Get Ready for the CCNA Exam

Practice test sets for the CCNA exam cover OSI model layers, switching and routing devices, MAC addressing (48 bits), data link basics, and star topologies.

Learn IPv4 addressing fundamentals, including four octets, 32-bit addresses, public and private ranges, loopback and broadcast addresses, and subnet mask roles.

Learn how spanning tree protocol prevents loops in a multi-switch network and how 802.1Q tagging, native VLAN, and access versus trunk ports separate data and voice VLANs.

Configure vlan 10 and vlan 20 across switch1 and switch2 using access ports for pc connectivity, verify with show commands, and establish 802.1q trunking with a native vlan.

Learn how OSPF, an open standard link-state protocol, uses cost metrics and the SPF (Dijkstra) algorithm to converge quickly, with area 0 backbone, DR/BDR roles, router IDs, and topology-change updates.

Explore EIGRP, a Cisco advanced distance vector hybrid interior gateway routing protocol that exchanges routing information within an autonomous system using multicast updates for fast convergence and flexible route balancing.

Explore RIP, a distance vector routing protocol that uses hop count as its metric. Learn about the 15-hop maximum, 255 unreachable value, and the default administrative distance of 120.

Learn how BGP functions as a path vector interdomain routing protocol between autonomous systems, using AS path attributes, TCP port 179, and iBGP distance of 200.

Explore static routing concepts, including default administrative distance, ip route commands, and show ip route, while understanding next-hop failures, routing table implications, and manual configuration limits.

learn how static routes enable manual and predictable routing. use ip route to define destination, subnet mask, and next hop or exit interface across two networks, then verify with ping.