
Explore electromyography (EMG) to visualize muscle electrical activity during contraction, and understand how increasing grip force recruits more motor units, raising EMG amplitude.
Discover how the neuroendocrine system maintains homeostasis by coordinating the nervous and endocrine systems, including central and peripheral nervous systems, with rapid responses and slow hormonal regulation.
Explore the thyroid and parathyroid glands, calcium regulation, pancreas islets of Langerhans, adrenal glands, ovaries, testes, thymus, pituitary (anterior and posterior), and pineal gland in the endocrine system.
Explore neuron anatomy, including dendrites, soma, nucleus, axon, axon hillock, and how Schwann cells form the myelin sheath and nodes of Rojava speed transmission to target tissue.
Explore the peripheral nervous system, covering 12 cranial nerves and 31 spinal nerves, their sensory, motor, and mixed functions, plus the cranial nerve mnemonic and nerve plexuses.
Explore the human brain from a lateral view, detailing the cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem, and ventricles. Identify lobes, fissures, sulci, gyri, and major structures like the corpus callosum and thalamus.
The dura mater forms the outer protective layer of the cerebral meninges, surrounding the brain and spinal cord and defining subdural and subarachnoid spaces.
Examine a dissected sheep brain, naming cerebrum, cerebellum, spinal cord, and lobes, plus choroid plexus, ventricles, septum pellucidum, corpus callosum, thalamus, and hypothalamus.
Explore the human eye anatomy, including eye muscles (rectus and oblique), lacrimal gland, cornea, sclera, iris, pupil, retina, choroid, anterior and posterior cavities, and the optic nerve.
Demonstrates cow eye dissection, detailing the cornea, sclera, pupil, and iris, then the anterior cavity, lens, and vitreous humor, and finally the retina, fovea centralis, choroid, and optic nerve.
Explore the external ear, tympanic membrane, middle ear bones, inner ear structures, organ of Corti, and auditory tube, and see how sound waves trigger hair cells and the auditory nerve.
Examine the tongue model to locate the epithelium, taste buds, and the dorsal surface. Learn about two types of papillae and their bumps distributed across the tongue.
Identify the heart's four chambers and major vessels from the anterior view, including the aorta, pulmonary trunk, superior vena cava, and coronary arteries and veins.
Explore the coronary circulation by tracing the right and left arteries and branches such as circumflex and anterior ventricular arteries, the great cardiac vein, coronary sinus, and posterior ventricular sulcus.
The sheep heart dissection model reveals left and right atria and ventricles, with the tricuspid and bicuspid valves, papillary muscles, anterior interventricular septum, aortic valve, and epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium.
Visualizes the cardiovascular system from an anterior view, detailing the heart, arteries and veins, the aorta, pulmonary trunk and pulmonary veins, and the ligament arteriosum.
Examine the major arteries and veins, including the aorta and its branches, carotid and subclavian pathways, iliac, femoral, and brachial vessels, heart chambers, vena cavae, and the greater omentum.
Identify the three major branches of the abdominal aorta—the celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, and inferior mesenteric artery—across the anterior view.
Explore the gonadal arteries and veins along the abdominal aorta, with gonadal arteries in red and gonadal veins in blue, near the celiac trunk and common iliac arteries.
Formed elements include erythrocytes, platelets, and white blood cells; red blood cells lack nuclei and carry oxygen and nutrients, while neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes defend.
Explore circle of Willis, brain's circulation, from vertebral arteries merging into basilar artery to internal carotid arteries feeding posterior, middle, and anterior cerebral arteries via posterior and anterior communicating arteries.
Discover how hepatic portal circulation shunts blood from the digestive organs to the liver for metabolism and detoxification, then returns to the heart via the inferior vena cava.
Explore the lymphatic system and its role in defense, identifying cervical, axillary, and inguinal lymph nodes and tracing drainage via the thoracic duct to the left and right ducts.
Explore how the electrocardiogram records the heart's electrical activity, including the P wave, QRS complex, and T wave, and relate atrial depolarization, ventricular depolarization, systole, and diastole.
Explore hands-on blood typing using antigen-specific antiserum in A, B, and RH wells to reveal agglutination and determine blood type as plus or minus based on surface antigens.
