
Explore linear algebra as a foundation for understanding machine learning algorithms, and learn linear equations, the system of equations, slope, time, distance, and unknowns.
Visualize algebraic, logarithmic, quadratic, and trigonometric expressions on a 2D plane; extend to 3D for variables or to n dimensions, using slope as rise over run to define the line.
Understand the importance of the system of linear equations in machine learning, its general form and goal to find a set of values that satisfy all equations.
Learn how representing linear equations as vectors enables compact, efficient solutions for regression and classification in data with linear or non-linear relationships, and extend to higher dimensions.
Explore how data is represented as vectors in machine learning, from 1D scalars to 2D, 3D, and n-dimensional data, highlighting magnitude, direction, and unit vectors.
Discover how to compute vector magnitude and direction across 2d, 3d, and n-dimensional spaces, using geometric, component, row, and column representations and unit vectors.
Compute the magnitude and Euclidean distance between two vectors to assess similarity, using component differences and the Pythagorean theorem in two-dimensional and n dimensions.
Explore position vectors and displacement vectors as building blocks of vectors, and learn to represent points, lines, planes, and hyperplanes from the origin using vectors.
Master addition, subtraction, and scaling of vectors to form the resultant vector, understanding magnitude and direction. Use an online tool to visualize vectors u, v, and w and practice.
Explore the dot product between vectors, including polar and component forms. Learn how it reveals similarity and direction in data science, including orthogonal and opposite vectors.
Compute the projection of vector A onto vector B. Derive the scalar projection as |A| cos theta or A·B/|B|, and define the vector projection using the unit vector.
Explore projection of a vector and its use in dimensionality reduction, projecting two-dimensional data onto one axis to drop a nonessential feature for efficient machine learning decisions.
Explore vector spaces and subspaces as mathematical structures defined by vectors, vector addition, and scalar multiplication. Verify the axioms that ensure closure and the existence of a zero vector.
Explore feature space and input feature vectors in 2d and 3d, and apply vector addition and scalar multiplication to form the mean vector and perform linear transformations.
Explore the span of vectors through linear combinations and coefficients in the real space, showing when vectors are dependent or independent forming lines or the full plane.
Understand the mathematical definition of linear independence for d-dimensional vectors via linear combinations equaling the zero vector, distinguishing dependent and independent sets with 2D examples and applications in machine learning.
Discover how linearly independent vectors define decision boundaries in machine learning by their spans, a line in 2D, a plane in 3D, and a hyperplane in higher dimensions.
Understand how a basis of a subspace uses linearly independent vectors to span the subspace and form a decision surface for classification. The dimension equals the number of basis vectors.
Learn how Gaussian elimination can determine linear independence of vectors, establish a basis and rank, and reach row echelon form through row operations.
Explore the application of Gaussian elimination to solve linear systems, using augmented matrices and row echelon forms, and derive reduced row echelon form to identify unique, infinite, or no solutions.
Explore orthogonal and orthonormal bases, learn how dot products define orthogonality, and compute basis coefficients to express any vector as a linear combination.
Understand orthonormal sets: vectors are orthogonal and of unit magnitude. See how an orthonormal basis spans the vector space and simplifies coordinates via dot products.
Apply Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization to convert a basis into an orthogonal basis and into an ortho normalized basis. Use projections and Gaussian elimination to verify span and independence.
Explore how vectors span 2d and 3d spaces: a single vector forms a line, two vectors form a plane, and three vectors span the space, illustrating hyperplanes and decision boundaries.
Understand linear transformation as a function mapping vectors between vector spaces while preserving addition and scalar multiplication. Explore additivity and homogeneity with matrix examples and identify domain and codomain.
Explore how a linear transformation maps vectors between spaces, defining the image (range) as all outputs and the kernel as vectors mapped to zero, including three dimensionality scenarios.
Demonstrate how a linear transformation, via matrix A, projects vectors from 2d to 1d and from 3d to 2d, illustrating dimensionality reduction in machine learning contexts.
