Complete Linux Training Course to Get Your Dream IT Job 2020

Unix vs. Linux

What is Virtual Box?

• If your Virtual Box only showing 32 bit =

http://www.fixedbyvonnie.com/2014/11/virtualbox-showing-32-bit-guest-versions-64-bit-host-os/

• Help to release mouse capture in virtualBox. Press one key by itself: *The [CTRL] key on the right hand side of the keyboard

Different Ways to Install Linux

Linux Installation (CentOS7 - Recommended)

• If your Virtual Box only showing 32 bit =

http://www.fixedbyvonnie.com/2014/11/virtualbox-showing-32-bit-guest-versions-64-bit-host-os/

• 
  

• Help to release mouse capture in virtualBox. Press one key by itself: *The [CTRL] key on the right hand side of the keyboard

• Download CentOS ISO image = https://www.centos.org/download/

• Help to release mouse capture in virtualBox. Press one key by itself: *The [CTRL] key on the right hand side of the keyboard

• For 32bit CentOS go to http://mirror.centos.org/altarch/7/isos/i386/

Linux Installation (CentOS8)

Redhat7 Linux Installation

Ubuntu Linux Installation

Linux Desktop (GUI)

Virtual Machine Management

Linux Distributions

Linux vs. Windows

Who Uses Linux?

Keyboard Keys Used in Linux

• Help to release mouse capture in virtualBox. Press one key by itself: *The [CTRL] key on the right hand side of the keyboard

Linux Command Prompts and Getting Prompts Back

Accessing Linux System:

• Installing Putty or any other SSH Client

• Comparison of other OS clients

Download and Install Putty

New Network Command (ifconfig and ip)

Connect Linux VM via Putty

• Power down the OS

• Now on your Virtual Box go to settings->network->on adapter 1 choose host only adapter->click ok.

• Now start your OS. Run ifconfig; now the NIC inet address is your IP.

• Use this and run it on your putty. Login with your credentials.

Important Things to Remember in Linux:

• Root account role

• Case sensitive

• File name standards

FileSystem Structure and Description

File System Navigation Commands (cd , ls and pwd)

• cd

• pwd

• ls

Absolute and Relative Paths

• Absolute path

• Relative path

• Navigation to filesystem using both paths

Linux Directory Listing Attributes

Creating Files and Directories (touch, cp, vi, mkdir)

Linux File Types

Finding Files and Directories (find, locate)

Difference Between Find and Locate Commands

Changing user password in Linux

Linux wildCards (*, ?, ^, [])

Hard and Soft Links (ln) in Linux

• Create 10 files under your home directory (File names = jerry, kramer, george, lex, clark, lois, homer, bart, lisa, and marge)
• Create 3 directories under your home directory (Dir name = seinfeld, superman and simpsons)

Linux Command Syntax

• Command

• Options

• Argument

For example: ls -l filename

ls = command

-l = option

filename = argument

Files and Directory Permissions (chmod):

- --- --- ---

- = First dash or bit identifies the file type

--- = 2nd 3 bits defines the permission for user (file or dir owner)

--- = 3rd 3 bits defines the permission for group

--- = 4th 3 bits defines the permission for everyone else

File Permissions Using Numeric Mode

chmod 777 file

File Ownership Commands (chown, chgrp)

Linux Access Control List (ACL)

Help Commands in Linux

• man

• whatis

• command --help

TAB Completion and Up Arrow Keys in Linux

Adding Text to Files in Linux

• echo 

• redirects > and >>

• vi

Standard Output to a File (tee command) in Linux

Linux Pipes ( | )

File Maintenance Commands (cp, rm, mv, mkdir, rmdir)

• cp

• rm

• mv

• mkdir

• rmdir or rm -f

• chgrp

• chown

Homework:

• move jerry, george, kramer and puddy files into seinfeld directory

• move homer, bart, marge, lisa files in simpsons directory

• move clark, luther and lois files in superman directory

File Display Commands (cat, less, more, head, tail)

