
Mendel did his experiment of hybridization with garden pea. He hypothesized a few facts which eventually led to the basis of the Laws of Inheritance. In this lecturer, we will learn some basic terms used in classical genetics and also the sequence of hybridization experiments performed by Mendel.
In this lecture, we will learn about the inheritance of one character studied by Mendel. Later this experiment becomes the basis for the concept of dominance and segregation.
In this lecture, we will learn about the inheritance of two characters and about the laws of Independent Assortment. We will also learn a few solved examples of typical problems based on hybridization which includes some short-cuts/formulas to solve the problems.
In this lecture, we will learn the types of dominance in addition to the mendelian concept of complete dominance. We will also learn how other types of dominance is an exception to the mendelian concept of dominance.
In this lecture, we will learn how multiple alleles is a deviation from the mendelian concept of alleles. We will also learn about the ABO blood group which is guided by three alleles having specific mutual relations.
In this lecturer, we will learn about the lethal gene and their operations. Lethality is induced in homozygous conditions leading to two types of lethal genes. We will also learn how the lethal gene is an exception to the mendelian concept. The pleiotropic gene is another exception and we will learn its example.
In this lecture, we will learn about the types of gene interaction and their respective metabolic pathway. We will also learn how the phenotypic ratios get modified for different types of inter-allelic interactions.
Genetics is an important part of the assessment for the National Eligibility Entrance Test (NEET)conducted in India for admission in Medical colleges of India. It is part of the Biology syllabus and the weightage of the topic is approx. 6 - 7%. The course includes the following topics:
a. Introduction to Mendel Experiments
b. Monohybrid Experiments
c. Dihybrid Experiments
d. Types of Dominance
e. Multiple Alleles
f. Lethal gene and Pleiotropic gene
g. Interaction of Gene
h. Linkage and gene mapping
The course consists of a detailed lecture on each topic with a focus on conceptual clarity. In the first section of Introduction to Mendelian genetics, the historical aspects of the mendelian experiment are discussed. It is followed by the description of the experiment leading to monohybrid and dihybrid inheritance, their observations and statistical analysis leading to monohybrid and dihybrid phenotypic and genotypic ratios. Some problem of hybridization has also been discussed in the chapter on dihybrid inheritance which is mostly asked in competitive examination.
In the second section, the exception to Mendelian inheritance is discussed. How mendelian laws/hypotheses of inheritance fail to operate in different cases are elaborated. How and why does the typical law of dominance fail to operate in a similar manner in the case of incomplete dominance and co-dominance. Similarly, multiple alleles are a deviation from the mendelian concept of two alleles for a gene, however, it follows the laws of dominance and segregation.