
1- Unicast Packet Forwarding
2- Multicast Packet Forwarding Introduction
3- Broadcast Packet Forwarding
1- Unicast Using Multiple Streams introduction
2- Broadcast Streams introduction
3- Multicast Streams introduction
4- Multicast More common applications introduction
1- One-to-Many Multicast Applications introduction and usage
2- Many-to-Many Multicast Applications introduction and usage
3- Many-to-One Multicast Applications introduction and usage
1- Multicast Packet introduction
2- Multicast Source introduction
3- Multicast Receiver introduction
1- L3 Multicast Is Built on the TCP/IP Protocol Stack introduction
2- IPv4 Unicast Packet Review
3- All-Hosts Broadcast Packet Review
4- Directed Broadcast Packet Review
1- Multicast Fundamentals Introduction
2- Transmission methods Introduction
3- Unicast Transmission methods Introduction
4- Multicast Transmission methods Introduction
5- Broadcast Transmission methods Introduction
6- Multicast Addressing Introduction
7- Well-Known Reserved Multicast Addresses Introduction
8- IP Multicast Addresses Assigned by IANA Introduction
9- Local network control block (224.0.0/24) Introduction
10- Internetwork control block (224.0.1.0/24) Introduction
11- Source Specific Multicast (SSM) block (232.0.0.0/8) Introduction
12- GLOP block (233.0.0.0/8) Introduction
13- Administratively scoped block (239.0.0.0/8) Introduction
14- Layer 2 Multicast Addresses Introduction
1- IPv4 Layer 3 Multicast Addressing Defines Groups Introduction
2- IPv4 Classful Addressing Review
3- Class D addressing RFCs Introduction
1- Internet Group Management Protocol [IGMP] v1 Introduction
2- Internet Group Management Protocol [IGMP] v1 Message Format Introduction
3- Internet Group Management Protocol [IGMP] v1 Message Types Introduction
4- Internet Group Management Protocol [IGMP] v1 Configuration
5- Internet Group Management Protocol [IGMP] v2 Introduction
6- Internet Group Management Protocol [IGMP] v2 Message Format Introduction
7- Internet Group Management Protocol [IGMP] v2 Message Types Introduction
8- Internet Group Management Protocol [IGMP] v2 Configuration
9- Internet Group Management Protocol [IGMP] v3 Introduction
10- Internet Group Management Protocol [IGMP] v3 Message Format Introduction
11- Internet Group Management Protocol [IGMP] v3 Message Types Introduction
12- Internet Group Management Protocol [IGMP] v3 Configuration
13- Internet Group Management Protocol [IGMP] Snooping Introduction
1- Protocol Independent Multicast [PIM] Introduction
2- PIM Distribution Trees - Source Tree Introduction
3- PIM Distribution Trees - Shortest Path Tree(SPT) Introduction
4- Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF) Introduction
5- Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF) Interface Introduction
6- Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF) Neighbor Introduction
7- Multicast Routing Information Base (MRIB) Introduction
8- Multicast Forwarding Information Base (MFIB) Introduction
9- Multicast state (S,G) Introduction
10- Incoming interface (IIF) Introduction
11- Outgoing interface List (OIL) Introduction
12- Last-hop router (LHR) Introduction
13- First-hop router (FHR) Introduction
14- PIM operating modes Introduction
15- PIM Dense Mode Introduction
16- PIM-DM Flood and Prune Operation Introduction
17- PIM Dense Mode Configuration
18- PIM Dense Mode Verification
1- Protocol Independent Multicast [PIM] Introduction
2- PIM Distribution Trees - Shared Tree Introduction
3- PIM Distribution Trees - RP trees (RPT) Introduction
4- PIM Sparse Mode Introduction
5- PIM Sparse Mode Configuration
6- PIM Sparse Mode Verification
7- PIM Sparse Mode Source Registration Introduction
8- PIM Register Message Introduction
9- PIM Register Stop Message Introduction
10- PIM Join Message Introduction
11- PIM Prune Message Introduction
12- PIM Sparse Mode PIM SPT Switchover Introduction
13- PIM Sparse Mode Reverse Path Forwarding [RPF] Introduction
1- PIM Sparse Mode Introduction
2- PIM Shared and Source Path Trees Introduction
3- PIM Sparse Mode Shared Tree Join Introduction
