
Explore mac addresses, 48-bit layer 2 identifiers that uniquely encode manufacturer and network interface cards in hexadecimal, used by Ethernet frames and layer 2 switches.
Layer 2 switching learns source MAC addresses to build the MAC address (CAM) table, floods unknown destinations to all ports, and uses VLANs to isolate MAC entries with aging timers.
Explore how binary digits compose IPv4 addresses and subnets, convert decimal values to binary, and understand why IP addresses—split into four octets—enable network communication.
Explore how ARP maps IP addresses to MAC addresses using broadcast requests and replies, populate ARP tables, and enable gateway routing on local networks.
Firewalls enforce security boundaries between inside networks and untrusted zones, using acl rules, dmz, nat, and stateful inspection to control traffic and enable vpn access.
Identify the three IP address classes—Class A, Class B, and Class C—and determine their ranges using examples like 10.0.0.0, 172.16.0.0, and 192.168.0.0.
Learn subnetting to divide an IP network into multiple subnets, borrowing host bits and using classful ranges with the 2^n and 2^h-2 formulas to size subnets and hosts.
Explore variable length subnet masking (vlsm) to design efficient subnets from a 10.0.0.0/16 network, creating two 100-host networks and three 60-host networks with /25 and /26 masks.
Explore layer one troubleshooting by verifying interface status to up-up, matching speed and duplex, and monitoring drops, crc errors, and collisions using show interface and tdr cable diagnostics.
Learn how port security on switches controls learned MAC addresses to prevent unauthorized devices, using dynamic or static entries and sticky MAC addresses to protect cameras and other devices.
Explore how routing decisions use the longest prefix match, administrative distance, and routing metric to select the best path, with hands-on lab traces and static vs dynamic route comparisons.
Learn to configure and verify router and switch interfaces, including speed and duplex negotiation, admin down or no shutdown, and distinguishing layer 2 and layer 3 ports, with show commands.
Learn how a router on a stick uses a single physical interface with logical subinterfaces and VLAN tagging to route between multiple networks via a trunk.
Learn how NAT conserves public IPs using dynamic NAT pools, port address translation, and static NAT, with inside/outside interfaces and port forwarding.
Explore Cisco licensing concepts from image-based features to right-to-use licensing, and learn to generate, install, and verify license files using the device UDI and PAC numbers.
Configure local authentication on vty lines using locally stored user accounts with privilege 15, secret, and enable password, then enable aaa new-model for authentication, authorization, and accounting.
Master these topics
Network Fundamentals
LAN Switching Fundamentals
Routing Fundamentals
Infrastructure Services
Infrastructure Maintenance
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