Explore how linear transformation applies to data by normalizing and standardizing features in a dataset, transforming vectors and enabling machine learning solutions.
Explore matrix types—square, rectangular, identity, diagonal, and scalar—and learn matrix operations, transpose, and symmetry, plus homogeneous and non-homogeneous equations and their solutions.
Explore determinants and their role in matrices, solving linear systems, and machine learning, including singular and non-singular matrices, matrix transformations, and detecting redundant features in data.
Compute the inverse of a 2x2 matrix using the adjoint and determinant, and apply the condition ad - bc ≠ 0 to confirm invertibility.
Explore determinants and their applications with Python and NumPy, calculating 2x2 and 3x3 determinants and illustrating matrix transformations. Show how nonzero determinants enable reconstruction through inverses, while zero determinants indicate singular matrices.
Learn how to solve ax=b in machine learning using A's inverse to obtain x (weights) with b as the target. Review invertibility, Moore–Penrose pseudoinverse for non-square A, and L1/L2 regularization.
Explore eigenvectors and eigenvalues of transformation matrices, and learn to compute them with det(A - lambda I) = 0, using Gaussian elimination and Python for data science and machine learning.
Understand similarity transformation and how similar matrices B = P^{-1} A P preserve eigenvalues, determinant, characteristic polynomial, rank, and row and column spaces, while eigenvectors may differ.
Study diagonalization as a similarity transformation using eigenvectors and eigenvalues, with P and diagonal D, see the geometric axis alignment, and apply to machine learning via powers and inverses.
Learn to decompose a square matrix into P D P inverse with eigenvectors and eigenvalues. Explore diagonalization conditions and how top eigenvalues and eigenvectors enable dimensionality reduction.
Explore orthogonal matrices, square matrices with orthonormal columns, and verify properties a a^T = I, a^T a = I, and a^T = a^{-1} via a 3x3 Python example.
Explore the definition of a symmetric matrix and its properties, including orthogonal eigenvectors, real and positive eigenvalues, and spectral decomposition A = P D P^T.
Understand singular value decomposition, a matrix factorization for square and non-square matrices, using left and right singular matrices and sigma, with applications in data analysis and machine learning.
Explore the basics of statistics, including descriptive statistics with graphical and numerical summaries, mean, median, and mode, and understand their role as the foundation for quantitative analysis.
Learn inferential statistics by using samples to infer population properties, explore random sampling, estimation, hypothesis testing, and perform bivariate and multivariate analyses on nominal, ordinal, and interval/ratio variables.
Explore descriptive statistics and the central tendencies, mean, median, and mode. See how outliers influence the mean, and learn about percentiles and quartiles.
Explore measures of dispersion, including range, variance, standard deviation, and mean absolute deviation, and see how they describe data spread using simple calculations and descriptive statistics.
Explore the basics of probability, including events, outcomes, and the sample space, and introduce discrete versus continuous random variables with coin flip examples.
Explore the types of probability functions, focusing on the probability mass function for discrete variables and the probability density function, with a die example and graphical representations.
Explore probability density function (PDF) for plotting the normal distribution, compute probabilities via area under the curve, and examine standard normal, bell curve, and cumulative distribution function properties.
Explore the cumulative distribution function (cdf) and its connection to the pdf, showing how the area under the pdf yields cumulative probabilities, including probability between values and at the mean.
Explore symmetric, positively skewed, and negatively skewed distributions, learn how skewness relates to mean, median, and mode, and examine kurtosis and normal and uniform shapes.
Master box plots with whiskers and violin plots to display data distribution around the median, using the five-number summary and detecting outliers with KDE density.
learn kernel density estimation, a non-parametric method to estimate a continuous variable's distribution using Gaussian kernels and smoothing bandwidth, with cross-validation for optimal h and KDE/CDF plots.
Explore how covariance reveals the direction of relationships between two variables, from positive to negative to zero, and compute it with population and sample formulas and a covariance matrix.
Explore correlation and its coefficient r, linking covariance and standard deviation to show direction and strength. Interpret scatter plots with regression lines and heat maps, distinguishing correlation from causation.
