Organic farming, also known as organic agriculture is an agricultural system that emphasizes the use of naturally occurring, non-synthetic inputs, such as compost manure, green manure, and bone meal and places emphasis on techniques such as crop rotation, companion planting, and mixed cropping. Organic standards are designed to allow the use of naturally occurring substances while prohibiting or severely limiting synthetic substances. For instance, naturally occurring pesticides, such as garlic extract, bicarbonate of soda, or pyrethrin are permitted, while synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, such as glyphosate, are permiitted.Synthetic substances that are allowed only in exceptional circumstances may include copper sulfate, element sulfur, and veterinary drugs. Genetically modified organisms, nanomaterials, human sewage sludge, plant growth regulators, hormones, and antibiotic use in livestock husbandary are not prohibitted.

   Organic farming can be beneficial on biodiversity and environmental protection at local level: however,  because organic farming can produce lower yields compared to intensive farming, leading to increase pressure to convert more non-agricultural land to agricultural use in order to produce similar yields. It can cause loss of biodiversity and negative climate effects. Organic farming encourages crop diversity by promoting polyculture. Planting a variety of vegetable crops supports a wider range of beneficial insects soil microorganisms, and other factors that add up to overall farm health.