
Explore nanofabrication techniques like e-beam lithography, physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, and molecular beam epitaxy to create 2D thin films, nanowires, quantum dots, quantum wells, and heterostructures.
Explore the reality of nano branding and the R&D-to-market flow, focusing on metals, semiconductors, and 0D–3D nanostructures for practical devices.
Learn how a four-atom unit cell can be rotated and repeated to form a crystal layer, and why its properties define the material. Distinguish crystalline from amorphous patterns.
Explore the Swarovski method for bulk silicon crystal growth: seed in molten silicon with rotation, inert gas, graphite crucibles, RF heating, and a steady 1 mm/hour pull.
Melt silicon to form a molten zone between a solid feedstock and seed in argon, enabling floating zone crystal growth and producing large, pure crystals.
Learn the wet etching process in nanofabrication, using diluted acids to remove silicon dioxide, with safety training, rinsing, and dry nitrogen drying, noting its isotropic behavior.
Dry etching uses gas-phase processes to achieve anisotropic, vertical etching for nanoscale devices, with plasma or ion sources and customizable chambers.
learn how startups and investors set up an etching project, balancing equipment, manpower, and chemical costs for wet and dry etching on silicon or gallium arsenide, with in-house tool ideas.
Explains lithography as the art of producing patterns on a substrate in top-down fabrication for micro and nano technology, using oxide layers, photoresist, masks, exposure, and etching to define patterns.
Explore how lithography uses light sources, mask-based and maskless writing, and proximity, contact, and projection schemes for pattern generation in Moore's Law-driven ultra large scale integration.
Explore electron beam lithography by accelerating and exposing an electron beam to produce nanoscale patterns, and learn the gun, deflector, and sample stage, plus electron–matter interactions and high costs.
Discovers how x-ray lithography uses synchrotron x-rays and PMMA to achieve high-resolution patterns, including e-beam lithography-based mask creation, development, electroplating, and molds with depths up to one millimeter.
Examine ion-beam lithography, using a direct ion write approach with a heavy ion beam to pattern substrates, and learn why the method is slow and costly, often a poor investment.
Learn how nanoimprint lithography starts with a mold from UV or EVM lithography, duplicates it, then stamps the pattern onto a sample using heat or UV light through transparent glass.
Startups and investors explore a two-dimensional silicon-based, resistance-based gas sensor, focusing on cost-effective photolithography. The talk weighs lithography options, highlighting market viability and affordable fabrication over expensive methods.
Explore chemical vapor deposition, a bottom-up deposition method using a heated substrate, carrier gases, and pyrolysis for mass-production in semiconductor foundries.
Discover metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), an enhanced version of chemical vapor deposition that uses metalorganic precursors and carrier gas to drive crystal growth in a reactor.
Explore physical vapor deposition (pvd), where heated materials form vapors that travel to a substrate to yield crystal growth or coating, via thermal evaporation, sputtering, or laser ablation.
Explore molecular beam epitaxy, an advanced physical vapor deposition method with loading, preparation, and growth chambers under ultrahigh vacuum to enable in-situ diffraction and spectroscopy.
Assess startup-friendly nanofabrication pathways by evaluating deposition and lithography options, prioritizing silicon for 2d sensing devices and gas-resistance measurements, and recommending cost-effective photolithography and CVD/PVD routes over expensive alternatives.
In this program, we comprehensively explore the primary nanofabrication methodologies. We commence with an overview of nanotechnology and progress to bulk crystal growth. Subsequently, we delve into both dry and wet etching techniques. Following this, we dedicate an entire section to various lithography methods, with a particular emphasis on the construction and operational strategies of these instruments. Our exploration extends to deposition techniques, encompassing both physical and chemical vapor deposition methods in thorough detail.
Each section includes practical projects or investor-focused mind maps, enabling analysis of key parameters relevant to product development and market viability. Throughout, we employ a variety of illustrative tools such as diagrams, mind maps, process diagrams, and even 3D animations when necessary.
This course caters to a diverse audience. Whether you're a bachelor's, master's, or PhD student, the concepts are presented in an easily digestible manner. Likewise, entrepreneurs and investors will gain insights into the strategic and economic considerations surrounding these tools and techniques, facilitating informed investment decisions. If you are a professor or a lecturer teaching in a university or engineering college, it will help wrap up the different tools and maneuver them.
The course materials: PowerPoint, images, and videos used in the course are available under the license: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 DEED Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International