Ultimate Electrical Design and Fundamentals

Name: Ultimate Electrical Design and Fundamentals
Rating: 4.0 (313 reviews)

Practical Calculations and Guides for Electrical Installation Design

Created byDanny Hiew

Last updated 9/2025

English

What you'll learn

Fundamentals of Electrical Circuits: Understand Ohm's Law, Kirchoff's Laws, and Thevenin's Theorem to analyze and solve electrical circuits.
AC Circuit Analysis: Master the analysis of AC circuits with resistive, inductive, and capacitive components, calculating power and power factor.
Three-Phase Systems: Learn the principles of three-phase circuits, including connections, power measurement, and power factor correction.
Harmonics and Mitigation: Grasp the concept of harmonics, their effects, and strategies to mitigate harmonics in electrical systems.
Energy Measurement: Explore various energy measurement methods, including electromechanical, electronic, and smart energy meters.
High Tension and Low Tension Distribution: Differentiate between high-tension (HT) and low-tension (LT) distribution systems and their applications.
Per Unit System Basics: Learn the concept of the per unit system and its importance in power system analysis.
Switchgear and Protection: Explore the role of switchgear in electrical systems and the importance of protection devices.
Distribution System Types: Understand radial, ring, and mesh distribution systems in electrical power networks.
Fault Current Calculation: Calculate three-phase fault current and MVA using per unit values for power system protection.
Types of Circuit Breakers: Understand various circuit breaker types, including air, vacuum, and SF6 circuit breakers.
Switchboard and Switchgear Assemblies: Learn about high and low voltage switchgear assemblies.
Protection Systems: Understand the purpose of protection systems and their components, including relays and transformers.
Protection Schemes: Explore protection schemes, including overcurrent, earth fault, and differential protection.
Transformer Basics: Learn about distribution transformers, their types, and protection methods.
Cable Joints and Terminations: Explore methods for joining and terminating cables in electrical installations.
Earthing Systems: Learn about substation and system earthing, including the role of earthing conductors and circuit protective conductors (CPC).
Cable Construction and Types: Understand the construction, insulation materials, and specifications of electrical cables.
Electrical Installation Design Sequence: Understanding steps in designing electrical installations, ensuring a systematic approach to the process.
Determine Load Characteristics: Analyzing and calculating electrical load requirements for installations, considering equipment and load diversity.
Determine Supply Characteristics: Identifying and assessing power supply characteristics, such as voltage levels, frequency, and reliability.
Electrical Installation Outline: Creating an initial plan for installations, detailing the placement of components, circuits, and connections.
Power Distribution Design: Planning the distribution of electrical power, addressing cable routing, conductor sizing, and selecting distribution equipment.
Use Standard Final Circuits: Incorporating standard final circuits into designs, ensuring compliance with relevant regulations and standards.
Isolation and Switching Requirements: Defining requirements for isolation and switching mechanisms, prioritizing safety and functionality.
Final Assessment and Client Review: Conducting a comprehensive evaluation of the design and reviewing it with the client for alignment.
Design calculations
Electrical design
Departure from Local Electrical Standards: Addressing deviations from local standards, documenting and justifying any departures appropriately.
Fault calculations
Cable sizing
Shock protection

