
N1 は N2 です。
N1 is N2.
N1 は N2 では(じゃ)ありません。
N1 is not N2.
N1 は N2 ですか。
Is N1 N2?
N1 は N2 でした。
N1 was N2.
N1 は N2 ではありませんでした。
N1 was not N2.
N1 はN3 です。 N2もN3です。
N1 is N3. N2 is N3, too.
しゅごの しょうりゃく
Omission of the subject
ね
isn't it
この/その/あの
This/that/that+ N
これ/それ/あれ
This/that/that
家族(かぞく)の呼(よ)び方(かた)
How to say family member names
数字(すうじ)の数(かぞ)え方(かた)[1]
Numbers[1]
人数(にんずう)の数(かぞ)え方(かた)
How to count people
ここ/そこ/あそこ/こちら/そちら/あちら
Here, there, over there
こ/そ/あ/ど言葉(ことば)
こ、そ、あ、ど words
N は P です。
Something/somebody is somewhere
N が あります/います
There is/ There are
P に N が あります/います
There is something or somebody somewhere.
N は P に あります/います
Something/somebody is somewhere.
数字(すうじ)の数(かぞ)え方(かた)[2]
Numbers[2]
時間(じかん)の言(い)い方(かた)
How to tell time
年月日(ねんがっぴ)の言(い)い方(かた)
How to say the dates
期間(きかん)の言(い)い方(かた)
How to say periods of time
…から…まで from… to …
From… to …
…か、…か
Is it... or ...?
いつ
When
動詞(どうし)(Verb)の種類(しゅるい)
Types of verbs
動詞(どうし)(Verb) の フォーム
Forms of verbs
辞書形(じしょけい)
Dictionary form
ます形(けい)
ます‐form
P へ V
…to somewhere
N (time) に V
It indicates the time of occurrence of an action
を の使(つか)い方(かた)
It indicates an action.
ない形(けい)
ない-form
て形(けい)
て- form
た形(けい)
た-form
N (Method) で V
It indicates a means or method.
N(Place) で V
It indicates the place which an action occurs.
どうやって
How to…
N(Place) に V
… to somewhere
V [ます-form] ませんか。
Shall we…?/Would you like…?
V [ます-form] ましょう。
Let's…
V [ます-form] ましょうか。
Shall I…?/Shall we…?
V[て-form] も いいです。
You can do….
V[て-form]はいけません。
You must not do….
V [て-form] います。
To show a state
V1 [て-form] 、V2 [て-form] …
Use the て-form when you refer to a number of actions consecutively.
形容詞(けいようし)の種類(しゅるい)
Types of adjectives
い形容詞(けいようし)の形(かたち)
Forms of い-adj
N は い-adj です。
N is ~.
い-adj N です。
It is ~ N.
N は どうですか。
How is...?/How do you think...?
Nは い-adj くて
It is …, and …
Nは い-adjく V
Using い-adj to describe verbs
~が、~
…,but…
N が ~。
N is…/N does
な形容詞(けいようし)の形(かたち)
Forms of な-adj
N は な-adj です。
N is~. Is N ~?
な-adj N です。
It is ~ N.
N1は どんなN2 ですか。
What sort of N2 is N1?
N は な-adj で
It is(was) …, and …
N は な-adjに V
Using な-adj to describe verbs
~から、~
Because…,…
よ
Particle at the end of a sentence used to indicate certainty, emphasis, etc.
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