
Introduction and definition
· Other common terms for PAN (e.g. minimal sedation with nitrous oxide/oxygen etc.)
· Safety of minimal sedation with nitrous oxide/oxygen or PAN sedation
· Brief outline of this conscious minimal sedation course
· What is PAN (Psychotropic Analgesic Nitrous Oxide)?
· What is conscious sedation?
· Goal for using PAN sedation (minimal sedation with nitrous oxide/oxygen) and this nitrous oxide course for dentist and doctor
· Disclaimer & Conflict of interest statements for this conscious minimal sedation course
Part 1 Introduction to Pharmacology & Physiology of PAN
· Safety of PAN (minimal conscious sedation with nitrous oxide/oxygen)
· Customised equipment needed for safe effective use of this laughing gas course and for safe practice highlighted by this nitrous oxide training for dentist and doctor
· History of PAN (minimal conscious sedation with nitrous oxide/oxygen)
· Applications of PAN in medicine and dentistry mentioned in this nitrous oxide course for dentist and doctor
· Nitrous oxide minimal sedation widely used in USA and hence safe applicability of this laughing gas course
· Defensive reflexes retained during minimal sedation with nitrous oxide
· Apart from dentistry - wide range of proven applications of nitrous oxide sedation in medicine
· Definitions of fear, anxiety and pain noted in this this laughing gas course
Part 2 Pharmacology & Physiology of PAN Continued
· Nitrous oxide’s interaction with the endogenous opioid system demonstrated in this nitrous oxide training for dentist and doctor
· Proof that nitrous oxide at low doses consistent with minimal sedation acts on the endogenous opioid system
· Pioneering findings with nitrous oxide minimal sedation or PAN sedation including the first physiological link on the pain-pleasure continuum
· Definite differences between minimal sedation with nitrous oxide and anaesthesia with nitrous oxide - a very important concept for this nitrous sedation course
· What is conscious sedation with laughing gas?
· Advantages of nitrous oxide over other methods of pain and anxiety control
· Nitrous oxide conscious sedation prevents arterial blood desaturation regularly produced by local anaesthetics alone - an important element for this nitrous sedation course
· Physical properties of nitrous oxide and relevance to use during the use of clinical conscious sedation
· Clinical physiology, anatomy and pharmacology of laughing gas minimal sedation as applied in this nitrous oxide training for dentist and physician
Advantages of PAN sedation for Patient & Doctor
· Advantages for patient – relaxation, pain control and anti-stress following the correct application of this conscious minimal sedation course
· Advantage for dentists and physicians who master this nitrous oxide training course – reduces patient management stress, improves work done, increases profitability of those who master this nitrous oxide course for dentist and doctor
· Causes and management of practice stress as shown in this nitrous sedation course and highlighted in this nitrous sedation course
· Using laughing gas to increase practice profitability is ethical and rational - highlighted by this nitrous oxide course for dentist and doctor
· Those who complete this nitrous oxide training course will see increased patient numbers if they apply laughing gas to their practices
· Inappropriate choices unnecessarily limit the use of fruits of this conscious minimal sedation course
· Allow patients to choose if they would like to try using PAN – rather than the dentist or doctor; provided it is clinically relevant to give PAN - highlighted in this nitrous oxide (laughing gas) course
· Medical applications of this nitrous oxide training course discussed
· Use of laughing gas after completing this nitrous gas course
· Actual technique for applying laughing gas for acute substance abuse withdrawal states
· Scientific papers supporting the use of nitrous oxide for treating substance abuse mentioned here in this conscious minimal sedation course
· Safety and possible application of PAN after this nitrous gas course for asthma
· Importance of economic viability emphasised in this nitrous sedation course
· Profitability spelled out and increased by using fixed installed nitrous oxide equipment as opposed to portable trolley systems. Nitrous oxide minimal conscious sedation is a Win Win
· Although profitability still possible - it is reduced by using portable trolley nitrous oxide conscious sedation equipment - nevertheless can still be a Win Win
· Other important disadvantages of portable trolley nitrous oxide systems as compared to fixed units outlined here in this nitrous oxide training course
· By contributing to the bottom-line PAN decreases the financial stress of running a dental or medical practice
· PAN helps build practices by reducing the need for general anaesthetics and saving costs by orders of magnitude for patients
· Main reason for reducing profits is unnecessarily limiting the use of PAN - as emphasised here in this laughing gas course
· Economic viability for hospitals and non-profit primary-health-care centres shown during this nitrous gas course
Nitrous oxide course for Dentists & Dental Hygienists - Guide to Nitrous Oxide/Oxygen Minimal Conscious Sedation or PAN Sedation: Theoretical Basis of Practice. By Dr Mark A. Gillman (updated September 2024)
This nitrous oxide course (laughing gas) is a comprehensive, clear textbook/ workshop manual giving the theoretical knowledge on how to use PAN also known as minimal sedation with nitrous oxide/oxygen for medical and dental applications ((Nitrous oxide course for Dentists & Dental Hygienists)
· It is particularly useful for minor medical and dental procedures which are accompanied by anxiety and/or pain.
