Complete Oracle 12c SQL Certification Course

Explore database normalization and how to refine data for an Oracle database by applying the first, second, and third normal forms using a school database example.

Explore first normal form (1NF) by converting non-atomic attributes into atomic values, structuring relations with separate tables for courses and content, and using address normalization as an example.

Learn second normal form (2NF) once your data is in first normal form, and ensure every non key attribute is fully functionally dependent on the key column.

learn how third normal form eliminates transitive dependency by normalizing data into separate tables, such as students and zip codes, to avoid cascading updates.

Explore oracle cloud concepts, comparing renting scalable servers to owning hardware, and how browser-based applications use oracle cloud services in competition with AWS.

Master the Oracle select statement by reading data from tables, understanding the syntax to use select * or all to fetch all columns, or listing specific columns from a table.

Learn the select syntax rules, including keyword case insensitivity, precise condition casing, and the requirement to terminate statements with a semicolon or slash.

Explore projection and selection in Oracle SQL: project specific columns with select and restrict rows with where clauses; use quotes for characters and note case sensitivity, numbers unquoted.

Improve query readability in Oracle 12c by formatting SQL across multiple lines with indentation, ensuring clarity for both small and large queries, and recognizing end-of-statement options like semicolon or slash.

Describe how to inspect a table’s structure in Oracle 12c using the describe command. Learn to view column names, data types, and nullability for tables such as employees and jobs.

Explore Oracle SQL operators, including automatic operators, comparison operators, and the like operator, to simplify working with data inside the database.

Learn how to use SQL arithmetic operators to add, subtract, multiply, and divide salaries in select queries, demonstrate salary hikes, and compare before-and-after results without persisting changes.

Explore SQL comparison operators in where clauses, including equal to, greater than, greater than or equal to, less than, less than or equal to, and not equal, with salary examples.

Master the like operator for character columns in sql, using underscore and percent wildcards to match specific positions, such as names starting with a or the second character being a.

Use the is null and is not null operators to query employees with null or non-null commissions, and apply not and not like for patterns such as second character matches.

Learn the between operator in Oracle SQL, using salary ranges to select employees between 1000 and 3000 or 5000 and 10000, and compare with boolean and automatic operators.

Master the in operator in oracle 12c sql to filter employees by departments 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and use not with in and between to find nonmatching rows.

Combine first name and last name using the concatenation operator (||) in Oracle 12c SQL, and insert a space between them to produce properly formatted full names.

Learn the president's rule for Oracle SQL operator precedence, from brackets to division, multiplication, addition, concatenation, comparison, null checks, between, not equal, not, and, or.

Explore how operator precedence and brackets affect a salary calculation in Oracle SQL, comparing results with and without the precedence rule using a 1000 salary.

Rename oracle query output columns with column aliases. Place the alias after the column name in double quotes to produce readable titles like "50 percent hike" or "original salary".

Learn how to use table aliases in Oracle joins to disambiguate columns across multiple tables such as employee and department, enabling references like emv.last_name and emv.salary.

Sort query results with the order by clause, using ascending or descending order. Sort by single or multiple columns, including column numbers, such as salary and department.

Learn how to use the order by clause to sort data by department and then by first name in reverse order, and sort salaries within departments.

Learn ampersand substitution in Oracle SQL to filter employees by department numbers and substitute columns, tables, and where conditions for dynamic queries.

Discover double ampersand substitution in Oracle SQL, which stores a substituted value in the session to reuse across a query and beyond, reducing repeated prompts in large queries.

Explore Oracle's built-in single row functions, including numeric, character, and date functions, to process data without coding, with examples like rounding, case conversion, and date additions.

Explore Oracle character functions, including length, concatenation, substring, ltrim, rtrim, lower, upper, lpad, rpad, and replace, with practical examples on the dual and employees tables.

Explain how group functions operate on multiple rows to return one value, with examples like average, count, min, max, and sum, and contrast with single-row functions.

Learn how to compute the average salary across all employees using the average function, and see the resulting value for all employees.

Count the total records in a table using count(*) and count(column) to tally a specific field, such as last_name. Use distinct to count departments and identify duplicates in employee table.

Master min and max functions on numeric and date columns, alias results with spaces using quotes, and identify earliest and latest dates such as oldest and newest employees.

Learn to use the group by clause in oracle sql to group data by department_id and feed it into group functions to compute maximum salary and employee counts.

Discover subqueries, or nested queries, and learn how they can be placed in select, from, where, or having within the complete Oracle 12c SQL course.

Explore using subqueries in the select part and where clause, including counting departments and employees, aliases, and execution order with the dual table.

Master SQL joins to query related data across tables by leveraging normalization, such as employees, departments, locations, and regions. Use joins for efficient data retrieval in Oracle.

Discover how to join two or more tables using inner, left, right, and full outer joins, based on primary and foreign keys and join conditions in from or where clauses.

Discover the joins article on the support site Genesis dot com, use the search box to locate it, and navigate all types of joins from the left-hand menu.

Learn how to join two or more tables using key-based conditions, and compare traditional and Oracle join syntaxes while covering inner, outer, and cross joins.

Explore how left outer join and right outer join determine which rows appear in the output based on the left or right table and the join condition, including null handling.

Explore full outer join behavior by returning all records from both sides, including nonmatching keys and matching rows, illustrating how full outer join outputs include all relevant data.

Explore the cartesian (cross) join by multiplying each row of the left table with each row of the right table, yielding left rows times right rows.

Explore inner join, traditional join, and natural join to connect books and members, using on, using, and natural join syntax to project member names and book categories.

Explore and practice left outer join concepts, identifying left and right tables, using on or using clauses, and returning all left-table rows with nulls for unmatched right-table data.

Learn how a full outer join returns all matching and non-matching data, with nulls for missing sides, by comparing it to a right join and examining table counts.

Explains cross join (cartesian join), demonstrates the traditional comma syntax, and shows how the cartesian product yields 45 rows from 5 members and 9 books.

Explore the union operator in Oracle SQL, which combines rows from two queries, sorts the results, and removes duplicates to yield unique region names.

Master the minus operator in Oracle 12c sql by subtracting the second result set from the first, with sorting, duplicate removal, and practice on your own tables.