Electrical Designing Basics

Learn the basics of electrical designing and drafting, from day one power supply decisions to transformer sizing, cable selection, and drafting with AutoCAD or MicroStation.

Explore how power flows from generating plants to substations and distribution boards, and identify active, apparent, and reactive power with transformers, circuit breakers, and meters.

Explore steps in building electrical design, from connected load and low-tension work to one-line diagrams and NCC panels, covering lighting, sockets, transformers, cable sizing, voltage drop, UPS and diesel generators.

Explore the fundamentals of electrical design, from basics of voltage, current, and power factor to cable sizing, transformers, UPS, and drafting with AutoCAD, under NEC and NBC standards.

Explore electrical designing basics, drafting, and building industry workflows, from draft plans and design models to on-site execution and coordinated teamwork among engineers, architects, and supervisors.

Follow a design sequence from survey of area and building type to a complete single-line diagram; size transformers and breakers, assess emergency loads, and evaluate capacitor banks and voltage drop.

Identify the five inputs required for electrical design: architectural drawing, civil/structural routing for cables, distribution and panel boards, fall ceiling and seating plan with lighting, and the design brief (DPR).

Explore the basics of electrical engineering, from the father of electricity and electron theory to voltage, current, and the roles of conductors, insulators, and semiconductors in modern devices for beginners.

Explore resistive loads, where a resistor opposes current flow, keeps voltage and current in phase, and yields a unity power factor in a single-phase system.

Explore inductive loads and how magnetic energy drives extra current, causing current to lag voltage and reducing power factor, with examples like motors, fans, and air conditioners.

Explore capacitive load, where capacitors store energy to supply extra current, reduce flicker, and form capacitor banks or synchronous condensers to improve power factor.

Explore voltage levels from extra low to ultra high and how engineers select single-phase or three-phase supply across distribution and transmission ranges, including 11 kV, 22 kV, and 33 kV.

Distinguish static energy from dynamic electricity and explain natural versus artificial sources. Contrast AC and DC, noting frequency, waveform, and transmission ranges described.