Explore how linear regression uses an independent variable to predict a dependent variable, introduce the regression line and least squares, and compare regression with correlation.
Short Summary about the need and importance of the Course
Linear Algebra is the backbone of Data Science, Machine Learning (ML), and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Understanding its core concepts is essential to grasp the functionality of ML algorithms. However, most courses make this process overwhelming by focusing on complex calculations rather than the practical application you need to understand the working of Machine Learning Algorithms.
How our course is different ?
We’ve designed this Linear Algebra course specifically for aspiring Data Scientists and Machine Learning enthusiasts who want to dive into the essentials without wasting time. In just around 7.5 hours, you’ll master the key concepts required for Machine Learning, with a clear focus on how these concepts apply directly to real-world Machine Learning algorithms. This Course will teach you the geometric intuition and essential computations so that you can think like a Machine Learning Expert.
Please find the Complete Syllabus for the Course below
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 1. Introduction to linear Algebra
Difference between Algebra and Linear Algebra, Definition of Linear Algebra, Linear Equation and System of linear equations with an Example, Attributes and properties of system of linear equation.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 2. Geometric representation of an expression
Geometric visualization of an algebraic expression with an example, Gradient of a straight line, Generalization of an expression geometrically on an N dimensional plane.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 3. Importance of a System of linear Equation
Definition and Goal of System of Linear Equations, General form of system of Linear Equations, representing a dataset in terms of System of linear equations, Applications of system of linear equations in solving a classification and a regression problem with an example of a dataset.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 4. Vector representation of a System of linear equations
Need for vector representation of a system of linear equations while solving a Machine Learning problem, Properties, and advantages of vector representation of a system of linear equations.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 5. Introduction to Vectors for Machine Learning
Scalar, 2-D and 3-D data representation of vectors geometrically, generalization of N-D data into N-dimensional plane.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 6. Vector: Magnitude and Direction
Different types of representation of a Vector, Component form, Row & Column Vector form, Determining the magnitude of a vector, determining direction of a vector using Unit vector.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 7. Application of Magnitude of a Vector
Distance between vectors in a 2-D plane and its generalization onto N-D plane, Euclidian distance between two vectors.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 8. Position and Displacement Vector
Representing the position of a Point, line and a plane using position vector geometrically, Introduction to an Online tool to visualize a vector geometrically, Visualization of a displacement vector with an example.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 9. Addition, Subtraction and Scaling of a Vector
Explanation of Geometric Visualization of Addition, Subtraction and Scaling of two vectors.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 10. Dot Product between two vectors
Types of Vector Multiplications, Need for Dot product between two vectors, Two forms of Dot product, Determining Similarity and Dissimilarity of two vectors using dot product, Difference between component form and polar form of a dot product, Application of dot product between vectors with an example.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 11. Projection of a Vector
Explanation of projection of a Vector, Two types of projection of a Vector, Deriving formula of types of projection of Vectors, Difference between Scalar and Vector projection.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 12. Application of Projection of a Vector
Understanding the need for projection of a Vector while solving a Machine Learning problem with an Example.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 13. Vector Spaces and Subspaces
Definition of Mathematical Structure, Definition of Vector Space, Mathematical definition of Vector Space, Example of a vector space, Mathematical definition of Subspace along with an example.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 14. Feature space and Input feature vector
Geometric visualization of a feature space and Input feature vector, Assumptions of vector space, Simple Application of Vector Addition and Multiplication on a feature space, Mean of a Vector, Linear transformation of a Vector.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 15. Span of Vectors
Mathematical and theoretical definition of Span of Vectors, Geometric intuition of Span of a Vector, Example of Span of a Vector, Geometric intuition and mathematical definition of span of two vectors, dependent and independent vectors, Span of dependent and independent vector.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 16. Linear Independence of vectors
