Fluid Dynamics with Viscous Property of Fluid

Fluid is that class of matter which can flow through a channel under certain pressure gradient. The fluid with constant and pressure independent density is called incompressible fluid and if the density of the fluid depends on the pressure gradient then it is compressible fluid. As for example, liquid is an incompressible fluid whereas gas is itself a compressible fluid. Fluid has a basic property which is viscosity or viscous property by which it can offer damping force on the particle moving through the fluid.

Here in this content, the measurement of viscosity coefficient is discussed as guided by Newton's equation. For low viscous fluid, Poiseuille's method is applied and for high viscous liquid, Stokes's method is applied for measurement of coefficient of viscosity and both methods are discussed here. Poiseuille's method is also discussed here for vertical flow of liquid and this method is made extended for streamline flow of gas.

For fluid dynamics, the equation of continuity is made discussed here on the basis of mass conservation and after that the basic equation of fluid motion i.e. Euler equation is discussed here and the discussion is made extended to Bernoulli's equation under a few specific conditions like steady, irrotational flow of fluid under pressure gradient and also under influence of gravitational  body force which is a conservative force field. The application of such  Bernoulli's equation regarding velocity of efflux for both liquid and gas are discussed here.