Learn Microprocessor From Basic to Advanced

this lecture covers the basics of computer architecture, highlighting the cpu, memory, and input/output as core components. it explains the fetch–decode–execute cycle and how commands move from memory to output.

Basics of computer architecture topics including the system bus, data bus, address bus, control bus, memory and i/o devices, bidirectional data transfer, and interrupt signaling.

learn how the processor, the computer's main control unit, executes tasks through the fetch–decode–execute cycle, driven by the control unit and the automatic and logical unit, with sequential flow.

Explore how primary and secondary memory store data and how read and write operations transfer data, with system clock synchronization and memory read/write cycles.

This lecture introduces the Intel 8085 microprocessor, its 40 pins and 5-volt power, 3 mhz clock, and the three-part architecture: ALU, timing and control unit, and registers.

Explore the block diagram of the Intel 8085 microprocessor, detailing the accumulator, temporary register, instruction decoder, timing and control unit, data and address buses, and interrupt control.

Explore the 8085 registers, including the accumulator and six general-purpose registers, the sixteen-bit program counter, reset types, and the five flag flip-flops that indicate post-operation status.

Understand the accumulator, register a, which holds one value, stores the result during arithmetic or logical operations, and uses memory or general purpose registers for the second value.

Learn how the program counter, a 16-bit register, holds next instruction address and increments to fetch it, while the stack pointer manages a LIFO stack for accumulator, flags, and registers.

Explore the microprocessor's instruction register and temporary registers, then understand the five status flags: carry, parity, auxiliary carry, zero, and sign, used to indicate arithmetic results.

Explains how the 8085 microprocessor sets the five flags: sign, zero, auxiliary carry, parity, and carry through an 8-bit addition example and flag status analysis.

Analyze the 8085 pin diagram, including a8–a15 address pins, ad0–ad7 multiplexed address/data pins, ale latch enable, and m/io and wr signals along with s1/s0 status bits.

This lecture covers the 8085 pin diagram part 2, detailing low-active read and write pins, the ready and hold pins, and the interrupt lines.

Explore 8085 pin configuration, detailing interrupt input pins with programmable masks and priority, reset input and output, clock pins X1/X2 with external oscillator, and data paths to the 7-bit accumulator.

Learn the 8051 instruction set and its five groups—data transfer, arithmetic, logical, branch control, and I/O and machine control—and how data moves, operations execute, and jumps occur.

Explore direct, register, register indirect, and immediate addressing modes, plus implicit addressing, and learn how each mode directs data and operands in instructions, including the accumulator and memory locations.

Explore the data transfer group in microprocessors by learning move instructions, memory-to-register transfers, and addressing modes: immediate, direct, indirect, and extended, along with their machine cycles.

explores arithmetic group operations in microprocessors, showing how the accumulator updates with memory or immediate data via adc and lda instructions, using direct and immediate addressing.

Explore subtraction instructions for microprocessors, including accumulator minus register, memory, and immediate data, with addressing modes, machine cycles, and decimal conversion after arithmetic.

Explore how the instruction cycle combines fetch and execute steps, how the program counter points to memory, and how memory delays can create wait cycles during processing.

Explore the instruction cycle, detailing fetch, decode, and execute phases, data transfer to registers, and how memory and the decoder sequence operations.

Explain machine cycle with clock diagram, define a machine as steps to perform memory and input output operations, and show how an instruction cycle includes multiple machine cycles and states.

Explore how a microprocessor fetches binary instruction and data from memory using the program counter, routes data via memory read control signals, and decodes to execute the next instruction.

Explore the timing diagram for microprocessor operations, detailing how a machine cycle unfolds from clock signals through code fetch, memory access, and input/output phases.

Explore timing diagrams of a microprocessor’s memory access, highlighting memory vs IO selection, fetch operation with S1, and how the address/data bus and address latch manage 16-bit memory addresses.

Explore how a timing diagram shows bus activity, memory read cycles, and data transfer across T2 to T4, with decoding at T4.

Presents the memory read timing diagram, showing io/m bar low to select memory, the address bus loads the address, memory provides data on the data bus for the cpu.

Learn how to design a timing diagram for loading data into the MVI register, detailing clock signals, memory access, address generation (PCL and PCH), and data transfer.

Explore the timing diagram for input/output read cycles, showing how a microprocessor reads data from input/output devices into the accumulator, with the I/O read signal distinguishing IO from memory reads.

Explore the timing diagram of memory write and i/o write cycles, including the clock signal, low-active write signals, and the flow of address and data in the memory lifecycle.

The lecture introduces assembly language programming for the Intel 8085. It explains assemblers, one-pass versus two-pass approaches, and label-based address assignment with forward references.

Master essential Intel 8085 programming concepts, including loading data into registers, moving data between registers, and loading memory content into the accumulator to control execution.

Continue the 8085 programming review by demonstrating memory-to-register transfers, loading from memory addresses, and incrementing and storing results with move and INR across fc50 addresses.

This lecture demonstrates two Intel 8085 programs: add memory contents at 2301 and 2302 with the result in 2303, then subtract 2501 from the accumulator and save to 2503.

This 8085 lecture demonstrates an addition with carry, saving intermediate results in memory addresses 2501 through 2504, using a carry flag, and conditional jumps to handle carry flow.

Learn to perform decimal addition of two 8-bit numbers on the Intel 8085, handling operands and the 16-bit result across memory locations 2501 to 2504 using the decimal adjust instruction.

Learn how the decimal adjust for addition (DAA) works on 8085 microprocessors, correcting decimal results after addition by adding 6 when needed, and handling carry and auxiliary carry scenarios.

Learn how to add two 16-bit numbers on a microcontroller by reading inputs from memory addresses 2501-2504, performing addition, and storing the 16-bit result across 2505-2507.

Demonstrating decimal subtraction in assembly, the lecture shows how to load the second number's address, compute its ten's complement, and combine with the first number to obtain the result.

Learn to compute the ones complement in a microprocessor using CMA, transferring numbers from memory addresses 2501–2504, and storing results in 2503 and 2504.

Learn to compute two's complement and one's complement, then implement the process in a microcontroller program using assembly-like steps and memory locations.

Implement a one-bit left shift of a number on the 8085 by loading from 2501, doubling via addition, and storing the result to 2502; follow the four-step program logic.