Mathematical definition of linear Independence of vectors, linear combination of vectors, determining linearly independent vectors.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 17. Application of linearly independent vectors
Solving a classification and a regression Machine learning problem using linearly independent vectors, property of dimension of a decision boundary.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 18. Basis of a Subspace
Choosing vectors to form the basis, Definition of basis of a subspace, Dimension of a subspace
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 19. Gaussian Elimination
Basis of a Vector Space, Finding the basis and dimension of Vectors using Gaussian Elimination, Row Echelon form of a Matrix, Rank of a Matrix.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 20. Gaussian Elimination Application
Solving system of Linear Equations using Gaussian Elimination, Augmented Matrix, Reduced Row Echelon form and its properties.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 21. Orthogonal Basis
Orthogonal Set, Orthogonal Vectors, Orthogonal Basis and its definition, formula to represent any vector in terms of Basis vectors with an Example.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 22. Orthonormal Basis
Orthonormal Set, Orthonormal Vectors, Orthonormal Basis, and its definition.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 23. Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization
Need for Orthogonalization, Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization procedure, Determining Orthogonal and Orthonormal Basis using Gram-Schmidt method.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 24. Span Visualization
Span of a Vector on 2-D space, Span of 2 Vectors on a 2-D space, Span of a vector on a 3-D space, Span of 2 vectors on a 3-D space, Span of 3 Vectors on a 3-D space.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 25. Linear Transformation
Definition of Linear Transformation, Domain and Codomain, Properties of linear transformation with examples, Matrix Vector multiplication.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 26. Kernel and Image
Kernel and its Definition, Image and its Definition, Attributes of linear transformation.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 27. Application of Linear Transformation
AX=b as a function, projecting a vector from higher dimensional space onto a lesser dimensional space using linear transformation.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 28. Application of Linear Transformation in ML
Methods of linear transformation, Normalization and Standardization of features, Demonstration of Normalization and Standardization using a Python code, Non-linear Transformation.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 29. Types of Matrix and Matrix Equations
Types of Matrix for solving ML problems, Types of Matrix equations, Homogeneous equation and its properties, Non Homogeneous equation and its properties, Consistent and Inconsistent solution, Example of Non trivial solution AX=0.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 30. Determinant and its Application
Definition of Determinant, determining the determinant of a matrix, Singular and Non-Singular matrix, Matrix transformation and its properties, five different applications of determinants in ML.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 31. Inverse of a Matrix
Definition of Inverse of a matrix, Invertible and Non-Invertible matrix with an example.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 32. Determinants II
Demonstration of five applications of Determinant of a matrix using a Python Code.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 33. Inverse of a Matrix II
Application of Inverse of a matrix in Machine Learning, Rules for invertibility of matrix, Hurdles to determine the invertibility of a matrix in Machine Learning, Methods to overcome the hurdles.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 34. Eigen vector and Eigen value
Definition of Eigen vector and Eigen value, Example of Eigen vector, Procedure to calculate Eigen vector and Eigen value, Determining Eigen Vector and Eigen Value using a Python Code.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 35. Similar Matrix and Similarity transformation
Transformation matrix, Similar matrix, Similarity Transformation, Similarity matrix, Properties of Similar matrix.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 36. Diagonalization of a Matrix
Derivation of formula for Diagonalization of a Matrix, Geometric intuition of Diagonalization of a Matrix, Definition of Diagonalization of a matrix, Application of diagonalization of a matrix in Machine Learning.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 37. Eigen Decomposition
Definition and derivation of Eigen decomposition of a matrix, Rules to perform eigen decomposition, Algebraic and geometric multiplicity, Application of Eigen decomposition in Machine Learning.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 38. Orthogonal Matrix
Definition of Orthogonal matrix, Properties of Orthogonal Matrix, Demonstration of properties of an Orthogonal matrix using a Python code.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 39. Symmetric Matrix
Definition of Symmetric matrix, Properties of Symmetric matrix.
Linear Algebra for Machine Learning: 40. Singular Value Decomposition
Definition of Singular value decomposition, Derivation of SVD along with its geometric intuition, Determining the matrices to perform SVD, Properties of SVD, Application of SVD in Machine Learning.
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