Explore the upper respiratory system—from the external nose and nasal cavity with superior, middle, and inferior conchae to the trachea and lungs, plus the pharynx and frontal and venous sinuses.
Explore the airway anatomy from the larynx and trachea to the lungs, detailing hyoid bone, thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage, bronchial branching, lung lobes, and fissures.
Explore the larynx anatomy, focusing on the hyoid bone, thyroid cartilage, trachea, epiglottis, and nearby thyroid gland, and how the epiglottis closes to protect the lungs.
Explore spirometry to measure respiratory volume and assess lung function, using a device referred to as a barometer, and analyze variables observed in lab experiments.
Trace the digestive system from oral cavity to esophagus, stomach, duodenum, ileum, and large intestine, with spleen, liver, and pancreas, and features like the ileocecal valve.
Explore how the pharynx serves both respiratory and digestive systems, with nasopharynx and oropharynx sections, and identify the salivary glands parotid, submandibular, and sublingual and their ducts.
Explore the stomach anatomy: fundus, body, and the ruga for expansion, with the lesser and greater curvatures and the pyloric sphincter and cardioesophageal sphincter.
Explore the wall of the small intestine, large intestine, and stomach from the outermost layer through submucosa and mucosa to the lumen, noting longitudinal and circular muscle layers.
Explore the liver as a digestive system organ from an inferior view. Identify left and right lobes, ligaments, and bile duct system—gallbladder, cystic duct, hepatic duct, and common bile duct.
Explore the stomach, pancreas, duodenum, and gallbladder, detailing bile duct formation and entry into the duodenum via the papilla. Identify pancreatic ducts.
Explore the urinary tract anatomy, focusing on the kidney's nephrons and renal corpuscle, including afferent and efferent arterioles, renal hilum, and the path from ureter to bladder.
Explore kidney anatomy from renal capsule to pelvis and ureter, then the nephron from renal corpuscle and Bowman's capsule to proximal tubule, loop of Henle, and distal tubule.
Explore the urinary bladder's internal structures, including rugae that accommodate fluid, the trigone at the urethral entry, the prostatic urethra, and the urethral orifice where urine exits.
Trace the male reproductive system from testes and scrotum through epididymis, vas deferens, and ejaculatory duct to the urethra and penis, noting prostate, seminal vesicles, and erectile bodies.
Explore the female reproductive system in a mid sagittal view, detailing the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, ligaments, and the menstrual cycle from primordial follicles to corpus luteum and corpus albicans.
Explore the human breast anatomy, including skin adipose tissue and pectoralis major, the areola and nipple, mammary gland lobes, and milk-duct pathways to the nipple.
This course is part 2 of the Human Anatomy and Physiology Course.
Students will learn about all of the major body systems, and they will also be introduced to other topics such as human skeletal muscles, nervous system, special senses, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, and reproductive systems.
To really grasp the human body, you need to do more than just memorize the names of its parts and how they’re organized. You also need to understand how they work together as one and learn how your body works differently from other organisms. The human body works as one incredible machine. It’s amazing to think about how the trillions of cells in our bodies function together to make every move, every breath, and every heartbeat possible. In this course on human anatomy and physiology, you’ll explore how different body parts work together to perform functions.
There are 7 units in this course that cover these areas.
Unit 1 is about "The Skeletal Muscles physiology and Neuroendocrine system".
Unit 2 focuses on "The Central Nervous System"
Unit 3 focuses on "The Anatomy and Function of Special Senses".
Unit 4 focuses on "The Anatomy of Circulatory System".
Unit 5 focuses on "The Physiology of Circulatory System".
Unit 6 focuses on "The Respiratory and Digestive System".
Unit 7 focuses on "The Urinary and Reproductive System".
Those who are interested in learning about the anatomy and physiology of the human body would benefit from this course, including allied health programs such as nursing, physical therapy, pre-chiropractic, and pre-medicine. It's a level 200 college course and High school students taking an Advanced Placement course in Anatomy and Physiology should find this one useful as well. It’s a stand-alone course, but it also functions as a supporting course. It’s a great review course, too. This course lays out the material in a straightforward manner, including critical points in the text. And this course is a time saver for students because provides already labeled structures of the lab models which are difficult to find in the lab.