Learn Python from Basics to Production

Learn how to slice strings in Python using start and end indices; start is inclusive and end is exclusive. Use defaults to zero or to the string length.

Explore advanced string slicing in Python, using start, stop, and step to control selection, reverse strings with negative steps, and understand optional values in slicing.

Learn how to combine multiple conditions in Python using and and or operators in if statements, including comparisons such as greater than zero.

Explore efficient conditionals in Python by comparing values, using if-else logic, and mastering one-line conditionals for compact, readable code.

Learn python from basics to production by building an email validator, writing and storing each condition, checking for an @ symbol and length, and using variables to track indices.

Create a date checker that validates a user entered date by extracting day, month, and year from a string using slicing, type casting, and conditional logic to enforce valid ranges.

Explore zero-based indexing on lists, using indices from zero to length minus one and negative indices to count from the end, including nested lists.

Explore how lists are mutable in Python, showing how you can replace, add, or change elements by index. Compare with strings, which are immutable, highlighting how lists differ in mutability.

Learn how the append function adds a value to the end of a list. See how pop removes the last element and returns it, even when the list becomes empty.

Explore the list insert function to add data at a chosen position, including at the beginning (index zero), and use remove to delete a value by its first occurrence.

Explore the difference between shallow copy and deep copy for lists, including slicing, especially with nested lists, and learn why deep copy prevents changes from affecting the original.

Learn to use split to convert csv strings into lists by delimiter, and join to fuse lists back into strings, with examples of comma and space separators.

Learn to calculate the average, minimum, and maximum of a list in Python by summing elements, dividing by the list length, and using min and max functions.

Compare the Python list.sort() and sorted() functions to sort data: sort mutates the original list in place, supports reverse for ascending or descending order, while sorted returns a new list.

Learn to build a simple rock paper scissors game in Python, where users set rounds, input choices, and the computer randomly picks moves using if conditions and indexing.

Learn how while loops repeat actions while a condition holds, with examples printing 1 to 100 and even numbers. Increment the counter and write concise, efficient looping code from zero.

Explore list comprehensions in Python to replace loops, generating squares like 0, 1, 4, 9, 16, and build a list of even numbers from 0 to 10 multiplied by three.

Learn to read files with the open function in read mode, use read to obtain a string, print it, and interpret first line as a header for names and ages.

Store data read from a file as a list of name and value pairs, print the final data, and sort it using a lambda key to enable flexible data manipulation.

Learn to check file existence with the exists function before reading, preventing file not found errors, and use dynamic input for filenames in Python.

Learn how dictionaries, or maps, provide constant-time lookups by key and how to add new values using a key-value pair inside curly braces.

Learn how to use dictionary functions in Python, including keys, values, and items, to retrieve keys, values, and key-value pairs, and convert them into lists for easy manipulation.

Learn to build a simple user system with a Python dictionary, creating new users and validating passwords for authentication. Explore name checks and authentication workflow.

Map user choices to functions using a dictionary to build a Python menu-driven program, execute the selected function, and handle missing keys gracefully.

Count character frequency in a string using a dictionary. Iterate through data, update each character's count, and use string.count() to fetch frequencies.

Explore dictionary comprehensions in Python by counting character occurrences in a string, building key-value pairs for each letter, and mapping a data stream to a dictionary.

Define a function to process data, pass values as arguments, and call it repeatedly; observe that parameters become local variables and you can pass multiple values to print the sum.

Learn how returning data from functions keeps code predictable by avoiding printing inside a function; use return values, store sums in a variable, and write single-task functions in Python.

Write a function that returns the sum of a number's digits by converting the number to a string and adding each digit. Then use the returned sum, optionally squared.

Learn how optional arguments in Python functions work, including default start and end values, using range with inclusive ends, and calling with keyword arguments to omit positional order.

Explore Python namespaces and function scope by examining how inner functions access outer variables, how nested functions interact with arguments, and the scope hierarchy from basics to production.

Explore how functions act as first-class citizens by passing, storing, and calling them as arguments, and implement decorators that wrap and transform other functions.

Learn how to add member functions to Python classes, using self, and manage object properties across instances, print data via methods, and see how changes affect all class objects.

Learn how to define a Python class with an __init__ method that collects name, password, and initial amount, uses private attributes, and initializes a transaction history within the project.