Flutter & Dart Basics in Malayalam[2025]

In Dart, both final and const are used to create variables that cannot be changed (immutable). But they are slightly different in how and when the value is set.

if-else is used to make decisions in your program based on conditions.

It checks if something is true or false, and runs code based on that.

The ternary operator is a short way to write if-else conditions.

It uses the ? and : symbols.

A for loop is used to repeat a block of code a certain number of times.

A while loop repeats a block of code as long as the condition is true.

A function is a block of code that performs a specific task. It helps you reuse code and organize logic.

These are the default way to pass arguments — by order.

Use [] to make positional parameters optional.

Named parameters allow you to pass values using parameter names.

OOP stands for Object-Oriented Programming.

What is a Class?

A class is like a blueprint or template.
It defines what properties (data) and methods (actions) an object will have.

An object is an instance of a class — a real, usable version of the blueprint.

Inheritance allows a class to reuse the properties and methods of another class.

Method Overriding means redefining a method in the child class that already exists in the parent class.

The super keyword is used inside a child class to call the parent class's method or constructor.

The process of abstraction, a programmer hides all but the relevant data about an object in order to reduce complexity and increase efficiency.

In Flutter, everything is a widget.

A widget is a basic building block of a Flutter app.

Container is one of the most commonly used widgets in Flutter.

It’s like a box

A Column is a vertical layout widget.

A Row is a horizontal layout widget.

Stack allows widgets to be placed on top of each other, like layers.

Padding is used to add space inside a widget — between the widget and its content or border.

SizedBox is used to give a fixed width and height to a widget,

A StatelessWidget is a widget that does not store any state that changes over time. Once built, it remains the same unless external data changes and causes a rebuild.

A StatefulWidget is a widget that can change its internal state during its lifetime, and when the state changes, the widget rebuilds.

It’s a widget that sets up the environment for the whole app to follow Material Design guidelines.

the Scaffold widget is a basic layout structure for implementing the visual framework of a screen.