Molecular Biology & Chromatography Techniques Course

Use sodium bisulfite to repress acetaldehyde, bromide to curb chloride formation, and penicillin to enhance permeability, while optimizing carbon and nitrogen sources, minerals, vitamins, media, and bioreactor operation.

Modify media with added protein for protease from rice straw and use orange peel for pectinase. Explain spirulina production in algal ponds, including media, agitation, filtration, drying, and tablet formation.

Explore the physico-chemical factors shaping solid-state fermentation, including microorganism selection, inoculum quality, moisture content and aeration, and how pH, temperature, particle size, and porosity influence growth and product yield.

Explore how x-ray and uv mutagenesis amplified the A106 kb region in Penicillium chrysogenum, boosting penicillin G production through 5–6 fold gene amplification and increased mRNA and enzyme levels.

Engineers rewire E. coli metabolism to enable co-utilization of glucose with arabinose and xylose by deleting the glucose phosphotransferase system, enabling poly lactate glucose glycolate synthesis.

Learn how recombinant insulin was produced in two E. coli strains expressing A and B chains, then purified and joined by disulfide bonds; compare proinsulin, lispro, and glargine designs.

Master impeller geometry for homogeneous mixing, exploring radial and axial flow and blade designs—from flat vertical blades to elephant ear impellers—optimizing oxygen transfer with low shear.

Explore rotating drum bioreactors with no forced aeration, where a horizontal cylinder provides continuous or intermittent mixing and ensures oxygen transfer when the substrate bed is not high.

Illustrates solid state fermentation in a rotary drum bioreactor, detailing seed culture and inoculum handling, rotation-driven mixing, and downstream extraction of the solid substrate.

Isozymes are enzyme variants that catalyze the same reactions but differ in amino acid composition and physicochemical properties, with examples like hexokinase and lactate dehydrogenase in heart versus skeletal muscle.

Classify enzymes by reaction type, show common and tribal names, and map them to six ec classes and their four-part ec number.

Categorize enzymes by application into technical, food, and animal-feed; technical enzymes dominate detergent, textile, pulp-paper, leather, chemicals; amylases and cellulases lead carbohydrates, with proteases and lipases also used.

Explore therapeutic enzymes with anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and digestive applications, and learn why grass organisms are considered for safe industrial enzyme use in the Indian market.