• cat

• more

• less

• head

• tail

• vi

Filters / Text Processing Commands:

• cut

• awk

• grep and egrep

• sort

• uniq

• wc

cut - Text Processors Commands in linux

awk - Text Processors Command in linux

grep/egrep - Text Processors Command in linux

sort/uniq - Text Processors Commands in Linux

wc - Text Processors Command in Linux

Compare Files (diff and cmp)

Compress and uncompress (tar, gzip, gunzip)

Truncate File Size (truncate)

Combining and Splitting Files in Linux

Linux vs. Windows Commands

Linux File Editor (vi)

• vi 

• i = Insert mode

• a = insert and move cursor

• zz or :wq! = save file and quit vi editor

• :q! = quit vi editor without saving

• up, down, left and right keys = to navigate within vi editor 

• o = to start inserting from a new line

• Shift g = Takes you to the end of a file while in vi

• / = searches for a pattern while in vi mode

Difference between vi and vim Editors in Linux

Linux "sed" Command

More sed commands can be found in:

https://linuxconfig.org/learning-linux-commands-sed

User Account Management (useradd, groupadd, usermod, userdel, groupdel)

• useradd

• userdel

• groupadd

• groupdel

• usermod

User Files

• /etc/passwd

• /etc/shadow

• /etc/group

Full command example:

• useradd –g superheros –s /bin/bash –c “user description” –m –d /home/spiderman spiderman

Switch Users and Sudo Access (su, sudo)

• su or su -

• sudo command

• who
• last
• w
• id

Talking to users in Linux

• users

• wall

• write

Linux Directory Service - Account Authentication

Difference between Active Directory, LDAP, IDM, WinBIND, OpenLDAP etc.

System Utility Commands in Linux (date, uptime, hostname, uname, which, cal, bc)

Process and Jobs in Linux

• systemctl or service

• ps

• top

• kill

• crontab

• at

Additional cronjobs in Linux (hourly, daily, weekly, monthly)

Process Management in Linux (bg, fg, nice)

System Monitoring Commands in Linux:

• top

• df

• dmesg

• iostat 1

• netstat

• free

• cat /proc/cpuinfo

• cat /proc/meminfo

System Logs Monitor in Linux:

• /var/log

• /var/log/message

• dmesg

• mail

System Maintenance Commands in Linux:

• shutdown

• reboot

• init 0-6

• halt

Changing System Hostname in Linux (hostnamectl)

Finding System Information in Linux:

• uname

• cat /etc/redhat-release

• cat /etc/*rel*

• dmidecode

Finding System Architecture in Linux (arch)

Terminal Control Keys in Linux:

• CTRL-u   - erase everything you've typed on the command line

• CTRL-c   - stop/kill a command

• CTRL-z   - suspend a command

• CTRL-d   - exit from an interactive program (signals end of data).

Terminal Commands in Linux (clear, exit, script)

Recover Root Password in Linux:

• On the grub menu, hit the arrow key to pause on the grub menu then hit [e] to edit

• Arrow down to line where is says Linux16

• Go to the end of the line

• Hit spacebar

• Type rd.break

• Then control + X to boot the entry in grup

• Reboot puts you in a root shell

• Then mount –o remount,rw /sysroot/

• Type chroot /sysroot/

• Type passswd

• Create new password

• last step: touch /.autorelabel

• enter

• exit

SOS Report in Linux

Environment Variables in Linux

Linux Kernel

What is a Shell in Linux?

