C++ Programming - From Scratch to Advanced

Explore C++ data types and variables, learn how a variable stores a single value in memory, and master naming rules with examples of int, float, double, char, and bool.

Discover how double precision uses eight bytes to provide a very high range. Show how doubles enable portable storage of huge values in C++, and preview modifiers.

learn how to use assignment operators in C and C++, including x = value, x += value, x -= value, x *= value, and x /= value to update variables.

Explore how if-else statements implement conditional logic in C++, executing a code block when conditions are true and an optional else block when false, using relational operators and user input.

Explore the concept of loops in programming with a focus on C++: use for, while, and do-while to execute repeated instructions, control conditions, and avoid infinite loops.

Learn how to implement a for loop in C++ to iterate numbers from a start value to an end value, print digits, and create more efficient code through practical examples.

Explore the do-while loop in C++ and learn why it executes at least once before checking the condition, with syntax and practical examples.

Learn how functions, or subprograms, encapsulate tasks in c++, including declaration, definition, formal (dummy) arguments, and function calls, and how return values transfer control to main.

Declare a simple function with no arguments and no return that prints 'hi' using cout, then call it from main to print hi twice as the program runs.

Explore recursion with a detailed tracing of function calls through an example, from main to helpers, backtracking from the base case to accumulate return values.

Explore pointers and addresses in C++, learn how a pointer stores a variable’s address, how the address-of and dereference operators work, and how copying addresses differs from copying values.

Explore how arrays are stored sequentially in memory, from starting addresses and element addresses to how the array name points to the first element, revealing pointer basics in C.

Explore how pointers passed as arguments enable call by reference, passing addresses to swap values and modify the original variables, and compare behavior inside a function versus in main.