
Students will learn how spatial patterns of crime have been used to create effective prevention policies in the United States.
Identify the map’s purpose, audience, and theme to guide design, layout, and data sources. Apply classification methods—equal interval, quantile, natural breaks (Jenks)—for 3–7 readable classes.
Learn to use spatial joins to aggregate county data to the state level, summing population and homicides to compute homicide rates per 100,000 and produce a state map.
Identify outliers using mean, median, and box plots; compare range and interquartile range; apply the one point five times the interquartile range (iqr) rule or c-scores to flag extreme values.
Identify extreme values in 1990 US homicide rates using GeoDa by creating box plots and standard deviation maps, saving results, and assembling a two-panel map with Open Street Map basemap.
Change and compare world map projections in a lab session, exploring Mercator, Gold Peters projections, and Robinson projection, then save a permanent projection by exporting a new shapefile.
Georeference TRI sites using coordinates and build a county level map of toxic releases in New York by summing site releases per county and overlaying with TRI locations.
Learn to use the zonal statistics tool to perform raster-to-polygon joins and calculate the average ozone level per county, with options for mean, median, and other statistics.
Create a percent change map of homicide rates for Florida counties from 1980–1990, select Florida counties, compute a change field, apply natural breaks, and note instability in small populations.
Identify persistent, emerging, and oscillating homicide hotspots from 1980 to 1990 using a queen contiguity weight matrix and local Moran's clustering.
Identify statistically significant spatial-temporal clusters of illegal fireworks detonations in New York City (June 1–Aug 21, 2020) using a space-time scan statistic and SaTScan.
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have emerged as an essential tool for crime analysts. This course will offer students an opportunity to gain skills in using GIS software to apply spatial analysis techniques to criminal justice and criminological research questions.
While this course focuses on the spatial analysis of crime, the tools and techniques learned in the course apply to public health, epidemiolocal, economic, and sociological phenomena.
The course will incorporate diverse learning activities including lectures that provide a conceptual understanding of the tools and techniques, as well as hands-on skills training in the form of labs. Lessons will focus on using QGIS software to make maps, manage spatial data, and conduct rigorous statistical analysis in the exploration of spatially derived research questions. The laboratory section of the course will give students the opportunity for hands-on learning on how to use GIS systems to analyze data and produce maps and reports. These laboratory exercises will be designed to increasingly challenge the students to incorporate the analytic skills and techniques they have learned during the course. Students can download the lab data and follow along. Importantly, I have lab instructions that students can download and use in the future.
Course Requirements:
GIS Software and Data This course relies heavily on QGIS, GeoDa, and SaTScan software.
o Download QGIS 3.16
o Download GeoDa 1.18
o Download SaTScan 9.6
Computer Access Students will need a personal computer or public computer where they can download the software and data.
Prerequisites This course assumes no previous experience in the use of geographic information systems (GIS) or statistics. The basic ability to use a desktop computer and Microsoft Office applications is required.