Types of Shells in Linux

Linux Shell Scripting

Linux Basic Shell Scripts:

#!/bin/bash

echo "Hello World"

Input and Output of Script in Linux (shell scripting)

Linux if-then Scripts:

#!/bin/bash

if [ -e /home/iafzal/veronica ]

        then
        echo "File exist"
        else
        echo "File does not exist"
fi

Linux for Loop Scripts

#!/bin/bash

if [ -e /home/iafzal/check ]

        then
        echo "File exist"
        else
        echo "File does not exist"
fi

Linux do-while Scripts:

#!/bin/bash

count=0
num=10
while [ $count -lt 10 ]
do
        echo
        echo $num seconds left to stop this process $1
        echo
        sleep 1

num=`expr $num - 1`
count=`expr $count + 1`
done
echo
echo $1 process is stopped!!!
echo

Linux case Statement Scripts:

#!/bin/bash

echo Please enter the letter next to the command that you want to select:
echo 'a date'
echo 'b ls'
echo 'c who'
echo 'd hostname'

        read choice

                case $choice in
a) date;;
b) ls;;
c) who;;
d) hostname;;
*) echo Invalid choice - Bye.

                esac

Check Remote Servers Connectivity script in Linux

Setting up Aliases (alias) in Linux

User and Global Aliases in Linux

Shell History (history) in Linux

Enable Internet on Linux VM:

• Open Virtualbox Manager

• Select the machine you cannot get internet on in the left pane

• Click the Settings button in the top menu

• Click Network in the left pane in the settings window

• Switched to Bridged Adaptor in the Attached to drop-down menu

• Hit OK to save your changes

• Start your VM

Linux Network Components:

• IP

• Subnet mask

• Gateway

• Static vs. DHCP

• Interface

• Interface MAC

Network Files and Commands in Linux:

• Interface configuration files

• /etc/hosts

• Verion 6 = /etc/sysconfig/network

• Version 7 = /etc/hostname

• /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-nic

• /etc/resolv.conf

• /etc/nsswitch.conf

• Network Commands

• ping

• ifconfig

• ifup or ifdown

• netstat

• tcpdump

NIC Information (ethtool) in Linux

NIC or Port Bonding in Linux

Downloading Files or Apps (wget) in Linux

curl and ping commands in Linux

FTP - File Transfer Protocol in Linux

rsync - Remote Synchronization in Linux

System Updates and Repos in Linux:

• rpm

• yum

System Upgrade/Patch Management in Linux

Create Local Repository from CD/DVD in Linux

Linux Advance Package Management

Rollback Patches and Updates in Linux

https://access.redhat.com/solutions/64069

SSH and Telnet in Linux

SSH vs. Telnet in Linux

DNS - Download, Install and Configure (Domain Name Systems) in Linux

Hostname or IP Lookup (nslookup and dig) in Linux

Linux Network Time Protocol (ntp)

Linux chronyd (New Version of NTP)

Linux Sendmail

Linux Web Server (Apache - HTTP):

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>
<body style="background-color:lightgrey;">
<br>
<h1 style="text-align:center;">Welcome to My First Page</h1>
<h4 style="text-align:center;">My name is Imran Afzal</h4>
<br>
<br>
<br>
</body>
</html>

Linux Central Logger (rsyslog)

Securing Linux Machine (OS Hardening)

OpenLDAP Installation

Tracing Network Traffic (traceroute)

How to open Image File through Command Line in Linux

Access Remote Server without Password using SSH-Keys in Linux

Linux System Run Levels (0 thru 6)

Linux Boot Process

Linux Message of the Day

Customize Message of the Day in Linux

Storage

Linux Disk Partition (df, fdisk)

Add Disk and Create Standard Partition in Linux

Linux Logical Volume Managment (LVM)

Linux LVM Configuration during Installation

Add Virtual Disk and Create New LVM Partition in Linux (pvcreate, vgcreate, lvcreate,)

Extend Disk using Linux LVM

Adding Swap Space in Linux

RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks)

Linux File System Check (fsck and xfs_repair)

Linux System Backup (dd Command)

Installation and Configuration of Network File System (NFS)

Linux Samba Installation and Configuration

Difference Between CentOS/Redhat 5, 6 and 7

Difference Between CentOS/RHEL 7 and 8

Resume Workshop

Cover Letter

Linux Administrator Job Duties

Exposure to Other Technologies