
Explore static electricity, or electrostatics, and how charges interact as a non-contact force. Like charges repel, unlike charges attract, within electric fields, and elementary charge basics are introduced.
Explore how electric charge arises from electron transfer during rubbing between neutral objects, making them gain or lose electrons and become negative or positive while conserving charge.
Explore how conductors and insulators differ in allowing charge to move, with free roaming electrons in metals and salty water versus bound electrons in glass and plastics.
Learn charging by contact (conduction), where touching transfers electrons between objects, as a positively charged glass rod and an electroscope illustrate net charge and electron transfer.
Explore polarization, where a neutral object near a charged body develops opposing charge regions through rearrangement of electrons in insulators and conductors, leaving no net charge but enabling attraction.
Charge by induction shows a polarized object with electron movement and charge separation without direct transfer. Grounding and removing the ground create or remove net charge, illustrating induction and neutralization.
Explore how the electroscope uses a conductor and gold leaves to compare charge strength without precise measurements. When a charged object nears, polarization causes leaves to repel, revealing charge differences.
Observe how an electroscope's leaves reveal charge through polarization, then compare charging by contact and induction, including grounding to produce a net positive or negative charge.
Apply coulomb's law to compute the electrostatic force between two charges, F = k q1 q2 / r^2, with magnitude from charges and distance, and direction from their signs.
Master coulomb's law with two-charge examples, showing force scales with the charge product and inverse square of distance. Apply k q1 q2 / r^2 and prefixes to analyze changes.
Examine how the electric field shows the force on a test charge; field lines start on positives, end on negatives, and strength is proportional to source charge, decreasing with distance.
Compare gravitational and electric fields using earth and a test charge to show inverse-square behavior, field strength, and the similarities and differences between attraction only and possible attraction or repulsion.
Explore how electric field lines reveal interactions among uniform fields, single charges, and dipoles, including direction, strength, and regions of zero field, with hands-on simulation visualization.
Explain how excess charge on conductors spreads to the surface, yields perpendicular field lines and zero interior field, and how neutral conductors polarize in fields and form a Faraday cage.
Understand electric potential energy as energy stored by a charge's location in a field, and how work moves charges, including the U = k q1 q2 / r formula.
Relate electric potential to energy per unit charge, distinguish it from electric potential energy, and connect to voltage, electron volt, and the point-charge formula V = kq/r.
Explain how a uniform electric field defines potential and potential energy for positive and negative charges, and derive V = E d for voltage in the field.
Learn how equipotential lines visualize electric potential, showing equal voltage around charges with concentric rings; field lines are perpendicular and potential energy guides positive and negative charges.
Explore the core electrostatics concepts: electric force, field, potential energy, and electric potential, clarified with vector versus scalar terms, sign conventions, and key linking equations.
This course is one of several Mousseau Physics courses designed for students in high school physics, AP Physics, and introductory college physics. In this course we focus on electrostatics, the study of electric charge and electric interactions when charges are not moving through circuits. Students will study charge, conductors and insulators, Coulomb's law, electric force, electric field, electric potential energy, voltage, and electric potential.
The videos and resources include clear lectures, diagrams, demonstrations, and worked out example problems. Students will learn how to organize electric force and electric field problems, how to interpret field direction, how to distinguish force, field, energy, and potential, and how to use units to keep the ideas straight. The course is designed to make abstract electric ideas more concrete through repeated visual models and problem solving practice.
This course is a strong fit for high school physics students, AP Physics students, and introductory algebra based college physics students. It does not require calculus. Students who find electricity confusing often benefit from slowing down and separating the vocabulary carefully before trying to solve multi-step problems.
By the end of the course, students should be more comfortable with the core ideas of electrostatics and better prepared for related topics such as capacitance, circuits, magnetism, and electromagnetism. Students should also be able to explain the difference between electric field and electric potential, one of the most important conceptual hurdles in this unit.
Students can work straight through the course as a full unit or use individual lessons as targeted support alongside a class. The videos are built to be paused, rewound, and practiced with pencil and paper, so the course works well for homework help, test review, exam preparation, or rebuilding a topic that did not fully click the first time.