HVAC controls and Automation system

Explore hvac controls and automation, focusing on automatic control for central air conditioning to maintain stability during extreme temperatures.

Explore the four hvac control parameters—temperature, humidity, pressure, and ventilation—and how a complete system maintains comfortable indoor conditions while interlocking with fire protection and smoke removal.

Explore control strategies for HVAC systems, from cycling and short-cycling to modulating and proportional control, including multi-unit baseload sequencing for efficiency and comfort.

Identify where hvac controls are required: main mechanical room, secondary equipment room, and rooftops, to manage chillers, boilers, heat exchangers, pumps, and air handling units for temperature and humidity.

Control systems maintain thermal comfort and optimize indoor air quality by monitoring temperature and relative humidity. They reduce energy use, lower manpower costs, and enable performance monitoring for proactive maintenance.

Learn how HVAC control uses sensors and devices to start, stop, and regulate cooling, collect temperature and humidity data, define comfort measures, and process data to save energy.

Explore four elements of HVAC control system—sensor, controller, control devices, and energy source—and see how sensors measure temperature and humidity, how the controller processes input, and how energy powers system.

Examine control theory: open loop (no feedback) versus closed loop, with a microwave oven timer switching the heating element on and off to reach a target temperature.

Explore closed-loop hvac control with sensors, controllers, and actuators modulating hot water flow to maintain room temperature via thermostat feedback.

Explore the types of sensors used in hvac controls, including digital and analog inputs, and learn how temperature sensors, thermocouples, RTDs, and thermostats regulate room and system temperatures.

Explore how humidity sensors measure moisture and control indoor humidity, and examine pressure and indoor air quality sensors for building energy efficiency and healthy air, with AQI.

The central air conditioning system uses a compressor to pressurize refrigerant, which releases heat in the condenser and absorbs heat in the evaporator to deliver chilled water for cooling.

Explore chiller control system, including 32 t2 temperature sensor for water supply, interlocked control wells with one inlet and two outlets, and a variable frequency drive that controls cooling.

Explain the electric control of a fan coil unit with a room air thermostat and single-pole double-throw switch; hot water heats, cold water cools.

Learn how a fan coil unit uses a control valve and a pneumatic thermostat to switch between heating and cooling modes as the thermostat shifts between direct and reverse acting.

Explore a three-pipe fan coil system with cold and hot water supplies and a return line, featuring automated valve control and thermostat-linked D1 and V1 for cooling and heating.

Coordinate the air handling unit control system using the outdoor air damper, fan starter, and temperature sensors, with interlocks that adjust chilled and hot water flow to regulate heat.

Explore air handling unit control interlocks, humidity management, and steam humidifier operation, including D1/D2 sensor interactions, three-way valves, hot water supply, and humidity-based activation.

Explore how AHU cooling and heating coils use temperature sensors and interlocked water flow with control valves to switch between cooling and heating.

Explore a chilled and hot water hvac control system that uses a pump, three-way valve, chiller, and heater to route water for cooling or heating.

Describe a three-pipe supply system for hvac with hot and cold water, a pump, and control valves and temperature sensors that route water to chillers and multiple branches.