· It has applications in medicine for treatment of acute substance abuse withdrawal states and for diagnostic and therapeutic use in other neuropsychiatric conditions such as depression.
· The basic slide format with commentary enables practitioners to proceed at their own pace absorbing the essential theory and once they have done so, rapidly learn the practical technique during hands-on training.
PAN is also known as inhalation sedation or relative analgesia. This Nitrous oxide course for Dentists & Dental Hygienists - (laughing gas) (Nitrous oxide course for Dentists & Dental Hygienists) aims to give physicians, dentist and suitably qualified nurses the theoretical basis on which the technique is based. Like any surgical procedure replace hands-on training which takes no more that 2-3 hours to acquire practical skills once the practitioner is thoroughly familiar with the theoretical aspects, which are given in sufficient detail in the presentation to enable trainees to rapidly be taught to administer the gases practically. The training must be done with either a dental practitioner who is experienced with the technique of PAN in their daily practice or some other registered practitioner who is also well-schooled in the use of nitrous oxide/oxygen minimal sedation. Anaesthesiologists are not usually suitable because practitioners to teach PAN sedation, because they normally use much higher concentrations of nitrous oxide for anaesthesia and seldom use PAN in their practices. The crucial difference is that during anaesthesia the subject is unconscious, while during PAN sedation the consciousness of the subject is little obtunded so that they can readily understand and comply with verbal instructions. For those interested, Dr Gillman is available to train practitioners in South Africa or anywhere else in the world. He can be contacted at mag@iafrica.com.
This current 4th edition is largely based on the previous editions, which had a similar title which has been successfully sold in South Africa and the rest of Africa as well as various countries in Europe and elsewhere. In South Africa, it has been allocated 8 continuing professional development. It has 6 sections:
1.Introduction and definition – gives some back ground
2. Physiology & Pharmacology of PAN
Lecture 2 Part 1 Introduction to Pharmacology & Physiology of PAN
Lecture 2. Part 2 Pharmacology & Physiology of PAN Continued
3. Advantages of PAN sedation for Patient & Doctor
4. Practical Aspects
5. Ethical use of PAN
6. Financial viability
7. Bibliography
These 6 sections cover the following:
Other terms commonly used for PAN;
Historical Overview;
Overview of Clinical Uses of Nitrous Oxide/Oxygen Sedation;
Concept of Anxiety and Pain;
Basic Physiology of Pain and the Endogenous Opioid System and physiological basis of the pain-pleasure continuum;
Nitrous oxide interactions with the Endogenous opioid system and this relationship to Pain and Anxiety Control;
Methods of Pain & Anxiety Management and Nitrous Oxide/Oxygen Sedation;
Differences between Nitrous Oxide/Oxygen Sedation and General Anaesthesia;
Physical & Chemical Properties in relation to Nitrous Oxide/Oxygen Sedation;
Clinical Respiratory Anatomy Physiology & Nitrous Oxide/Oxygen Sedation;
Pharmacology of Nitrous Oxide/Oxygen Sedation;
Practical Aspects of Nitrous Oxide/Oxygen Sedation;
a. Patient Assessment
b. Importance of Titration
c. Monitoring Patient
d. Patient Involvement
e. Endpoint/Comfort Zone (Ethics of using correct concentration)
f. Terminating Administration
g. Patient Recovery
h. Customised Equipment
i. Using PAN to treat acute substance abuse withdrawal states
j. Ethical responsibilities.
k. Ethical prudent practice guidelines
l. Ethical practise building and profit aspects
m. Pollution control as an ethical and legal responsibility
n. Financial aspects and benefits