Course content

9 sections • 268 lectures • 42h 25m total length

What you will learn3:42
Ohm's Law10:58
Concept check - Ohm's Law
Application of Ohm's Law in Series Resistors Connection10:16
Application of Ohm's Law in Parallel Resistors Connection10:45
Example of a DC Circuit Analysis using Ohm’s Law3:13
Concept check - Application of Ohm's Law in Series and Parallel Connections
Kirchoff's Laws13:24
Example of Circuit Analysis using Kirchoff's Laws14:07
Concept Check - Kirchoff's Laws
Thevenin's Theorem21:47
Example of Circuit Analysis using Thevenin's Theorem2:51
Concept check - Thevenin's Theorem
Maximum Power Transfer Theorem12:00
Concept Check - Maximum Power Transfer Theorem
Sine Wave of Single Phase AC Voltage15:48
Concept Check - Sine Wave of Single Phase AC Voltage
AC Circuit With Pure Resistance Load10:43
Concept Check - AC Circuit With Pure Resistive Load
Power in Pure Resistive Load14:25
Concept Check - Power in Pure Resistive Load
Examples of Resistive Loads5:23
Concept Check - Resistive Loads
Power Loss in Conductor4:02
AC Circuit With Pure Inductive Load24:41
Concept Check - AC Circuit With Pure Inductive Load
Power in Pure Inductive Load12:16
Concept Check - Power in Pure Inductive Load
Example of Inductive Loads7:23
AC Circuit with Pure Capacitive Load17:04
Concept Check - AC Circuit with Pure Capacitive Load
Power in Pure Capacitive Load17:30
Concept Check - Power in Pure Capacitive Load
Example of Capacitive Loads5:36
Summary on Resistive, Inductive and Capacitive Circuit6:57
Analysis on Series RLC Circuit25:35
Concept Check - Analysis on Series RLC Circuit
Analysis on Parallel RLC Circuit34:56
Concept Check - Analysis on Parallel RLC Circuit
Active, Reactive and Apparent Power in AC Circuit24:41
Concept Check - Active, Reactive and Apparent Power in AC Circuit
Power Triangle22:39
Concept Check - Power Triangle
Power Factor and Relationship to Reactive Power26:15
Concept Check - Power Factor and Relationship to Reactive Power
Example on Series RLC Circuit and Power Calculation3:37
Effect of High Reactive Load to Power Loss25:01
Concept Check - Effect of High Reactive Load to Power Loss
Power Factor Correction48:54
Phasor and Complex Number for AC Circuit Calculation12:46
Concept Check - Phasor and Complex Number for AC Circuit Calculation
Three Phase AC Waveforms2:22
Concept Check - Three Phase AC Waveforms
Advantages of Three Phase AC5:56
Concept Check - Advantages of Three Phase AC
Basic Structure of a 3-Phase Circuit3:25
Concept Check - Basic Structure of a 3-Phase Circuit
Star(Y) source to Star(Y) load2:13
Star(Y) source to Delta(∆) load1:44
Delta(∆) source to Star(Y) load1:42
Delta(∆) source to Delta(∆) load1:11
Phase Voltage and Line Voltage2:31
Concept Check - Phase Voltage and Line Voltage
Relationship between Phase Voltage and Line Voltage for Y Connected Load3:40
Current for Y Connected Load1:03
Current for ∆ Connected Load3:46
Conversion of ∆ source/load to Y source/load or Vice Versa7:42
Concept Check - Conversion of ∆ source/load to Y source/load or Vice Versa
Calculation of 3 Phase Y source to Y load Circuit5:44
Concept Check - Calculation of 3 Phase Y Source to Y Load Circuit
Example Calculation of 3 Phase Y source to Y load Circuit1:26
Power in a 3 phase Balanced AC Circuit11:56
Concept Check - Power in a 3 phase Balanced AC Circuit
Example Power in a 3 phase Balanced AC Circuit1:32
Calculation of ∆-Y, Y-∆ and ∆-∆ connections8:13
Power Factor Correction13:52
Concept Check - Power Factor Correction
Example of Power Factor Correction4:29
AC Current Measurement10:35
Concept Check - AC Current Measurement
AC Voltage Measurement5:02
Concept Check - AC Voltage Measurement
AC Power Measurement4:29
Concept Check - AC Power Measurement
Single, Two and Three Wattmeter Method7:39
Concept Check - Single, Two and Three Wattmeter Method
Power Analyzer3:07
Energy Measurement15:30
Concept Check - Energy Measurement
Electromechanical Induction Type Energy Meters3:44
Concept Check - Electromechanical Induction Type Energy Meters
Electronic Type Energy Meters9:12
Smart Energy Meters12:03
Electrical Tariff18:17
Introduction of Power System Harmonics7:13
Triplen Harmonics11:03
Where Do Harmonics Come From?4:36
Example of Distorted Waveform3:08
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)2:52
RMS value of a Total Waveform with Harmonics3:20
Power and Power Factor with Harmonics9:20
Effects of Harmonics on Generator7:32
Effects of Harmonics on Transformer14:33
Effects of Harmonics on AC Induction Motors9:51
Effects of Harmonics on Cables5:40
Effects of Harmonics on Circuit Breakers and Fuses3:17
Effects of Harmonics on Lightings5:10
Harmonic Standards and Mitigation Strategies6:17
Harmonic Mitigation by Delta-Delta and Delta-Wye Transformers14:42
Harmonic Mitigation by Isolation Transformers6:43
Harmonic Mitigation by Passive Harmonic Filters19:29
Harmonic Mitigation by Active Harmonic Filters27:22
Free Lecture Notes on Electrical Circuit Theory and Analysis0:12

