Linux Tutorial - Master The Command Line

Launch a linux setup using VirtualBox to install Ubuntu; this video guides downloading VirtualBox, creating a Linux VM, mounting the Ubuntu ISO, and completing Ubuntu installation with user credentials.

Learn the ls command to list directory contents, use -l for long format, -h for human-readable sizes, and -a for hidden files, while understanding permissions, owner, and modification times.

Master the cd command to change directories, using absolute and relative paths from home to desktop or documents. Verify with pwd and explore directory contents with ls.

Learn to use mkdir to create directories and nested structures in linux, with examples like university and linux networking, and options -v, -p, and -m for verbosity, parents, and permissions.

Learn how to remove directories in linux with rmdir for empty folders, handle non-empty errors, and use rm -rf for recursive deletion; also create nested dirs with mkdir -p.

Master the touch command to create single or multiple files in Linux, and use -a to copy access times and -m to change modification times, viewing results with ls -l.

Learn to use the cat command to create, read, and merge files, append content with redirection, and view line numbers with -n and end-of-line markers with -e.

Learn how to remove files and directories using the rm command, with options like -f, -i, -v, -r, and -d to control prompts, recursion, verbosity, and empty-directory deletion.

Learn to use the cp command to copy files and directories, including overwriting behavior, interactive prompts with -i, and recursive copying with -r.

Learn how to use the mv command to move files and directories, rename items, and handle overwrites with the -i option in a Linux terminal.

Take the Linux tutorial test with 15 questions, and earn one point for each correct answer. A link to the form is provided in the video description.

Learn how to use the zip command to compress files and directories in Linux, create and update zip archives, add multiple files, and encrypt them with a password.

Learn the unzip command to extract files from zip archives, including using -d to target a directory and -q or -l for quiet or listing.

Master Linux permissions by learning how read, write, and execute control access for user, group, and others, and how to apply numeric representations to set these rights.

Explore the chmod command to change file and directory permissions for user, group, and others. Learn both symbolic and octal representations, including read, write, execute, and special bits like setuid.

Learn to create Linux users with sudo and useradd, including root versus normal users, the pseudo command, and how UID, GID, home directories, and /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow store data.

Learn to create and manage linux groups with groupadd, naming groups like developers and marketing, and assign permissions by role using sudo and the -g and -f options.

Use the usermod command to add users to groups and understand primary and secondary groups, with a walkthrough on creating groups, creating users, and verifying memberships.

Learn to manage linux users with add user and usermod. Create users, add comments, change uid and username, set expiry with -e, and lock or unlock accounts.

Discover how the head command prints the starting content of text files, defaults to the first ten lines, and uses -n or -c to limit lines or bytes.

Master the tail command to read the last ten lines or specific bytes from log files, and monitor updates in real time with tail -f.

Learn the chown command to change file ownership, demonstrated with root and a user named Avinash. Verify access with ls -l and use verbose options to confirm ownership transfer.

Learn how the chgrp command changes a file's group ownership, set up a developer group, add users, and grant group permissions to enable shared file access.

Learn how to use the ping command to check whether a host is reachable, understand icmp echo requests and responses, and explore ip addresses and mac addresses in basic networking.

Discover how the traceroute command maps hops from source to destination, identify gateways and routers, and understand why some hops are unresponsive due to ICMP or firewall settings, Windows tracert.

Master the MTR command, a blend of ping and traceroute, to monitor hops and latency. See packet loss, round-trip time, and IP addresses, with XML or CSV output.

Learn how the host command performs DNS lookups, revealing IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, MX and other records, and following the DNS path from resolver to root, TLD, and authoritative servers.

Use the ifconfig command to view interface details, including IPv4 and IPv6 addresses and MAC address, identify interfaces (like p03), and change an IP address with sudo.

Learn to use the ip command to view IPv4 and IPv6 addresses for interfaces, including MAC addresses, and query a specific interface like p0s3.

Learn to use the whois command to fetch domain and IP information, including registration dates, name servers, admin contacts, and abuse data, for information gathering in cybersecurity.

Master the nslookup command to query DNS records such as A, MX, and TXT, specify types with -type, and verify IPv4 and IPv6 addresses for domains like google.com and facebook.com.

Learn to use wget to download files from http, https, and ftp, including saving to directories, limiting bandwidth, resuming downloads, running in background, renaming output, and downloading multiple URLs.

Learn to mirror a website with wget and locally host it using a python http server, exploring options -m, -k, and -p to fetch HTML, images, and assets.

Learn how to connect to remote Linux machines with SSH on port 22, explore cloud virtual machines in Azure, configure a Ubuntu server, and install Apache to serve web pages.

Explore using the scp command to securely copy files between a local host and a remote machine, including default port 2022, compression, and verbose transfer details.

Master the uptime command to check server longevity, current time, users logged in, and load averages, and explore formatting options like -p and -v for readable outputs.

Learn to use the uname command to retrieve your machine’s kernel name, host name, release version, hardware platform, architecture, and operating system, using options like -a, -s, -m, and -p.

Learn the hostname command to view and change your host name, display IPs with -i and -I, and use sudo or a hostname file for -F FQDN.

learn to manage user passwords with the passwd command, including changing passwords, setting expiration days, making accounts passwordless, and forcing password changes after login.

Learn how to use the chage command to manage password aging, including maximum and minimum days, expiry dates, and warning days, and compare it to the password command's -l view.

Learn how to use the nl command to number lines in files, view line numbers for debugging, and practice with simple examples like start.txt and index.html.

Learn how Linux defines a process as the execution of a program, distinguish foreground and background processes, and use commands like kill and ampersand to manage PIDs.

Learn the ps command to view process state, pid, terminal, and cpu usage; filter by user (-U), show all (-A), or by name (-C), then kill by pid.

learn to use the top command for process management, viewing pid, user, cpu, memory and virtual memory usage; kill processes and filter by user with top -U.

Learn to terminate unresponsive applications by using the kill command with PIDs and signals, including the terminate signal 15 and signal-based killing, plus verifying with ps.