
Explore geology and geomorphology to understand rocks, minerals, deposits, and earth surfaces. Study soils, water, climate, hydrology, and how changes drive erosion, global warming, and water quality.
Explore how the hot inner earth fuels crystal caves like la cueva de los cristales, where gypsum crystals form under extreme heat and humidity, revealing geology's role in civilization.
Explore global tectonics and geomorphology, examining plate tectonics, continental drift, and supercontinents like Pangea and Rodinia, while linking mantle convection and ocean-floor spreading to mountains and basins.
Explore continental landscapes of relief, including mountains, plateaus, depressions, valleys, and plains, formed by tectonic convergence, erosion, and sediment deposition.
Explore soil formation through weathering and pedogenesis, linking chemical and physical processes to horizons, texture, color, and the global distribution of latosols and oxisols in tropical regions.
Geoscience teaches soil erosion control through conservation practices and barriers perpendicular to runoff, with linear erosion techniques, coastal vegetation strategies, and urban drainage to prevent gullies.
this lecture shows how humans have become a planetary force through a mud volcano triggered by gas drilling, and farming's rise links to atmospheric greenhouse gases.
Explore the human endurance and sea exploration of Antarctica through Shackleton's voyage, Endurance ship, and polar expeditions, highlighting isolation, navigation, meteorology, and survival challenges.
Explore hydrology of rivers and drainage basins, examining geomorphology concepts, river sinuosity, bed types, flood levels, natural flow, groundwater, and major aquifers such as Guarani.
Explore global water demand and quality, examining per-capita withdrawals, regional disparities (North America, Central Asia, South Asia), groundwater's role for domestic use, and pollution threats from microplastics and pharmaceuticals.
Explore how the United Nations conference on climate change coordinates measures under Kyoto Protocol, including the Clean Development Mechanism, carbon sinks, forest conservation, carbon sequestration, and financing for developing countries.
Examine how droughts and floods cause massive losses and affect millions, as climate change heightens extreme risks and necessitates cross-sector climate risk management and vector-borne disease control.
Dear English speaking student, this class is in Portuguese, but the main ideas are written in English with sentences as subtitles. You don't need to turn on the caption to view the English sentences.
Read carefully the main ideas mentioned in the lesson:
1. Until the 18th century, firewood was the main fuel
2. Coal became the main source of energy after the First Industrial Revolution
3. Oil surpassed coal, especially with the invention of the gasoline-powered automobile
4. In the 1960s, a group of oil-producing countries set the international price
5. The United States, despite being dependent on oil from the Middle East, has become the largest producer
6. Nuclear energy, despite the accidents that occurred in Chernobyl and Fukushima, is considered a clean energy with greater safety with technological innovation
7. Nuclear fusion, although very expensive, will be the main source to generate energy in the future
8. Brazil is a country with an energy matrix dependent on hydroelectric plants, with a nuclear power plant located close to large urban centers
9. Electric cars will change the need for more energy in the near future
In this course we present the contents on: the dimensions of the planet Earth, in 30 classes. The structures of crust, mantle and core. The elements of the earth's crust. The definitions of minerals, rocks and ores. Mineralogy. The characteristics and types of minerals. Petrology and the origins of rocks. The magmatic, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. Ores and mineral deposits. Theories about the formation of the Earth's crust. Alfred Wegener's Continental Drift. Tectonic plates and theories about the expansion of the oceanic crust. The great forms of earthly relief. The mountains. The plateaus. The depressions and the plains. Watershed. The soil conservation. The deforestation and human action on the slopes. The forms of soil erosion. Pedology and soil formation. Physical weathering in the desert and cold regions. The chemical weathering in equatorial and tropical regions. The pedogenesis the endopedic fauna. The horizons of the ground. The morphological characteristics of the soils: color and texture. The composition of the Earth's atmosphere. The greenhouse effect. The general circulation of the atmosphere. Hadley, Ferrel and Polar cells. The breezes and the monsoon. The waters of the continents. Demand by water in regions. The river channels and morphologies. Water flows and drainage basins. The floods and large volumes of water. The groundwater. The aquifers. Confined Aquifer. Changes Climate. Data of sources about change climate. Impacts human action in environment. Control erosion technical. Power sources energy. Risk about nuclear power. Food safe and production. Water demand in Africa and poor continents.