What you will learn3:35
Types of Distribution Systems3:29
Radial Distribution System22:02
Ring Distribution System23:42
Mesh Distribution System31:44
Example of High Tension Distribution System26:40
Example of LT Distribution System36:53
Per Unit System8:00
Selection & Calculation of Base Values of Per Unit System8:49
Calculation of Per Unit Value0:46
Establishing Uniform Base Values in Per Unit for Efficient Calculations11:11
Purpose of Three Phase Fault Calculation7:08
Derivation of Three Phase Fault Current and Fault MVA7:38
Example of Three Phase Fault Current Calculation3:40
Circuit Switching and Switchgears8:51
Arcing Phenomena26:15
Switching of Alternating Current Circuit18:18
Electrical Specifications of Switching Devices20:20
Switches, Switch-fuses and Fuse-switches11:43
Rewirable Fuses13:40
High Rupturing Capacity Fuse19:32
Circuit Breakers - Essential Components in Electrical Systems25:02
Miniature Circuit Breakers and Moulded Case Circuit Breakers22:34
Air Circuit Breakers24:37
Vacuum Circuit Breakers23:56
SF6 Circuit Breakers6:29
Switchboards26:28
High Voltage Switchgear Assemblies30:23
Low Voltage Switchgear Assemblies17:33
Switchgear Isolation and Re-energization Procedures3:52
Safety Precautions for Working with High Voltage Switchgear20:16
Purpose of Protection Systems20:15
Discrimination in Protection Systems21:39
Earth Leakage Protection29:16
Current Transformers27:36
Voltage Transformers21:37
Protection Relays22:45
Protection Schemes18:47
Combined Overcurrent and Earth Fault Protection10:11
Differential Protection13:12
Differential Protection of Feeders28:28
Differential Protection of Transformers16:46
Plug Setting of Protection Relays22:46
Time Multiplier Setting of Protection Relays11:09
Normal Inverse 3 10 IDMTL curve2:46
Example of PS and TMS Settings of IDMTL Relays7:07
Distribution Transformers12:58
Mineral Oil-Filled Transformer, Silicon Oil Filled Transformer and Dry Type Tran17:15
Terminal Markings of Transformers7:26
Phase Shift in Transformers8:15
Transformer Protection17:42
Construction of Cables11:05
Conductors and Applications12:54
Cables Insulation Materials and Applications23:50
Cable Types and Specifications21:40
Cable Joints and Terminations27:04
Earthing System33:36
Free Notes on Fundamental of Distribution and Protection Systems0:13

Characteristics of the Electricity Supply5:44
Determine Fault rating of switchgear4:51
Coordinating Load, Protective Device, and Cable Current Carrying Characteristics7:51
Cable Sizing for Circuits without Overload Protection2:57
Cable Sizing for Circuits with Overload Protection3:23
30 and 32 A Ring Final Circuits3:02
Example: Calculating Current and Protective Device Rating for a Shower Circuit6:27
Example: 30 and 32 Ring Final Circuits Cable Sizing3:34
Example: Ring Final Circuit Maximum Cable Length4:43
Requirements for Fault Protection8:23
Determining Maximum Cable Length for Voltage Drop Limits4:23
Example: Maximum Cable Length Calculation for Ring Circuit2:52
Example: Maximum Cable Length Calculation for Radial Circuit3:02
Short-Circuit Current Protection Requirements4:18
Protective Conductors Verification using Adiabatic Equation2:54

