Computer Science Introduction

Explains decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal base systems, demonstrates converting decimal to binary via division by two and remainders, and why computers use binary inside microchips.

Explore the octal base system, digits 0 to 7 and base eight. Learn octal to decimal conversions, and its links to binary and historical computer usage.

Explore binary operations in computer science: addition, subtraction, and multiplication in binary (part 1), with carry rules and practical examples such as 1011 and 1101.

Learn octal arithmetic, performing addition, subtraction, and multiplication with base-8 numbers, carrying rules, and examples like 253 plus 67 and 576 plus three, six, five, and four.

Represent negative numbers in binary using sign bits and eight-bit memory, including two's and one's complements. Apply logical and bitwise operators (and, or, not) with truth tables to analyze binaries.

Explore how the Scott CPU, RAM, and bus execute instructions and manage input output. Trace microchip fabrication from silicon to wafers through lithography, doping, and Moore's law.

Explore how binary and hexadecimal representations drive modern computing, how pixels form color images with red green blue, and how memory, CPU, and operating systems power devices.

Explore how a cpu uses the control unit, ALU, and registers to fetch, decode, and execute instructions. Understand flash memory with floating gate MOSFETs for reads and writes.

Learn to simulate digital circuits with a logic gate simulator, wiring inverters and two-input gates (and, nand, or, nor), and read truth tables with led indicators.

Study how to model a three-input digital circuit in python by translating and to multiplication and or to addition, validating with truth tables and boolean expressions in a microelectronics context.

Learn boolean algebra for circuits by using Karnaugh maps to simplify expressions, practice two- and four-variable maps, and derive minimal forms like a + bc.

Explore a visual cpu simulator to perform load and add operations using an accumulator and alu, while contrasting assembly language mnemonics with binary machine code and memory addressing.

Trace the rise of basic, the 1980s home computer lingua franca, through line-numbered programs, dialects across Apple II, Commodore 64, and VIC-20, and screen editors, graphics, and sound.

Trace the history of high level languages from IPL and list processing to Lisp, Lisp machines, and Common Lisp, and compare Lisp with Python and Fortran through practical examples.

Learn to set up and upgrade your python environment on macOS, including checking versions via the terminal, installing homebrew and pip, managing libraries, and using notebooks while mastering indentation.

Define and explore Python variables—integers, floats, strings, booleans, and complex numbers—inspect their types, and practice printing, concatenation, type conversion, and comments in Jupyter.

Explore Python conditional logic with if, else, and elif, including single-line conditionals and variable comparisons. Analyze strings with indexing (positive and negative), slicing, containment checks, and upper and lower methods.

Master Python string manipulation by using lower, strip, and replace, and split strings into lists. Learn formatting with format and f-strings, and handle hidden copy-paste characters from documents.