
Explore how interest rates arise from supply and demand for loanable funds and the Fisher effect, and estimate yields from the risk-free Treasury, adjusting for credit risk, liquidity, and maturity.
Explore how the loanable funds market sets the interest rate through demand and supply, establishing equilibrium prices, with an introduction to Fisher theory and inflation expectations.
Explore how loanable funds demand and supply set the interest rate, shaped by households and governments; compare Fisher’s and Loeffler theories with inflation expectations.
Learn how bond yields derive from current yield and coupon rate, and how term structure, credit, liquidity, and tax premiums shape yield curves and policy signals.
Identify how bond yields reflect determinants such as credit risk, default risk, liquidity risk, and maturity, with government bonds setting the minimum yield and the risk premium adjusting other yields.
This module forms part of the full course “Global Financial Markets 2026: The Definitive Guide.” It is designed to provide learners with a clear, structured, and intuitive understanding of interest rates and their central role in financial markets. Within the broader masterclass, this module connects interest rate theory to bond pricing, credit markets, and macroeconomic financial decision-making.
Interest rates are one of the most important variables in finance, influencing borrowing, lending, investment decisions, and asset pricing across the global economy. In this module, you will learn how interest rates are determined through the supply and demand for loanable funds, providing a clear economic framework for understanding credit markets.
We then explore how bond yields are formed and why different debt instruments offer different returns. You will examine how factors such as credit risk, liquidity conditions, taxation, and maturity structure influence yield levels, and how investors assess risk when pricing debt securities.
A key part of the module is the Fisher effect, which explains the relationship between inflation expectations and nominal interest rates. This helps you understand how lenders and borrowers account for changes in purchasing power over time.
You will also learn how risk-free benchmark rates, such as government bond yields, are adjusted to reflect real-world conditions, forming the basis for pricing a wide range of financial instruments.
By the end of this module, you will be able to interpret interest rate movements, understand bond yield behaviour, and analyse how interest rates influence financial markets, lending decisions, and broader economic activity.
Students are encouraged to continue with Financial Markets 2026: The Complete Masterclass, where these concepts are integrated into a unified framework of global financial systems.