
Should clarify that the example of De Grey is not planar in the technical sense of the word but rather what's known as a unit distance graph.
The Moser Spindle graph in the resources download is an example that cannot be 3-coloured.
A hexagon tiling of the plane with hexagons of diameter close to 1 but not bigger will give a 7-colouring.
Improvements scheduled per student: suggestions welcome, gtm1 lecture description has some improvements within, same with pst14, add picture of moser spindle, picture of 7 colouring, graph colouring topics,
Add exercise solution/discussion GTM 6,7
Add email correspondence.
The first 4 week schedule should suffice for most introductory courses on graph theory.
First week cover the PST14 lectures (first 4).
Do some exercises if you have time (start on ex1 and 2 from GTM ch1).
Second week cover GTM Ch1 Euler trails. Do exercises 1 and 2.
Third week present solutions to 1 and 2 and watch presentation on Traveling Salesman problem. NP vs P. Define Hamiltonian cycle and state Theorem 9.
Fourth week prove Theorem 9 about Hamiltonian cycles. Do more exercises from Ch1.
If you have more time say a school term or semester keep going with exercises.
Week 7 state kuatowski and planar graph results. Week 8 prove planar graph results.
From here many options are possible depending on the direction one wants to go: Colouring, Chromatic polynomials etc piques interest for us, there are also
Gives an example of how a student can read the material for themselves and think critically about what is presented.
It should take about 2 weeks to complete this section, varied depending on dedication.
Improvements: Add PST videos, add PST scan, add a handful of problems and solutions,
Examine trees as connected graphs with no cycles, prove E equals V minus one, and apply induction and degree-one vertices to analyze connected components and cycles.
Explain bipartite graphs and complete bipartite graphs, demonstrate two-coloring of black and white vertex sets to yield bipartiteness, and model friends and enemies with red and blue edges.
Graduate Texts in Mathematics Graph Theory Chapter 1 is used to consolidate the material of the last section more rigorously. We find many easily corrected mistakes when examining it in the level of detail that we are. Students are encouraged to think critically.
Schedule: 1 week for presentation plus 2 weeks for exercises minimum.
Improvements: Add scan of ch1, add video esp Euler, SA4, add Ex1 et al, solution,
Demonstrate that a graph is bipartite iff it contains no odd cycle; color vertices by parity of distance from a fixed vertex, extending to each component.
Note that an edge loop should contribute 2 to the degree not 1.
Explore the travelling salesman problem on a complete graph with edge costs, aiming for a Hamiltonian cycle that visits every city once with cost; it's NP-complete and exponential to solve.
Girth defined, subdivisions defined, size defined. Bound on edges of planar graphs stated. Planar graphs characterised. Kuratowski-Frink-Smith-Pontriyagin Theorem.
Learn how planar graphs with at least three vertices bound edges by girth-driven counting, introducing faces, bridges, and the smallest cycle to prove a 3n−6 bound.
Choose at least one from each range of exercises in GTM ch1:
4-8
12-13
18
23-26
28-31
Explore when a graph is a tree by examining connectedness, cycles, loops, and degree sums; identify the necessity of forbidding cycles or disconnections, with small counterexamples.
Graphs are very simple mathematical objects that can model basically every problem in combinatorics, and as such one can rapidly go from what is well known to what is unknown with just a few more definitions. Discover with me the beauty of this topic.
This is part of the syllabus for maths olympians in high school. Also discrete maths in undergraduate university.