses for why the process is called 'pipeline pigging', though none have been confirmed. One theory states that in the past, a leather-bound tool was sent through the pipeline, making the sound of a squealing pig as it passed through. Another theory is that after opening a pig trap, the tool lies in a pile of mud, in the same way a pig does.
Pipeline operators, service providers, and the regulatory community continually strive to improve the safety and
integrity of gas and liquid pipelines. In-line inspection of pipelines is a key technology utilized by the industry to help
maintain systems safety and integrity. In-line Inspection (ILI) really began in the 1960s with the introduction of a tool for corrosion measurement based on magnetic-flux-leakage technology. Today there are over 30 different tools in use by more than a dozen companies providing ILI services.