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Federalism in India: Why Is India a Federal Country?
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356 students

Federalism in India: Why Is India a Federal Country?

Federalism is a system of government where power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units
Created byC seshu
Last updated 7/2025
English

What you'll learn

  • The student should have basic information about the key features of federalism.

Course content

8 sections • 12 lectures • 1h 29m total length

  • Introduction1:25

    Welcome learners to a constitution course on why and how, and introduce the instructor's 13 years of experience, setting the stage for studying federalism in India.

  • Federalism-introduction7:54

    Explore federalism in theory and practice, its features and types in India, constitutional provisions, and policies and politics shaping federalism, with Belgium and Sri Lanka case studies illustrating different paths.

Requirements

  • All the students appearing or pursuing CBSE GRADE X Democratic politics, All TEACHERS teaching HISTORY in Secondary schools of CBSE in INDIA and ABROAD. All ASPIRANTS of CIVIL SERVICES IN INDIA. ALL HISTORY learners across the world.

Description

What is Federalism?

Federalism is a system of government where power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units (like states or provinces). In a federation, both levels of government operate independently and directly govern the people in their respective areas of responsibility.

Key Features of Federalism:

  1. Two or More Levels of Government – Central and State governments.

  2. Jurisdiction is Constitutionally Defined – Each level governs specific subjects like law, taxes, and administration.

  3. Guarantee by Constitution – The powers of each tier are protected by the Constitution.

  4. Rigid Constitution – No level can unilaterally change the power-sharing arrangement.

  5. Independent Judiciary – Courts settle disputes between different levels of government.

  6. Financial Autonomy – Each level has clearly defined revenue sources.

  7. Dual Objectives – To promote unity and accommodate regional diversity.

Types of Federations:

  1. Coming Together Federations
    Independent states voluntarily unite for mutual benefit (e.g., USA, Australia, Switzerland).

  2. Holding Together Federations
    A large country decides to divide powers to accommodate diversity (e.g., India, Belgium, Spain).

Federalism in India: Why Is India a Federal Country?

India follows a ‘holding together’ model of federalism. The Constitution of India clearly divides powers between the Union Government and State Governments through:

  • Union List – National issues (e.g., defence, currency)

  • State List – Local/state issues (e.g., police, agriculture)

  • Concurrent List – Shared subjects (e.g., education, forests). In case of conflict, Union law prevails.

Who this course is for:

  • Students will be able to learn Enable the topics with a little more information which is missing in the NCERT grade X Democratic politics text book chapter-1.

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