Understanding Electrical Demand and Load Diversity7:00
Example of Domestic Appliances Load Demand5:57
Overview of Load Demand of Winter Weekday5:36
Installation Outline and Load Identification5:41
Current Demand in Final Circuits6:44
Example: Determining Current Demand in a Shower Circuit2:21
Example: Determining Current Demand in a Cooker Circuit3:47
Example: Determining Current Demand of a Lighting Circuit4:14
Example: Determining Current Demand of a Single Phase Motor Circuit1:32
Diversity Between Final Circuits in Simple Installations(1)6:06
Diversity Between Final Circuits in Simple Installations(2)5:50
Example: Calculating Maximum Demand for a Small Office6:16
Example: Calculating Maximum Demand for a Domestic Installation3:24
Diversity in Multi-Dwelling Electrical Installations3:08
Accurate Estimation of Diversity in Complex Installations3:43
Estimating Maximum Demand and Demand Factors3:51
Estimating Maximum Demand at Sub-Distribution Points4:25
Tolerance in Demand Estimations3:17
Estimating Demand on Socket-Outlet Circuits6:50
Demand Factor g3:37
Example: After-Diversity Demand Calculation3:30

Common Symbols in Cable Sizing6:02
Initial Design4:37
Overcurrent Protection Requirements5:13
Fault Currents4:11
Overload Currents4:44
Small Overloads5:18
Current-Carrying Capacity Tables8:35
Rating Factors Explanation7:25
Ambient temperature rating factor Ca5:14
Group Rating Factor (Cg)7:49
Group Rating Factor (Cg)Continued3:47
Cg for Mixed Single Phase and Three Phase Circuits in Shared Enclosure6:07
Example of Cg for Three-Phase and Single-Phase Circuits in a Common Enclosure6:33
Grouping Considerations for Lightly Loaded Circuits3:35
Example of Grouping Involving Lightly Loaded Circuits4:54
Grouping Factors for Cables in Ducts Buried in Ground5:48
Ci - Rating Factor for Cables in Thermal Insulation4:15
Example Calculation Cable Current-Carrying Capacity in Thermal Insulation4:50
Buried Circuit Rating Factor Cc4:56
Soil Thermal Resistivity Rating Factor Cs4:33
Depth of laying rating factor Cd4:00
Example Determining Minimum Cross-Sectional Area of Underground Cables7:04
Conductor Operating Temperature and Safety Guidelines4:01
Cable Sizing for Protection Against Overload and Short Circuit4:03
Example of Cable Sizing for Protective Device Providing Overcurrent Protection4:23
Cable Sizing Overcurrent Protection for Conductors in Parallel3:44
Example Cable Sizing Overcurrent Protection for Parallel Conductors5:33
Protection against fault current only (omission of overload protection)3:22
Example Cable Sizing for Protection against fault current only3:49
Motors Starting and Continuous Current3:43
Example:Motor Continuous Current Calculation and Selection of Protective Device2:13
Example Motor Load – Verification of Cable Size6:22
Example: Cable sizing for star-delta motor starter4:31

1 Introduction - Voltage Drop Calculation in Electrical Installations4:14
Distribution System Voltage Drop4:26
Voltage Drop Calculation Formula (Single-Phase System)2:13
Example: Voltage Drop Calculation for Single Phase Circuit3:47
Three-Phase System Voltage Drop3:26
Example: Voltage Drops of Three-Phase Motor Circuit3:30
Summing Voltage Drop3:23
Example: Summing Voltage Drop3:06
Voltage Drop Involving Inductance of Cable (pf unknown)3:06
Example: Voltage Drop Involving Inductance of Cable (pf unknown)4:10
Voltage Drop Involving Inductance of Cable (pf is known)3:39
Example: Voltage Drop Involving Inductance of Cable (pf is known)3:18
Conductor Operating Temperature and Voltage Drop7:13
Example: Voltage Drop with Ct Factors4:57
Voltage Drop Correction for Both Conductor Operating Temperature and Load PF2:40