4- PIM Sparse Mode Source Registration Introduction
5- PIM Sparse Mode PIM SPT Switchover Introduction
6- PIM Designated Router Introduction
7- PIM Designated Router Configuration
8- PIM Designated Router Verification
9- PIM Forwarder Router Introduction
10- PIM Forwarder Router Configuration
11- PIM Forwarder Router Verification
12- PIM Assert Mechanism Introduction
1- Rendezvous Points Introduction
2- Static RP Introduction
3- Static RP Configuration
4- Static RP Verification
5- Cisco Auto-RP Introduction
6- Cisco Auto-RP Candidate RPs Introduction
7- Cisco Auto-RP Mapping Agent Introduction
8- Cisco Auto-RP Configuration
9- Cisco Auto-RP Verification
10- PIM Bootstrap Router Introduction
11- PIM Bootstrap Router Candidate RPs Introduction
12- PIM Bootstrap Router BSR Introduction
13- PIM Bootstrap Router Configuration
14- PIM Bootstrap Router Verification
1- Source Specific Multicast [SSM] Introduction
2- Source Specific Multicast [SSM] Configuration by Default Range
3- Source Specific Multicast [SSM] Configuration by Non-Default Range
4- Source Specific Multicast [SSM] Verification
1- Bidirectional PIM Mechanism Introduction
2- Bidirectional PIM Usage Introduction
3- Bidirectional PIM Advantages Introduction
4- Bidirectional PIM Disadvantages Introduction
5- Bidirectional PIM Configuration with Static RP
6- Bidirectional PIM Verification
1- Bidirectional PIM [Auto RP] Introduction
2- Bidirectional PIM [Auto RP] Configuration
3- Bidirectional PIM [Auto RP] Verification
1- Bidirectional PIM [BSR] Introduction
2- Bidirectional PIM [BSR] Configuration
3- Bidirectional PIM [BSR] Verification
1- Multicast Source Discovery Protocol [MSDP] Introduction
2- Multicast Source Discovery Protocol [MSDP] Source Active [SA] Message Introduction
3- Multicast Source Discovery Protocol [MSDP] Keep Alive Interval Introduction
4- Multicast Source Discovery Protocol [MSDP] Hold Time Interval Introduction
5- Multicast Source Discovery Protocol [MSDP] Configuration
6- Multicast Source Discovery Protocol [MSDP] Verification
In computer networking, multicast is group communication where data transmission is addressed to a group of destination computers simultaneously. Multicast can be one-to-many or many-to-many distribution.[Multicast should not be confused with physical layer point-to-multipoint communication.
Group communication may either be application layer multicast or network-assisted multicast, where the latter makes it possible for the source to efficiently send to the group in a single transmission. Copies are automatically created in other network elements, such as routers, switches and cellular network base stations, but only to network segments that currently contain members of the group.
Network-assisted multicast may also be implemented at the Internet layer using IP multicast. In IP multicast the implementation of the multicast concept occurs at the IP routing level, where routers create optimal distribution paths for datagrams sent to a multicast destination address.
Multicast is often employed in Internet Protocol (IP) applications of streaming media, such as IPTV and multipoint videoconferencing.
When multiple routers are used in interconnected networks, the routers can exchange information about destination addresses using a routing protocol. Each router builds up a routing table, a list of routes, between two computer systems on the interconnected networks.
IP multicast is a technique for one-to-many communication over an IP network. The destination nodes send Internet Group Management Protocol join and leave messages, for example in the case of IPTV when the user changes from one TV channel to another. IP multicast scales to a larger receiver population by not requiring prior knowledge of who or how many receivers there are. Multicast uses network infrastructure efficiently by requiring the source to send a packet only once, even if it needs to be delivered to a large number of receivers. The nodes in the network take care of replicating the packet to reach multiple receivers only when necessary.