Prospective Fault Current Determination7:45
Short-Circuit Ratings in BS EN 60898 and BS EN 61009 Series4:33
Enquiry Method for Determining Fault Current3:44
Enquiry Method - Characteristics of Single-Phase Supplies Up to 100 A4:13
Singapore Installation Requirements for Single-Phase Supplies Up to 100 A4:05
Enquiry Method - Characteristics of Three-Phase Supplies4:26
Singapore Installation Requirements for 400V Three-Phase Supplies3:21
Enquiry Method - Maximum Earth Fault Loop Impedances4:43
Voltage Considerations in Fault Current Calculations4:03
Calculation of Maximum Prospective Fault Current (Ipf)4:00
Calculation of Minimum Prospective Fault Current (Ief)4:02
Steel Conduit as Circuit Protective Conductor3:13
Steel Trunking as Circuit Protective Conductor3:07
Steel Wire Armoured Multicore Cables where the Armour as CPC3:21
External CPC in Parallel with Steel Wire Armoured Multicore Cables as CPC4:53
Aluminium Armoured Single-Core Cables where the Armour as CPC4:25
Example Maximum and Minimum Fault Current Calculation(1)3:25
Example Maximum Fault Current Calculation at MSB(2)4:19

Protective Provisions for Electric Shock5:00
Automatic Disconnection of Supply19:49
Double Insulation10:26
Reinforced Insulation2:28
Electrical Separation22:56
Extra Low Voltage (SELV and PELV)11:14
Functional Extra Low Voltae (FELV)3:28
Automatic Disconnection of Supply Explained8:10
Maximum Disconnection Time (Final Circuit up to 32A)12:09
Residual Current Device (RCD) Compliance4:42
Relaxation of Disconnection Time5:14
Fault Current Magnitude for Timely Disconnection6:24
Example – 32A Type B Circuit-Breaker6:24
Maximum Allowable Earth Fault Loop Impedance6:51
Example 32A Type B Circuit Breaker Final Circuit Earth Fault Loop Impedance14:09
Objective of Circuit Design - Low Earth Fault Impedance4:17
Impedance Calculation11:41
Radial and Ring Circuits Length Limits6:47
Example: Maximum Cable Length to meet Shock Protection Requirement5:30

Requirements

No electrical engineering experience required - I'll teach you everything you need to know
A PC or Handphone with access to internet
I'll walk you through, step-by-step how to do calculations, design, and test electrical installations

Description

This comprehensive course is designed to equip participants with a deep and holistic understanding of electrical systems, covering key aspects such as theory, design, safety, installation, and testing. Participants will embark on a journey through the fundamental principles and example of applications that form the backbone of electrical engineering.

Electrical Systems Theory: Participants will delve into the theoretical foundations of electrical systems, exploring concepts such as circuit theory, network theorems, and analysis methods. The course will provide a solid grounding in the principles governing electrical systems, ensuring a strong theoretical foundation for subsequent modules.
Design Principles: Building upon the theoretical framework, this segment focuses on the design principles of electrical systems. Participants will learn to conduct load calculations, select appropriate equipment, and create efficient layouts. Emphasis will be placed on adhering to industry standards and codes to ensure safe and reliable system designs.
Safety Protocols: The course prioritizes safety in electrical systems. Participants will learn about shock protection, fault current protection, and the implementation of safety measures in electrical installations. Practical scenarios and case studies will be employed to reinforce the importance of safety practices in the field.
Calculations: Examples of design calculations such as Cable Sizing, Fault Current Calculations, Earth Loop Impedances and their considerations in Electrical Installation design.

Who this course is for:

If you want to learn electrical circuit theory
If you want to learn how to design electrical distribution system
If you want to learn how to test and electrical installation
If you are an electrical technician or engineer who wants to attain a qualified license in electrical profession
If you want to learn about electrical machines
If you want to learn about earthing systems
If you want to learn about switchgears
If you want to learn about protective devices
If you want to learn about design calculations
If you want to refresh your electrical engineering fundamentals

Ultimate Electrical Design and Fundamentals

What you'll learn

Explore related topics

Course content

Electrical Circuit Theory and Analysis79 lectures • 13hr 26min

Fundamental of Distribution and Protection Systems58 lectures • 16hr 23min

Overview of Electrical Installation Design Sequence10 lectures • 2hr 6min

Simple Electrical Installation and Final Circuits15 lectures • 1hr 8min

Maximum Demand and Diversity Factor21 lectures • 1hr 37min

Cable Sizing for Current Carrying Capacity​33 lectures • 2hr 45min

Voltage Drop Calculation in Electrical Installations​15 lectures • 57min

Fault Current Calculation18 lectures • 1hr 16min

Shock Protection19 lectures • 2hr 48min

Requirements

Description

Who this course is for: